City of New Albany v. Ray, s. 53287

• Decision Date: 21 July 1982
• Docket Number: Nos. 53287,53288,s. 53287
• Citation: 417 So.2d 550
• Parties: CITY OF NEW ALBANY, et al. v. Howard Lee RAY.
• Court: Mississippi Supreme Court

Page 550

417 So.2d 550

CITY OF NEW ALBANY, et al. v. Howard Lee RAY.

Nos. 53287, 53288.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

July 21, 1982.

Thomas R. Trout, Darden, Sumners, Carter & Trout, New Albany, for appellants.

Will R. Ford, Ford & Cornelius, New Albany, for appellee.

Before WALKER, P. J., and BROOM and ROY NOBLE LEE, JJ.

ROY NOBLE LEE, Justice, for the Court:

Howard Lee Ray petitioned the City of New Albany to rezone fifteen (15) acres of land from A-1, agricultural with three-acre residential, to R-3, multiple dwelling. Individual citizens protested the change of the zoning ordinance, and the City of New Albany [City] unanimously declined to rezone the property. Ray appealed to the Circuit Court of Union County, which court, Honorable W. W. Brown, presiding, reversed the decision of the City and rezoned the property from A-1 to R-3 (# 53,287). After the City had denied the petition and prior to the hearing before Judge Brown, Ray filed a second petition seeking to rezone the property from A-1 to R-2, two-family dwellings (duplex). The City also denied that petition and, on appeal, the Circuit Court dismissed the appeal as moot, since the first appeal was decided in favor of Ray (# 53,288). The records have been consolidated and are now before this Court on appeal.

I.

THE APPELLEE FAILED TO PROVE BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE ANY OF THE NECESSARY ELEMENTS TO ESTABLISH A PRIMA FACIE CASE ENTITLING HIM TO A ZONING CHANGE. EVEN ASSUMING FOR THE PURPOSE OF ARGUMENT THAT SUCH A PRIMA FACIE CASE WAS MADE, THERE IS SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE IN THE RECORD TO SUPPORT THE DECISION OF THE MAYOR AND BOARD OF ALDERMEN, AND THE CIRCUIT COURT ERRONEOUSLY SUBSTITUTED ITS JUDGMENT FOR THAT OF THE MAYOR AND BOARD OF ALDERMEN.

The City adopted a Zoning Ordinance which became effective June 26, 1980. Appellee filed his request for a zoning change on July 22, 1980, less than one (1) month after adoption of the ordinance. The Zoning and Planning Commission of the City recommended the requested change from A-1 to R-3. A full hearing was scheduled before the Mayor and Board of Aldermen. Approximately one hundred (100) citizens protested the requested rezoning, including a large majority of landowners adjacent to, and surrounding, the Ray property.

Appellee proceeded on the theory that there was a mistake in the original zoning of his property as A-1 and that the classification was a "holding" situation until such time as the need developed for rezoning to another classification. He also contended that there was a public need for the rezoning.

In February of 1980, Dalcor Properties, Inc., Huntsville, Alabama, contacted appellee about obtaining an option on the fifteen-acre tract of land. Dalcor desired to construct a 28-unit housing project for the elderly on said property, and appellee sought a change in the zoning restriction in order to accomplish that purpose. He contacted the chairman of the New Albany Planning and Zoning Commission, who wrote a letter to the effect that the Commission did not foresee any problems in getting the property rezoned. Final HUD approval of the project was indicated in a letter dated July 30, 1980. In City of Oxford v. Inman, 405 So.2d 111 (Miss.1981), quoting from Cloverleaf Mall Ltd. v. Conerly, 387 So.2d 736, 740 (Miss.1980), the principles governing changes in zoning as to mistake and change in the neighborhood appear as follows:

Before reviewing the evidence in this case, we restate the requirements set forth in our cases which must be met by one seeking rezoning of property. The courts presume that comprehensive zoning ordinances adopted by municipal authorities are well planned and designed to be permanent. Before property is reclassified from one zone to another, there must be proof either, (1) that there was a mistake in the original zoning, or, (2) the character of the neighborhood was changed to such an extent as to justify rezoning and that public need exists for rezoning. Watts v. City of Wiggins, 376 So.2d 1072 (Miss.1979); Sullivan v. City of Bay St. Louis, 375 So.2d 1200 (Miss.1979); Jitney Jungle, Inc. v. City of Brookhaven, 311 So.2d 652 (Miss.1975); Underwood v. City of Jackson, 300 So.2d 442 (Miss.1974); Patterson v. City of Jackson, 285 So.2d 466 (Miss.1973); Board of Supervisors of Jackson County v. Roberts, 287 So.2d 436 (Miss.1973); City of Jackson v. Husbands, 233 So.2d 817 (Miss.1970); Martinson v. City of Jackson, 215 So.2d 414 (Miss.1968); Moore v. Madison County Board of Supervisors, 227 So.2d 862 (Miss.1969); City of Jackson v. Wilson, 195 So.2d 470 (Miss.1966) and City of Jackson v. Bridges, 243 Miss. 646, 139 So.2d 660 (1962).

Furthermore, an applicant seeking rezoning must prove by clear and convincing evidence either (1) or (2) above. Sullivan v. City of Bay St. Louis, 375 So.2d 1200 (Miss.1979); Underwood v. City of Jackson, 300 So.2d 442 (Miss.1974); Hinds County Board of Supervisors v. Covington, 285 So.2d 143 (Miss.1973). .

The appellee concedes that there was no material change in the neighborhood and area surrounding the property proposed to be rezoned, but he introduced evidence to the effect that there was a public need for the rezoning. Appellee argues strenuously that there was a mistake in the original zoning ordinance in placing the property under the classification A-1. ¹ Without detailing the testimony and evidence, it is sufficient to say that there was no issue as to a change in the character of the neighborhood, there was a sharp issue as to the public need for rezoning, and there was an issue as to whether or not a mistake was made in the original zoning.

Appellee originally requested that the property be zoned A-1, and some members of the Zoning and Planning Commission may not have realized the full import of the zoning classification. One such representative testified that it was a mistake to zone the property A-1. However, a mistake within the meaning of the law is not a mistake of judgment, but, rather, a clerical or administrative mistake. The lower court held that the positions advanced by appellee were not applicable to the facts of this case unless there was a mutual mistake. However, in our opinion, mutual mistake also is not applicable.

The law is well settled that a decision of the Mayor and Board of Aldermen in such matters will not be disturbed unless the decision was arbitrary, capricious, discriminatory,...