Cleland v. Peters

• Citation: 73 F. Supp. 769
• Decision Date: 10 October 1947
• Docket Number: Civil Action No. 5514.
• Parties: CLELAND v. PETERS.
• Court: U.S. District Court — Western District of Pennsylvania

73 F. Supp. 769

CLELAND v. PETERS.

Civil Action No. 5514.

District Court, W. D. Pennsylvania.

October 10, 1947.

Maurice Levinson, of New Castle, Pa., for plaintiff.

Lee C. McCandless, of Butler, Pa., for defendant.

WALLACE S. GOURLEY, District Judge.

This matter comes before the Court on motion for a new trial filed by Leslie Warren Peters, one of the claimants in an interpleader proceeding. In this action Blanche Marie Cleland, plaintiff, of the City of Los Angeles, California, and Leslie Warren Peters, defendant, of R. D. No. 1, Prospect, Butler County, Pennsylvania, are both claiming the proceeds of a beneficial insurance policy issued by the Royal Neighbors of America, a beneficial society, which insured the life of Ada B. Peters, late a resident of Butler County, Pennsylvania, in the sum of One Thousand Dollars ($1,000).

The assured, Ada B. Peters, died December 2, 1945, at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She had named Leslie Warren Peters beneficiary in the policy dated January 20, 1926, and had on or about October 29, 1945, requested the said insurance company to change the beneficiary to her daughter, Blanche Marie Cleland.

The defendant, Leslie Warren Peters, contended that his mother, Ada B. Peters, was mentally incompetent to make said change of beneficiary on or about October 29, 1945.

The insurance carrier, being confronted with two claims for the proceeds of the said insurance policy, paid the sum of One Thousand Dollars ($1,000) to the Clerk of the United States District Court. Later this Court allowed the said insurance company the sum of One Hundred Twenty-four and 36/100 Dollars ($124.36) for counsel fees and costs that it had incurred.

An issue was framed between the claimants wherein Blanche Marie Cleland became the plaintiff, and Leslie Warren Peters, the defendant. The case was tried in May, 1947, before a jury which returned a verdict for the plaintiff, Blanche Marie Cleland, in the sum of Eight Hundred Seventy-five and 64/100 Dollars ($875.64), being the balance of the fund in the custody of the Court.

The defendant has filed a motion for a new trial alleging —

(1) The verdict was against the weight of the evidence;

(2) The verdict was against the instructions of the Court;

(3) There was an error in that evidence was admitted as to the distribution and amount received by the respective heirs in the Estate of John L. Peters, father of the defendant, and plaintiff was permitted to show how much the estate amounted to and how much was received by Leslie Warren Peters, thus bringing into the case an issue which confused and prejudiced the jury in the issue before them;

(4) An error was made in the trial of the case to the great prejudice of the defendant in that lay witnesses who had qualified by knowledge and association with the deceased were not permitted to express their opinion as to the mental capacity of Ada B. Peters. That an attempt was made to rectify this in that the Court, before closing the case, instructed the jury they could consider these witnesses as having stated the deceased was mentally incompetent, but the defendant feels said statement did not have the weight with the jury that the individual testimony of the respective witnesses would have had and that the same was to his prejudice; and

(5) The jury failed to follow the instructions of the Court and although exhibits were sent out with the jury with instructions to examine the same and make a comparison of the handwriting, the jury returned a verdict, as the defendant is advised, within thirty minutes which shows the jury failed to follow the instructions of the Court and to deliberate on the questions involved.

It is the duty of the court in passing upon the motion of the defendant for a new trial to consider the testimony in a light most advantageous to the plaintiff. All conflicts therein must be resolved in the plaintiff's favor, and the plaintiff must be given the benefit of every fact and inference of fact pertaining to the issue involved which may be reasonably deduced from the evidence. Flowers v. Dolan, Adm'x, Aplnt., 155 Pa.Super. 378, 38 A.2d 429; Bauer, Adm'x, v. Sacks, Aplnt., 355 Pa. 488, 50 A.2d 351; Cyclopedia of Federal Procedure, 2d Ed., Vol. 8, Section 3463, p. 124; Brunswick-Balke-Collander Co. v. Foster Boat Co., 6 Cir., 141 F.2d 882; Worcester et al. v. Pure Torpedo Co., 7 Cir., 140 F.2d 358; Hellweg v. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., 71 App. D.C. 346, 110 F.2d 546.

It is the obligation of the Court to consider all of the testimony which has been introduced by both the plaintiff and the defendant. Otto, Adm'x, Aplnt., v. Western Sav. Fund Soc., 343 Pa. 615, 621, 23 A.2d 462; 20 American Jurisprudence 140, Sec. 135.

Sanity and mental capacity of a person signing an instrument are presumed, and the burden is on one who alleges the contrary. In the absence of fraud or undue influence, mere weakness of intellect resulting from sickness or old age is no ground for avoiding an instrument when sufficient intelligence remains to comprehend the transaction. Hamilton et al. v. Fay, 283 Pa. 175, 128 A. 837; In re Snyder's Estate, 279 Pa. 63, 123 A. 663; Patterson, Gdn., Aplnt., v. Snider et ux., 305 Pa. 272, 273, 157 A. 612; In re Draper's Estate, 215 Pa. 314, 64 A. 520; Guarantee Trust & Safe Deposit Co., Gdn., Aplnt., v. Heidenreich et al., 290 Pa. 249, 138 A. 764; 13 C.J. 262, 17 C.J.S., Contracts, § 27; 14 R.C.L. Pars. 74 and 75, pp. 622 and 623.

If a person appreciates in a general way who his relatives are, what property he possesses, and indicates an intelligent understanding of the disposition which it is desired to make, said person has legal capacity. Neither old age nor its infirmities, including untidy habits, partial loss of memory, inability to recognize acquaintances, incoherent speech will deprive a person of the right to dispose of his property. Aggas, Aplnt., v. Munnell et al., 302 Pa. 78, 152 A. 840; Lawrence v. King, 299 Pa. 568, 150 A. 169.

The question of mental capacity was fairly and impartially presented under proper instructions from the Court, and the jury resolved this question in favor of the plaintiff, Blanche Marie Cleland, and adverse to Leslie Warren Peters.

Ample evidence was introduced by the plaintiff from which the jury had a justifiable basis to find that the assured, Ada B. Peters, had mental capacity at the time that the change of beneficiary was made to Blanche Marie Cleland. In addition thereto, in the presentment of the defense or claim of Leslie Warren Peters, testimony was introduced from which the jury had a sound basis to find that Ada B. Peters had mental capacity on the date that the change of beneficiary was executed in favor of Blanche Marie Cleland.

I do not believe that the verdict of the jury was against the weight of the evidence, and the first reason set forth in the motion for a new trial is denied.

The claimant, Leslie Warren Peters, has set forth as his second reason in support of the motion for a new trial that "the verdict of the jury was against the instructions of the Court."

I have previously stated that the Court thoroughly instructed the jury as to the applicable principles of law which should be considered in evaluating the facts which were introduced in support of the theories of the adverse claimants. At the completion of the charge counsel was asked if there were any additional statements of law or fact which it was desired that the Court make to the jury, which inquiry by the Court was answered in the negative.

In view of what has been stated by the Court in disposing of the first reason for a new trial, and on the basis of the comments just expressed, the second reason set forth in the motion for a new trial is refused.

The claimant, Leslie Warren Peters, has set forth as his third reason in support of the motion for a new trial that "there was an error in that evidence was admitted as to the distribution and amount received by the respective heirs in the Estate of John L. Peters, father of the defendant, and plaintiff was permitted to show how much the estate amounted to and how much was received by Leslie Warren Peters, thus bringing into the case an issue which confused and prejudiced the jury in the issue before them".

In considering this question I will make reference somewhat generally to the facts and circumstances which arose in the trial of this case that resulted in the admission of evidence as to the moneys received by Leslie Warren Peters from the estate of his deceased father, John L. Peters.

Ada B. Peters and John L. Peters had been previously married. Eleven children were born to the first marriage of John L. Peters, and five children were born to the first marriage of Ada B. Peters. One child was born to the marriage of John L. Peters and Ada B. Peters, this child being Leslie Warren Peters, one of the claimants in this action. After the death of John L. Peters an agreement was executed between his twelve children and Ada B. Peters, his widow, wherein she renounced her undivided one-third interest in said estate. She agreed to accept as her share in the settlement of said estate an undivided one-thirteenth interest. In this agreement no benefit was derived by the five children of Ada B. Peters which were born to her first marriage, one of said children being the plaintiff in this action, Blanche Marie Cleland.

Counsel for ...