Com. v. Gove

• Decision Date: 08 May 1890
• Parties: COMMONWEALTH v. GOVE.
• Court: United States State Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts Supreme Court

151 Mass. 392

24 N.E. 211

COMMONWEALTH v. GOVE.

Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Suffolk.

May 8, 1890

Exceptions from superior court, Suffolk county.

COUNSEL

A.J Waterman, Atty. Gen., and H.A. Wyman, Asst.Atty. Gen., for the Commonwealth.

E.B Callender and L. Girardin, for defendant.

OPINION

HOLMES, J.

1. This is an action upon a recognizance given by the defendant as surety for one Corbett, after the latter had been convicted of rape in the superior court for the transaction of criminal business in the county of Suffolk. The court adjourned at about half past 11 in the morning on Saturday, May 11th until the following Monday, and the recognizance was taken by a commissioner at about 2 in the afternoon of the same Saturday. By Pub.St. c. 212, § 48, after a conviction in that court, "the prisoner shall not be admitted to bail, except in open court: provided that, when said court is not in session, bail may be taken" by a commissioner. It is argued that the court is in session, within the meaning of the act, during its temporary adjournments, and that therefore the recognizance is void.

In Brayman v. Whitcomb, 134 Mass. 525, it was held that the time between the sessions of the court during an adjournment like the present was not vacation, within Gen.St. c. 152, § 2, (Pub.St. c. 193, § 2,) which did not authorize a recognizance to be taken before a clerk except in vacation. But the distinction between term-time and vacation in these statutes plainly does not mean the same thing as that between the court being and not being in session. When the Public Statutes were enacted, as well as at the date of the original statute of 1862, c. 159, § 1, all the courts had "terms," the word had not become exceptional, and if the legislature had meant by the section before us that bail should not be taken by a commissioner in term-time, it would have said so, as it did in chapter 193, § 2. We are of opinion that the words "when said court is not in session" mean when it is not in actual session, and that the commissioner had jurisdiction.

2. The proviso in section 48 continues: "And in such case such commissioner shall have proof that written notice of the proposed application has been duly served, at least twenty-four hours before the hearing of such application upon the district attorney or the assistant district attorney for the Suffolk district." There was no such proof in this case, and in...