Copenhaver v. State

• Decision Date: 12 September 1967
• Docket Number: No. A--14320,A--14320
• Citation: 431 P.2d 669
• Parties: Roy D. COPENHAVER, Petitioner, v. The STATE of Oklahoma, Respondent.
• Court: United States State Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma. Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma

Page 669

431 P.2d 669

Roy D. COPENHAVER, Petitioner, v. The STATE of Oklahoma, Respondent.

No. A--14320.

Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma.

Sept. 12, 1967.

Syllabus by the Court

1. Whenever the judge of any court of record within this state shall determine that any person convicted of a crime within his court is without adequate funds or resources to employ legal counsel for the perfection of an appeal, he shall upon request of said convicted person appoint counsel for appeal. Said counsel shall be provided adequate compensation, as fixed by the judge, from the court fund of the county in which the defendant was convicted. Provided, that in any county where a public defender is regularly employed, the judge making a determination of the necessity for counsel to prosecute an appeal shall, where feasible and justice will be served, appoint such public defender to act as such counsel for the defendant for such appeal, and may, if the circumstances, justify, allow an additional compensation to such public defender upon the concurrence of a majority of the district judges, if more than one district judge. 22 O.S.Supp. § 1074.

2. (a). The Court of Criminal Appeals may entertain an appeal, after the original time in which an appeal should have been perfected has expired, when the Court determines that any person confined in any penitentiary or penal institution within the State of Oklahoma has been denied any right guaranteed to him by the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Oklahoma relating to the right to appeal.

(b). The Court of Criminal Appeals may by appropriate rules prescribe the manner in which such determination shall be made, and may direct any inferior court to conduct hearings, make findings of fact, and transmit the same to said appellate court.

(c). In the exercise of said appellate jurisdiction, the Court of Criminal Appeals may direct the preparation of a case made or transcript and the appointment of counsel, which cost shall be paid in the manner as otherwise provided by law. 22 O.S.Supp. § 1073.

3. In order that a record may be preserved for a determination of the denial or waiver of any constitutional right relating to an appeal, we recommend that in All cases where an indigent person is represented on the trial by court-appointed counsel, that the trial court, prior to the rendition of judgment and sentence, advise the defendant in the manner hereinafter set forth.

The defendant should be advised that he stands convicted of the crime of _ _, and that before the court imposes judgment and sentence the defendant has the right to file a Motion for New Trial, setting forth the reasons why he believes he should be granted a new trial. After the rendition of judgment and sentence, the trial court should advise the defendant of his right to appeal his conviction to the Court of Criminal Appeals and should advise him of his right to be represented by court-appointed counsel on said appeal and the right to a case made at public expense. The court should further advise said convicted person that if he desires to appeal, he must give notice of his intention to appeal to the Court of Criminal Appeals and request for a case made, both to be in writing, at the time of rendition of judgment and sentence or within ten (10) days thereafter; the same to be filed either with the trial court or the court clerk thereof. The court should then inquire if the prisoner desires to appeal, if he desires a case made at public expense, and if he desires the appointment of counsel to represent him in perfecting an appeal. If the defendant does not affirmatively waive these rights, he should be kept ten (10) days in the county jail prior to being transported to the penitentiary; and the court should so advise him that in the event he has not determined whether he wishes to appeal his conviction and assert his right to a case made at public expense and court-appointed counsel, said person will be kept in the county jail in order that he may assert these rights at any time prior to the expiration of time within which to give notice of intent to appeal, request for case made and the appointment of counsel. All of the proceedings therein should be reduced to writing and made a permanent part of the court file in such case.

4. In a case where an accused is represented by counsel of his own choice it is the better practice for the court to advise the defendant in the same manner set forth in Syllabus 3.

5. Before accepting a plea of guilty, the trial court should advise the defendant of his right to be represented by counsel and if the defendant be indigent, of his right to be represented by court-appointed counsel his right to a jury trial, the nature and consequences of entering a plea of guilty and the minimum and maximum punishment provided by law for the crime of which he stands charged. The record should reflect an affirmative waiver of these rights if a plea of guilty is accepted. Upon pronouncement of judgment and sentence, the trial court should thereafter advise the defendant of his rights relating to an appeal in the manner set forth in Syllabus 3.

6. Counsel, whether court-appointed or employed by defendant, in any criminal case, should, if the defendant is convicted at a jury trial, file a Motion for New Trial prior to the rendition of judgment and sentence. He should also advise the defendant of his rights relating to an appeal in the manner as above set forth and maintain a record on his personal files of the time and palce at which he advised the defendant of these rights.

7. Record examined and held that defendant was not denied any constitutional or statutory right relating to an appeal.

Original proceeding in which Roy D. Copenhaver seeks a post conviction appeal. Denied.

Roy. D. Copenhaver, pro se.

G. T. Blankenship, Atty. Gen., Hugh H. Collum, Asst. Atty. Gen., for respondent.

BUSSEY, Judge:

On June 1, 1967, Roy D. Copenhaver, petitioner herein, filed in this Court a petition for post conviction appeal. In his peitition he states that he has been denied his right to an appeal from his conviction in the District Court of Payne County, Cause No. 3226, by reason of the fact that said District Court has failed and refused to furnish him with a case made record of his trial at public expense. Further, that he entered a plea of not guilty, and was tried before a jury, at which time he was represented by court-appointed counsel, and sentenced to serve not less than two nor more than six years in the State Penitentiary.

Since considerable confusion exists as to the scope of the recently enacted post conviction statutes and the pre-existing remedies, we deem it necessary to briefly review the pre-existing rights and those recently recognized under the statutes of the State of Oklahoma, and delineate the duties imposed upon court and counsel in implementing and protecting the same.

It is of historical significance that since the first legislature convened in Oklahoma, the State has provided case mades for indigent persons when a timely request has been made, in order that an appeal might be perfected to this Court. It was many years thereafter before this right was recognized and granted to indigent persons in the Federal Courts; however, no authority existed for the appointment of counsel to represent an indigent person on appeal, nor indeed, was it the duty of the state to provide such representation until the ruling of the United States Supreme Court in Douglas v. State of California, 372 U.S. 353, 83 S.Ct. 814, 9 L.Ed.2d 811, March 18, 1963. Subsequent to the Douglas decision and prior to the convening of the 30th Oklahoma Legislature, the trial courts of this jurisdiction, in order to comply with the Supreme Court's ruling, appointed members of the Oklahoma Bar Association to represent indigent persons in perfecting an appeal to this Court. These attorneys served without compensation and discharged their duty with fidelity. When the legislature was informed of the Douglas decision, they were prompt in enacting the provisions of 22 O.S.Supp. § 1074, the same providing:

'Whenever the judge of any court of record within this state shall determine that any person convicted of a crime within his court is without adequate funds or resources to employ legal counsel for the perfection of an appeal, he shall upon request of said convicted person appoint counsel for appeal. Said counsel shall be provided adequate compensation, as fixed by the judge, from the court fund of the county in which the defendant was convicted. Provided, that in any county where a public defender is...