Dawson v. State

• Decision Date: 16 March 2010
• Docket Number: No. A09A2271.,A09A2271.
• Citation: 691 S.E.2d 886
• Parties: DAWSON v. The STATE.
• Court: Georgia Court of Appeals

691 S.E.2d 886

DAWSON v. The STATE.

No. A09A2271.

Court of Appeals of Georgia.

March 16, 2010.

Gerard Kleinrock, for appellant.

Gwendolyn Keyes Fleming, Dist. Atty., Daniel J. Quinn, Asst. Dist. Atty., for appellee.

BERNES, Judge.

After being granted an out-of-time appeal, William Dawson challenges the trial court's denial of his motion to withdraw his guilty plea on two counts of aggravated assault, two counts of false imprisonment, and one count of terroristic threats. He argues that his post-conviction counsel was ineffective for failing to raise the issue of trial counsel's ineffectiveness and asks us to remand his case to the trial court for consideration of that issue. Because Dawson's claim is barred by his failure to file a motion to withdraw his guilty plea in the trial court following the grant of the out-of-time appeal, it cannot be considered.

The record shows that on May 14, 2004, Dawson pled guilty with the assistance of counsel to the above-stated charges, which stemmed from a domestic dispute with his former girlfriend and her friend. Dawson, represented by post-conviction counsel, timely filed a motion to withdraw the guilty plea, arguing that his plea was neither intelligently nor voluntarily entered. The motion did not raise an ineffective assistance of counsel claim. Following a hearing, the trial court denied Dawson's motion.

After the time for filing a direct appeal from the trial court's denial of the motion to withdraw his guilty plea had passed, Dawson filed a pro se motion for an out-of-time appeal. The trial court denied the motion, but this Court reversed the denial after concluding that Dawson's right to a direct appeal had indeed been frustrated because the trial court had not informed him of that right. Dawson was appointed a third attorney, who then filed a notice of appeal in this Court; a second motion to withdraw the guilty plea was not pursued. Dawson now asserts for the first time that his trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance and asks that we remand the case to the trial court for a determination of whether post-conviction counsel rendered ineffective assistance by failing to raise the issue of trial counsel's ineffectiveness in the motion to withdraw guilty plea.¹

Generally, a claim of ineffectiveness must be asserted at the earliest practicable moment and, when it is not, the claim is waived and thus procedurally barred. See, e.g., Ruiz v. State, 286 Ga. 146, 148-149(2)(a), (b), 686 S.E.2d 253 (2009); Garland v. State, 283 Ga. 201, 202, 657 S.E.2d 842 (2008); Simmons v. State, 281 Ga. 437, 438(2), 637 S.E.2d 709 (2006); Glover v. State, 266 Ga. 183, 183-184(2), 465 S.E.2d 659 (1996). And the grant of an out-of-time appeal "should be seen as permission to pursue the post-conviction remedies which would be available at the same time as a direct appeal and constitutes permission to pursue appropriate post-conviction remedies." (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Maxwell v. State, 262 Ga. 541, 542(3), 422 S.E.2d 543 (1992). See Ponder v. State, 260 Ga. 840, 840-841(1), 400 S.E.2d 922 (1991). Applying both of the above-stated principles to a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel asserted for the first time after the grant of an out-of-time appeal, our Supreme Court has held that the claim is procedurally barred unless the defendant's appellate counsel files a motion in the trial court raising the ineffectiveness claim after the out-of-time appeal has been granted. See generally Chatman v. State, 265 Ga. 177, 178(2), 453 S.E.2d 694 (1995) ("A claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel may not be asserted in an out-of-time appeal unless the defendant's new appellate counsel files a motion for new trial after the grant of the out-of-time appeal and raises the ineffectiveness claim.") (citation and punctuation omitted); Maxwell, 262 Ga. at 542(3), 422 S.E.2d 543; Ponder, 260 Ga. at 840(1), 400 S.E.2d 922. This is true regardless of whether, in this case a motion to withdraw a guilty plea had previously been denied by the trial court prior to the grant of the out-of-time appeal. See Maddox v. State, 278 Ga. 823, 827(5), 607 S.E.2d 587 (2005); Maxwell, 262 Ga. at 542-543(3), 422 S.E.2d 543; Ponder, 260 Ga. at 840(1), 400 S.E.2d 922; Clay v. State, 232 Ga.App. 541, 542(2), 502 S.E.2d 267 (1998); Wordu v. State, 216 Ga.App. 552, 553-554(2), 455 S.E.2d 101 (1995). Cf. Andrews v. State, 278...