Duff v. Town of Southbridge
| Decision Date | 13 January 1950 |
| Citation | 90 N.E.2d 12,325 Mass. 224 |
| Parties | DUFF v. TOWN OF SOUTHBRIDGE. |
| Court | United States State Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts Supreme Court |
Argued Sept. 2 1949.
C E. Tupper, Worcester, for plaintiff.
J. J O'Shaughnessy, Jr., Town Solicitor, Southbridge, for defendant.
Before QUA, C. J and LUMMUS, SPALDING and COUNIHAN, JJ.
This is an action of contract to recover for labor and materials furnished by the plaintiff to the defendant under a written contract. From a finding for the plaintiff the defendant appealed. The case also comes here on the plaintiff's appeal from the denial of his motion to dismiss the defendant's appeal on the ground that the appeal was not entered in this court within the time required by G.L. (Ter.Ed.) c. 231, § 135.
The Plaintiff's Appeal.
By G.L. (Ter.Ed.) c. 231, § 96, a party may appeal to this court from any order of the Superior Court 'decisive of the case founded upon matter of law apparent on the record.' If we assume that the denial of the plaintiff's motion was an appealable order within the provision of 96 just mentioned see Gordon v. Willits, 263 Mass. 416, 520, 161 N.E 881; Kolda v. National-Ben Franklin Fire Ins. Co., 290 Mass. 182, 195 N.E. 331, we are nevertheless of opinion that the plaintiff has failed to show error. 'The burden rests on the party seeking reversal to show that harm was done to him by the ruling of which complaint is made.' Larivier v. Boucher, 297 Mass. 27, 30, 8 N.E.2d 353, 354. The plaintiff's motion appears to be based on an alleged failure by the defendant to enter the case in this court within five days after the date of notice from the clerk that the necessary papers were ready, as required by G.L. (Ter.Ed.) c. 231, § 135. [1] The docket discloses that the appeal was claimed on September 29, 1947, and that an order for the preparation of the papers for transmission to this court was given on the same day. It further appears that an estimate of the expense of preparing the papers was mailed on October 17, 1947, and that the amount of the estimate was paid on October 22. But there is no record on the docket of any other steps taken to perfect the appeal. There is no copy before us of any notice sent by the clerk to the defendant informing it that the papers were ready, and the docket furnishes no information whatsoever on the matter. On this record it cannot be said that the plaintiff has sustained the burden of showing that there was error in the denial of his motion. See Kolda v. Notional-Ben Franklin Fire Ins. Co., 290 Mass. 182, 184-185, 195 N.E. 331. Neilson v. Malcolm Kenneth Co., 303 Mass. 437, 438-439, 22 N.E.2d 20.
The Defendant's Appeal.
The case on the merits was heard on a 'statement of agreed facts' by a judge, who found for the plaintiff in the sum of $7,202.76. The defendant appealed. G.L. (Ter.Ed.) c. 231, § 96. We treat the finding as an order for judgment. Town of Pepperell v. Somerville, 321 Mass. 413, 414, 73 N.E.2d 850. Since the facts contained in the 'statement of agreed facts' were 'agreed upon as evidence to be submitted to the court,' this is not a case stated but an agreement as to evidence. Frati v. Jannini, 226 Mass. 430, 431, 115 N.E. 746; King Features Syndicate, Inc., v. Cape Cod Broadcasting Co., Inc., 317 Mass. 652, 653, 59 N.E.2d 481. An appeal lies in such a case under § 96, but only for the purpose of determining the correctness of an 'order decisive of the case founded upon matter of law apparent on the record.' The order for judgment was 'decisive of the case.' But the only 'matter of law apparent on the record' here is whether that order is warranted by the evidence. Pequod Realty Corp. v. Jeffries, 314 Mass. 713, 716, 51 N.E.2d 308, and cases cited. King Features Syndicate, Inc., v. Cape Cod Broadcasting Co. Inc., 317 Mass. 652, 653, 59 N.E.2d 481.
Pertinent evidence agreed to by the parties includes the following: At the annual town meeting in 1940 of the town of Southbridge (hereinafter called the town) it was voted 'That the town raise and appropriate the sum of five thousand ($5,000) dollars to rebuild that part of Elm Street known as Lebanon Road from its junction with Brickyard Road southerly, the same to be taken from the tax levy of 1940.' On June 10, 1940, a contract was executed between the plaintiff and the defendant by the terms of which the plaintiff agreed to do certain work on the road in accordance with a schedule of prices set forth in the contract. The contract was validly executed, all conditions precedent to its execution having been complied with by both parties. The portion of the road to be rebuilt was 'what was known as a very bad turn on Lebanon Hill' and was 'one of the worst pieces of road in Southbridge.' All 'the work was necessary for the safety and security of the public.' The plaintiff began work on the road in June, 1940, and at that time the town had not expended any of the appropriation. 'As the work progressed, the plaintiff submitted bills which were approved by the engineer and the board of selectmen and for which the plaintiff received payment.' These payments amounted to $3,871.88. When the plaintiff submitted bills in excess of the appropriation they were approved by the engineer, but the board of selectmen of the town did not approve them, 'being in doubt as a matter of law, whether the plaintiff could recover more than $5,000.' All of the work was performed under the direction of the engineer who at all times here material was an agent of the town. 'It is agreed that the total bills submitted by the plaintiff were as follows: $6,758.89 for unit price items and $3,921.74 [sic] for extras, making a total of $9,680.83 [sic] of which the plaintiff has received $3,871.88.' It is also agreed that the charges were proper and that 'unless the plaintiff is precluded from recovering more than $5,000 as a matter of law, [he] is entitled to recover the whole amount set forth in his declaration,' namely, $5,808.84 together with interest in the amount of $1,394.12 or a total of $7,202.96. The judge found for the plaintiff for the total amount of his claim.
General Laws (Ter.Ed.) c. 44 (the municipal finance act), § 31 provides that 'No department of any city or town, except Boston, shall incur liability in excess of the appropriation made for the use of such department, except in cases of extreme emergency involving the health or safety of persons or property, and then only by a vote in a city of two thirds of the members of the city council, and in a town by a vote of two thirds of the selectmen.' 'One purpose of this statute was to set rigid barriers against expenditures in excess of appropriations.' McCarthy v. Malden, 303 Mass. 563, 565, 22 N.E.2d 104, 107. As we said recently in construing a similar provision in the city charter or Boston, 'Persons dealing with a municipality must take notice of limitations of this kind upon the contracting power of the municipality and are bound by them and cannot recover upon contracts attempted to be made in violation of them.' Adalian Brothers, Inc., v. Boston, 323 Mass. 629, at page 631, 84 N.E.2d 35, 36. To the same effect are Dyer v. Boston, 272 Mass. 265, 273-274, 172 N.E. 235; McHenry v. Lawrence, 295 Mass. 119, 122, 3 N.E.2d 262 and Continental Construction Co. v. Lawrence, 297 Mass. 513, 9 N.E.2d 550, 111 A.L.R. 699. In the case at bar the sum appropriated was $5,000. This set the outside limit of the town's liability to the plaintiff, and the judge erred in ordering judgment for an amount which exceeded that sum. There is nothing in the case of G. M. Bryne Co. v. Barnstable, 286 Mass. 544, 191 N.E. 45, cited by the plaintiff, which is at variance with the conclusion here reached. That case differs in many respects, but one difference which clearly distinguishes it from the present case is that G.L. (Ter.Ed.) c. 44, § 31, was not applicable, the statute having been passed after the contract with the town had been made. There was no extreme emergency here, and the plaintiff is not aided by...
To continue reading
Request your trial