EHRLICH, PC v. Tullo
| Decision Date | 06 July 2000 |
| Citation | 274 A.D.2d 303,710 N.Y.S.2d 572 |
| Parties | FRED EHRLICH, P. C., Appellant,<BR>v.<BR>LINDA A. C. TULLO et al., Respondents. |
| Court | New York Supreme Court — Appellate Division |
Plaintiff satisfied all the elements of an account stated, and defendant's claims in opposition failed to raise a material issue of fact as to any of those elements.
Not only did plaintiff demonstrate that defendant received and retained his bills without objection, an assertion never denied by defendant herself, but in addition, the parties entered into a stipulation as to $21,745.78 of plaintiff's fee, which stipulation is not vitiated by any viable claims of duress or unconscionability.
Repudiation of an agreement on the ground that it was procured by duress requires a showing of both (1) a wrongful threat, and (2) the preclusion of the exercise of free will (see, Matter of Guttenplan, 222 AD2d 255, 256-257, lv denied 88 NY2d 812). Here, plaintiff's "threats" to cease representing defendants unless he were paid were not wrongful. The threatened exercise of a legal right is not economic duress (see, Faillace v Port Auth., 130 AD2d 34, 42, lv denied 70 NY2d 613; Gerstein v 532 Broad Hollow Rd. Co., 75 AD2d 292, 297; Hopkins v Governale, 222 AD2d 435, 436).
Moreover, the retainer agreement expressly permitted the attorney's suspension of services or complete withdrawal under the circumstances presented here, and, in any event, given the status of the case at that time, defendant would not have been prejudiced had her attorney actually withdrawn.
Nor was the pressure on defendants so great as to constitute the requisite "overcoming of free will" compelling them to sign the stipulation. Indeed, no evidence was submitted on the summary judgment motion to substantiate the claim of ill health.
Defendants' challenge to the propriety of some terms of the retainer agreement is unavailing. Our concern here is not with the validity of the retainer agreement but with the viability of the stipulation. Even if any part of the retainer were unconscionable, this would have no bearing on the stipulation (see, Ellenbogen & Goldstein v Brandes, 226 AD2d 237, lv denied 89 NY2d 806).
In addition to the amount agreed to in the stipulation, plaintiff was entitled to the amounts thereafter billed, when those bills were retained without protest and partially paid (see, Ruskin, Moscou, Evans & Faltischek v FGH Realty Corp., 228 AD2d 294; Ellenbogen & Goldstein v Brandes, supra). Indeed, the...
To continue reading
Request your trial
-
Tomassetti v. Falco
...threatened exercise of a legal right is not economic duress (citations omitted)." (Fred Ehrlich, P.C. v. Camerota Tullo, 274 A.D.2d 303, 710 N.Y.S.2d 572, 2000 N.Y. Slip Op. 06620 [1st Dept., 2000]). "It is well established that where the alleged menace was, as here, to stop performance und......
-
Galpern v. De Vos & Co.
...client until he is paid is typically lawful, provided the withdrawal would not cause prejudice to the client. Ehrlich v. Tullo, 710 N.Y.S.2d 572, 573 (App. Div., 1st Dep't. 2000) (explaining an attorney's "'threats' to cease representing [the defendant, client, as attorney] unless [the atto......
-
Lopez v. Muttana
...311, 792 N.Y.S.2d 599 ; Wujin Nanxiashu Secant Factory v. Ti–Well Intl. Corp., 14 A.D.3d 352, 788 N.Y.S.2d 78 ; Fred Ehrlich, P.C. v. Tullo, 274 A.D.2d 303, 710 N.Y.S.2d 572 ). In any event, even if the plaintiff had adequately alleged duress, his substantial and inexcusable delay in seekin......
-
Hendessi v. N.Y. Coll. of Osteopathic Med. of N.Y. Inst. of Tech.
...or against his free will, or based on fraudulent statements. See Matter of Sarah K., 66 N.Y.2d 223, 242 (1985); Fred Ehrlich, P.C. v. Tullo, 274 A.D.2d 303, 304 (1st Dept 2000); Gerstein, 75 A.D.2d at 297. As courts have noted, “although it may be unfortunate to spend years studying a disci......