Erath Sugar Co. v. Broussard, 45302

• Decision Date: 09 January 1961
• Docket Number: No. 45302,45302
• Citation: 125 So.2d 776,240 La. 949
• Parties: ERATH SUGAR COMPANY, Ltd., v. Aliface BROUSSARD.
• Court: Louisiana Supreme Court

Page 776

125 So.2d 776

240 La. 949

ERATH SUGAR COMPANY, Ltd., v. Aliface BROUSSARD.

No. 45302.

Supreme Court of Louisiana.

Jan. 9, 1961.

Edward F. LeBlanc, Abbeville, for plaintiffs-appellants.

J. E. Kibbe, Abbeville, for defendant-opponent.

SANDERS, Justice.

In this proceeding, the plaintiff seeks to be decreed the owner and to be granted the undisturbed possession of a certain plot of land located in Vermilion Parish. The district court sustained an exception of no cause of action and dismissed the suit. The court of appeal ¹ affirmed the judgment upon a holding that the plaintiff could not proceed under the Uniform Declaratory Judgments Act (LSA-R.S. 13:4231--13:4246) since its petition sets forth grounds for a petitory action.

In its application for writs, plaintiff asserted that this holding is in conflict with the case of Succession of Rickerfor, La.App., 120 So.2d 320, in which this Court denied writs. After consideration, we granted certiorari in the present case to review the judgment of the court of appeal.

In its opinion, the court of appeal correctly stated:

'The allegations of the petition show that the plaintiff claims title to certain described property under a deed, a copy of which is attached to the petition; and that the defendant has possession of the realty claimed and has refused to surrender it to the plaintiff after demand.' (120 So.2d 545).

However, in our opinion, the court erroneously concluded:

'Since under Code of Practice Articles 5 and 43--45 a petitory action is available to a non-possessor claiming recognition of his title against one in possession of the property claimed, the trial court held that the plaintiff could not proceed by a declaratory judgment action and dismissed the plaintiff's suit, citing Burton v. Lester, 227 La. 347, 79 So.2d 333.

'The trial court's action was correct and must be affirmed.'

The court of appeal held that the present proceeding cannot be characterized as a petitory action when the prayer of the petition specifically limits the relief demanded to a judgment 'in keeping with the provisions of La.R.S. (13:) 4231 et seq. * * *.' We cannot agree with this holding. The petition additionally seeks judgment:

'* * * in favor of plaintiff, Erath Sugar Company, Ltd. and against defendant herein, Aliface Broussard, declaring and adjudging plaintiff to be the owner of the following described property and as such entitled to the possession thereof against defendant according to law. * * *

'Plaintiff further prays that defendant be ordered and condemned to remove any disturbance to plaintiff therefrom, granting plaintiff the complete ownership and use of same and declaring these rights accordingly between the parties; plaintiff further prays for all general and equitable relief * * *.'

The system of fact pleading prevails in Louisiana. Under this system, pleading is the 'handmaid rather than the mistress' of justice. Unduly harsh or technical rules of pleading are not favored. Each pleading must be reasonably construed so as to afford the litigant his day in court, arrive at the truth, and do substantial justice. West v. Ray, 210 La. 25, 26 So.2d 221; Seale v. Stephens, 210 La. 1068, 29 So.2d 65; Florida Molasses Co. v. Berger, 220 La. 31, 55 So.2d 771; Breaux v. Laird, 230 La. 221, 88 So.2d 33. The characterization of the action by the parties is not controlling. State ex rel. Matt v. Rightor, 37 La.Ann. 843; Pfister v. St. Bernard Cypress Co., Limited, 155 La. 575, 99 So. 454; Schoultz v. Keller, 10 La.App. 138, 120 So. 232. In the present case, the respondent concedes, both in brief and argument, that all of the essential allegations of a petitory action are present in the petition. The prayer clearly seeks executory and coercive relief characteristic of a direct action. A consideration of the petition leads to the inevitable conclusion that the proceeding is in fact a...