A. F. Jones & Sons v. Republic Supply Co.
| Decision Date | 12 March 1952 |
| Docket Number | No. A-3438,A-3438 |
| Citation | 246 S.W.2d 853,151 Tex. 90 |
| Parties | A. F. JONES & SONS et al. v. REPUBLIC SUPPLY CO. |
| Court | Texas Supreme Court |
Cecil, Keith & Mehaffy Beaumont, for petitioners.
Orgain, Bell & Tucker, Beaumont, for respondent.
This was a suit for damages brought by respondent against petitioners in the County Court at Law of Jefferson County, Texas. Judgment was rendered and entered in favor of respondent on January 30, 1951. On February 5, 1951 the trial court granted petitioners leave to file a motion for new trial. The motion for new trial was filed on February 14, 1951, and overruled on March 30, 1951 (all of which occurred at the same term of court at which the judgment was rendered).
The Court of Civil Appeals dismissed the appeal by Per Curiam opinion, holding in substance that under Rule 320 and Rule 5, Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, the trial court was without authority to enlarge the period for taking any action under the rules relating to new trials. 243 S.W.2d 196.
The petitioner has presented four related points of error in its application for writ of error, which, in fact, present but one question-the question being: Did the Court of Civil Appeals erroneously construe Rules 320 and 5, T. R. C. P., in holding, in effect, that notwithstanding the fact that a trial court has inherent jurisdiction over its judgments during the term, it does not have the inherent authority to disregard the plain language of Rule 320 and Rule 5, T.R.C.P., and enlarge the time for filing motions for new trial?
Rule 320 provides that a motion for new trial shall be made within two days after the rendition of judgment. Rule 5, after setting out what the court may, in its discretion, do, specifically provides what it may not do in the following language: '* * * but it may not enlarge the period for taking any action under the rules relating to new trials or motions for rehearing except as stated in the rules relating thereto or the period for taking an appeal or writ of error from the trial court to any higher court or the period for application for writ of error in the Supreme Court, except as stated in the rules relating thereto.'
Federal Rule 6(b), 28 U.S.C.A., the source of Rule 5, T.R.C.P., became effective September 16, 1938. Subsequent to this date and before the promulgation of the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, including Rule 5, the Federal Courts had occasion to interpret Rule 6(b).
In the case of Theiss v. Owens-Illinois Glass Co., D.C.W.D.Pa.1940, 1 F.R.D. 175, the Court said:
'On January 19, 1940, the court struck from the record in this case the plaintiff's motion for a new trial, because of non-compliance with Rule 59(b), Rules of Civil Procedure, 28 U.S.C.A. following section 723c, in that the plaintiff's motion for a new trial was not served within ten days after the entry of judgment.
'We are of the opinion that we cannot now enlarge the time of serving the motion for a new trial, for Rule 6(b) specifically states that the court 'may not enlarge the period for taking any action under Rule 59, except as stated in subdivision (c) thereof.'
'We therefore deny the motion to set aside the order of court striking the plaintiff's motion for a new trial.'
In Nachod & United States Signal Co., Inc. v. Automatic Signal Corporation, D.C. D.Conn.1940, 32 F.Supp. 588, 590, the court was discussing Rule 6(b) (), the court refused to enlarge the time, and made the following statement: 'It is consistent within the self-contained limitations in Rule 6(b). For 6(b) itself provides that
Rule 6(b) contained a strict limitation upon the right to file a motion for new trial after the filing period had expired. In the light of the interpretation of Rule 6(b) given by the Federal Courts, this court promulgated Rule 5. In plain and specific language, it contains the same provision as Rule 6(b), which denies the trial court the right to enlarge the period for filing a motion for new trial as a basis for an appeal.
Petitioner relies most strongly upon Eagle Lake Improvement Co. v. United States, 5 Cir., 141 F.2d 562, Gage v. Dallas Power & Light Company, Tex.Civ.App., 241 S.W.2d 196, and Texas State Highway Department v. Edens, Tex.Civ.App., 174 S.W.2d 54, which hold that the trial judge, since he has inherent jurisdiction over the court's judgments during the term, may entertain a motion for new trial filed after the expiration of the two-day period. As said in the Eagle Lake Improvement Co. v. United States case, supra (141 F.2d 563), the trial court has the inherent power to 'alter, modify, or set aside its judgments'. We agree with that statement, but we do not think that the trial court's powers go beyond that. Here the trial court did not seek to alter, modify or set aside its judgment, which it has the inherent power to do, but sought to extend the time for filing a motion for new trial as is specifically prohibited by Rule 5, T.R.C.P.
In the case of Gage v. Dallas Power & Light Co., supra (241 S.W.2d 197), appellee filed a motion to dismiss the appeal (1) for failure of appellants to file a motion for new trial within two days after entry of judgment; and (2) for failure of appellants to file their appeal bond within thirty days after rendition of judgment. In passing on this motion, the Court of Civil Appeals correctly stated: 'Under Rule 5 the trial court had no authority or discretion to extend the time for filing motion for new trial.' However, the motion to dismiss the appeal was overruled on the theory that the act of the court in...
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...inherent powers in the following instances: to change, set aside or otherwise control their judgments, A. F. Jones & Sons v. Republic Supply Co., 151 Tex. 90, 246 S.W.2d 853 (1952); Nevitt v. Wilson, 116 Tex. 29, 285 S.W. 1079 (1926); Townes v. Lattimore, 114 Tex. 511, 272 S.W. 435 (1925); ......
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