Flaherty v. State, CR

• Decision Date: 05 December 1988
• Docket Number: No. CR,CR
• Citation: 297 Ark. 198,761 S.W.2d 167
• Parties: Alvin FLAHERTY, Lonnie Flurry, and Glenn Sexton, Appellants, v. STATE of Arkansas, Appellee. 88-69.
• Court: Arkansas Supreme Court

Page 167

761 S.W.2d 167

297 Ark. 198

Alvin FLAHERTY, Lonnie Flurry, and Glenn Sexton, Appellants, v. STATE of Arkansas, Appellee.

No. CR 88-69.

Supreme Court of Arkansas.

Dec. 5, 1988.

J. Randolph Shock, John R. Van Winkle, Gary D. Person, Fort Smith, for appellants.

Theodore Holder, Asst. Atty. Gen., Little Rock, for appellee.

HICKMAN, Justice.

We affirm this appeal from an order denying relief under A.R.Cr.P. Rule 37.

The three appellants were charged with capital murder in the shooting death of Wayne Lanier. On January 29, 1986, they pled guilty to the reduced charge of first degree murder and each received a forty year sentence.

In 1987 they filed petitions for postconviction relief, asserting numerous reasons for setting aside their pleas. The issues we deal with are whether a factual basis existed for the guilty pleas, whether the pleas were voluntary, and whether Glenn Sexton was denied effective assistance of counsel. After a hearing, the trial court denied the relief requested. We affirm.

It is significant that the appellants put on no evidence at all to support their petitions. The record of the plea hearing reflects that the court asked the prosecutor what evidence the state had against the three defendants. He also asked the appellants' attorneys if a factual basis existed and they replied that it did. But the appellants claim the court failed to comply with A.R.Cr.P. Rule 24.6 since they were not asked if they were pleading guilty because they were in fact guilty.

As we point out in Furr v. State, 297 Ark. 233, 761 S.W.2d 160 (1988) decided this same date, the better practice is to ask the accused if he committed the acts with which he is charged. But failure to do so will not automatically result in setting aside a guilty plea. A.R.Cr.P. Rule 24.6 contains no requirement that the accused be addressed personally.

A factual basis for the guilty pleas can be supplied at the Rule 37 hearing. Branham v. State, 292 Ark. 355, 730 S.W.2d 226 (1987). At the Rule 37 proceeding in this case, the state introduced the written statement of a witness to the crime, Charles Henson. The statement clearly implicated all three appellants.

The appellants objected to the use of Henson's statement claiming it was hearsay. They misunderstand a Rule 37 hearing. It is not a trial. The petitioners have the burden of proof--not the state. The petitioners offered no proof. Actually, Henson's statement was not hearsay; it was not presented to show the truth of Henson's accusations. It was presented to show that had the defendants stood trial, evidence was available to convict them. A.R.E. Rule 801(c). All the defendants knew of Henson's statement and it affected their decision to plead guilty. We uphold the trial judge's finding that a factual basis existed.

The trial judge must also determine if the plea is voluntary. He must ask the defendant whether any force or threats, or any promises, apart from the plea bargain, were used to induce the plea. A.R.Cr.P. Rule 24.5. But substantial compliance with the rule is all that is necessary. If there are deficiencies in the record of the plea hearing, they can be remedied at the Rule 37 hearing. Reed v. State, 276 Ark. 318, 635 S.W.2d 472 (1982).

At the sentencing hearing, the judge asked the defendants if they understood the nature of the charges against them and the terms of the plea bargain. Each answered yes. Before entering their pleas in court, each defendant had also signed a plea statement in which it was asked, "Are you entering your plea of guilty on your own free will and accord without anyone causing you to do so on account of any promises or threats?" All signed the statement, answering yes. At the hearing, the judge asked the men if they understood the statements and had discussed them with their attorneys. Again, they answered yes. None of this was refuted at the Rule 37 hearing.

In Simmons v. State, 265 Ark. 48, 578 S.W.2d 12 (1979), the plea statement and the appellant's acknowledgement that he understood the charges and the plea arrangement were sufficient to show the plea was voluntary. There is an even stronger case against these petitioners.

First, the three attorneys for the petitioners, all experienced lawyers, said their initial strategy was to attack the weaknesses in the state's case. But when the Charles Henson statement came to light, the strategy changed and the appellants decided to plead guilty to a reduced charge. They said that Henson's statement and the desire to avoid the death penalty inspired the guilty pleas.

The burden was on the petitioners to prove their allegations for postconviction relief, and we will not overturn the trial court's finding unless it is clearly wrong. Branham v. State, supra; Robbins v. State, 288 Ark. 311, 705 S.W.2d 6 (1986). Considering the lack of evidence presented by the appellants, we cannot say the trial court's ruling was wrong.

Finally we consider appellant Sexton's allegation of ineffective assistance of counsel...