Garner v. Becton

Decision Date17 July 1948
Citation212 S.W.2d 890
PartiesGARNER v. BECTON et al.
CourtTennessee Supreme Court

Appeal from Chancery Court, Shelby County; L. D. Bejach, Chancellor.

Suit under the declaratory judgment act by Mary Mason Garner against Fannie Becton and others for a construction of the will of Clara Taylor, deceased. From a decree in favor of the plaintiff, the defendants appeal.

Decree reversed and declaratory judgment entered in accordance with opinion.

T. B. Passmore, of Memphis, for appellants.

No attorney for appellee.

BURNETT, Justice.

This suit calls for the construction of the will of Clara Taylor. Omitting the preamble and concluding clause of the will the disposing clauses are as follows:

"Item I. I will to Fannie Becton and Georgia Jones my household goods and my home at 2278 Marble Street; Memphis, Tennessee, to take possession of it after my death.

"Item II. I further declare that the above named persons share a part of this property with my cousin, Mary Mason Garner, as long as she lives, if she desires it.

"Item III. After the death of the three above named parties, I will the said property to my church, Springdale Baptist Church, on Hunter street in Memphis, Tennessee & said property not to be sold."

This suit was filed by the named beneficiary under item II of the will against all other legatees, including the trustees of the named church, and the executrix for a declaratory judgment under the Declaratory Judgments Act, Code sections 8835-8847. All parties were before the court by service of process. No answer or defense was made. The parties apparently were satisfied to be bound by the construction placed on the will without asserting any rights. The Chancellor was "of opinion that Item I of the will gives to Fannie Becton and Georgia Jones all of the property of the Testatrix, both real and personal, the real property in fee simple and the personal property in absolute ownerships. The latter proviso in Items II and III, in the opinion of the Court are not such clear and unambiguous changes or modification of same as to take away from Fannie Becton and Georgia Jones the gift already clearly made in Item I."

It is a well recognized rule, universally in force, that the courts will endeavor to ascertain and enforce the intention of the testator, except where forbidden by positive rules of law. This intention is to be ascertained from a consideration of the will as a whole and not from its disjointed fragments.

In the first item of the...

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9 cases
  • Nashville Elec. Supply Co., Inc. v. Kay Industries, Inc.
    • United States
    • Tennessee Court of Appeals
    • July 25, 1975
    ...points out that the guaranty letter was written without the benefit of skilled legal counsel. Appellant cites Garner v. Becton, 187 Tenn. 34, 212 S.W.2d 890 (1948) and Trimble v. Holley, 49 Tenn.App. 638, 358 S.W.2d 343 (1962); however, those cases involved the drafting of wills which are u......
  • Lewis v. Darnell
    • United States
    • Tennessee Court of Appeals
    • December 1, 1978
    ...wills, and it is, therefore, the duty of the court to give more liberality toward the construction of the instrument. Garner v. Becton, 187 Tenn. 34, 212 S.W.2d 890 (1948). The beneficiary of the "church" trust was the mission program of the church "that lost souls may hear about and know m......
  • Broach v. City of Hampton
    • United States
    • Arkansas Supreme Court
    • October 29, 1984
    ...is created when property is devised or conveyed with the limitation that it not be alienated. Simes, at 237. See Garner v. Becton, 187 Tenn. 34, 212 S.W.2d 890 (1948). All disabling restraints are void except those restraints on alienation incidental to spendthrift trusts. Simes, at 238. Se......
  • Webb v. Webb
    • United States
    • Tennessee Court of Appeals
    • July 10, 1964
    ...Burdick v. Gilpin, 205 Tenn. 94, 325 S.W.2d 547; Burton v. Kinney, 191 Tenn. 1, 231 S.W.2d 356, 19 A.L.R.2d 366; Garner v. Becton, 187 [53 TENNAPP 613] Tenn. 34, 212 S.W.2d 890; American Nat. Bank v. Mander, 36 Tenn.App. 220, 253 S.W.2d Where the will was drafted by the testator without leg......
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1 books & journal articles
  • A Will for Willa Cather.
    • United States
    • Missouri Law Review Vol. 83 No. 3, June 2018
    • June 22, 2018
    ...encumbrance be placed upon this land or that it be sold was nonbinding as merely precatory instructions). (459.) E.g., Garner v. Becton, 212 S.W.2d 890, 891 (Tenn. 1948); Loehr v. Kincan-non, 834 S.W.2d 445, 446-47 (Tex. Ct. App. 1992). But see Shriners Hosps. for Children v. First Nat'l Ba......

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