Gilchrist v. State
Decision Date | 06 June 2001 |
Docket Number | No. 3D00-743.,3D00-743. |
Citation | 784 So.2d 624 |
Parties | Maurice GILCHRIST, Appellant, v. The STATE of Florida, Appellee. |
Court | Florida District Court of Appeals |
Bennett H. Brummer, Miami, Public Defender and Andrew Stanton, Assistant Public Defender, for appellant.
Robert A. Butterworth, Attorney General and Fredericka Sands, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee.
Before SCHWARTZ, C.J., and COPE and GODERICH, JJ.
ON MOTION FOR REHEARING
We grant the state's motion for rehearing of our previous reversal and, upon reconsideration after oral argument, now affirm the judgment below. As accurately portrayed by Judge Cope, the facts of the case obviously implicate and require the interpretation of the various Florida cases as to when a possession conviction may properly be based on an unmeasurably tiny quantity of contraband. See Lord v. State, 616 So.2d 1065 (Fla. 3d DCA 1993); Lupper v. State, 663 So.2d 1337 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994); Jones v. State, 589 So.2d 1001 (Fla. 3d DCA 1991). While these cases contain language, mostly in dictum, which may be used to support either result,1 we think that, taken as a whole, they entirely support our present conclusion that the evidence was sufficient to sustain the conviction.
This is so because, as in each of the determinative cases which so hold, the circumstances of this one—in which a residue of heroin was found inside a 10/16ths by 13/16ths of a inch "baggie" concealed in the shoe of an admitted heroin addict— negate any reasonable, commonsensible possibility that the contraband came only inadvertently into the defendant's possession. See Jones, 589 So.2d at 1001 ( ); Evans v. State, 543 So.2d 326 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989) ( ); see also Lupper v. State, 663 So.2d 1337 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994); Townsend v. State, 781 So.2d 541, (Fla. 5th DCA 2001); State v. Mayabb, 43 S.W.3d 429 (2001)(visible trace of methamphetamine on ink barrel found in defendant's pocket and unweighable residue found on items in defendant's house); State v. Carter, 773 So.2d 268 (La.App. 4 Cir.2000)(unweighable amount of heroin in foil packet and beer bottle cap on confessed heroin user); Joseph v. State, 897 S.W.2d 374 (Tex.Crim.App.1995)(defendant found holding syringe containing trace amount of cocaine); Scott v. State, 825 S.W.2d 521 (Tex.App.1992)(trace amount of cocaine found in baggies hidden in defendant's pants); Thomas v. State, 807 S.W.2d 786 (Tex.App.1991)(unweighable amount of cocaine found in two baggies in defendant's wallet), pet. for review dismissed, 840 S.W.2d 958 (1992); State v. White, 535 So.2d 929 (La.App. 2 Cir. 1988)(PCP residue found in glass vial in defendant's jacket pocket), writ denied, 537 So.2d 1161 (1989); cf. Davis v. State, 784 So.2d 1225 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001)(Lord applied to cocaine trace on box cutter).
In contrast is Lord v. State, 616 So.2d at 1065, upon which the defendant and our initial opinion almost completely rely. Lord held only that the presence of trace amounts of cocaine on currency found in South Florida was not enough to establish that the defendant knew of its presence so as to hold him criminally liable for its possession. In Lupper, the court accurately characterized and distinguished Lord as follows:
Lupper, 663 So.2d at 1338-1339.
This analysis reveals that Lupper controls this case and that Lord does not. Among other things, we do not know that heroin, unlike cocaine, is found in every other dust mote even in South Florida; we can hardly equate United States currency to a minuscule drug container; and the contraband was found not on a surface upon which the heroin might have fallen but inside a receptacle where someone must have knowingly put it, and which itself had obviously deliberately been placed inside the defendant's shoe. See and compare the statements in Lord, that "the possession of an object that has a common legitimate use, which contains trace amounts of cocaine, without more, is [not] sufficient to sustain a felony conviction" [e.s.], 616 So.2d at 1066; that "unlike in Jones, trace amounts of [cocaine] were found on circulating currency," id. at 1066; and that "the mere presence of trace amounts of cocaine on...
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...with the majority opinion, albeit reluctantly. See Peterson v. State , 841 So.2d 661, 662–63 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003) ; Gilchrist v. State , 784 So.2d 624 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001).1 The following additional items of contraband were found in and around Brown's home: nine grams of ecstasy, forty-three p......
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White v. State, No. 3D00-1296
...Taylor, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee. Before GERSTEN, GODERICH, and SHEVIN, JJ. PER CURIAM. Affirmed. See Gilchrist v. State, 784 So.2d 624 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001). ...