Gilpin Inv. Co. v. Perigo Mines Co., 21080

• Decision Date: 19 December 1966
• Docket Number: No. 21080,21080
• Citation: 421 P.2d 477,161 Colo. 252
• Parties: GILPIN INVESTMENT CO., a corporation, Plaintiff in Error, v. PERIGO MINES COMPANY, a corporation, Sleeping Giant Company, a corporation, Defendants in Error.
• Court: Colorado Supreme Court

Page 477

421 P.2d 477

161 Colo. 252

GILPIN INVESTMENT CO., a corporation, Plaintiff in Error, v. PERIGO MINES COMPANY, a corporation, Sleeping Giant Company a corporation, Defendants in Error.

No. 21080.

Supreme Court of Colorado, In Department.

Dec. 19, 1966.

Rehearing Denied Jan. 9, 1967.

Elias J. Candell, Lakewood, for plaintiff in error.

Albert B. Dawkins, Denver, for defendants in error.

SCHAUER, Justice.

The parties appear here in the order of their appearance in the trial court. Defendants named in the complaint, other than Perigo Mines Company and Sleeping Giant Company, were in default and have made no appearance before this court. The defendants Perigo Mines Company and Sleeping Giant Company, appearing herein, will be appropriately referred to.

The property involved in the controversy is a placer mining claim in Gilpin County, Colorado. It was variously referred to in the testimony, but its identity is not in question. It is described as:

'The John Q. A. Rollins et al Placer Claim upon Gamble Gulch, Survey No. 340, Mineral District No. 1, Independent Mining District, Gilpin County, Colorado. Also commonly known as Gamble Gulch Placer, Survey No. 340, Gilpin County, Colorado.'

This placer claim is two miles long and 330 feet wide, and lies in a valley with the boundaries of the tract sloping up on either side. A small stream runs its entire length. Over the years, and up to the present time, rains and surface water have been washing gravel down the slopes, leaving on the surface of the claim a light deposit containing flecks of gold and other valuable minerals.

In its complaint, plaintiff alleges its ownership of a six-acre tract, a part of the placer claim, described as follows:

'Beginning at Patent Corner No. 10 of Gamble Gulch Placer, Survey No. 340; thence to Patent Corner No. 11 thereof; thence to Patent Corner No. 12 thereof; thence to Patent Corner No. 13 thereof; thence to the point of beginning, containing about six acres of land, together with the water rights appertaining thereto, * * *.'

Plaintiff describes the deeds and documents constituting its chain of title and asks for reformation thereof in order that the property and plaintiff's rights in connection therewith may be properly described. It also claims title under the seven-year statute of limitations, and ask for a decree adjudging it to be the owner of all loose minerals on the tract claimed, or in the alternative, the loose minerals that have been deposited thereon since the date it obtained title to the tract.

In their answer, defendants set out a counterclaim. Sleeping Giant Company, as a grantee of Perigo Mines Company, alleges its ownership of the entire placer claim and asks that its title thereto be quieted as against the plaintiff.

In essence, this is a quiet title action, involving not only the title to the surface of the lands in controversy, but also title to the minerals and the mineral rights on and underlying the surface, the water rights appertaining to the land, the right to build and use wagon roads thereon, and the right of way of the existing public road across the same. Since it was tried as a quiet title action, each party was required to assume the burden of establishing by competent evidence its title to the lands respectively claimed.

It is agreed that on December 5, 1921, the Perigo Mining Company was the owner of the subject property. The chain of title of each of the parties hereto may well be traced from that date. Plaintiff bases its title to the tract claimed upon the following deeds and documents (We have added the emphasis indicated.):

1. Warranty Deed, dated December 5, 1921, from Perigo Mines Company to Henry F. Christenson, which conveys a tract of six acres, described by metes and bounds, together with the water rights to the land. The following exception and reservation is material:

'Excepting and reserving, all Mineral rights, and the right of ingress to and egress from and to Mine any part of said land that is not covered with buildings; reserving also right to use or build wagon roads across said lands. Also the right of way of the public road as now used is hereby reserved from this conveyance.'

2. Warranty Deed, dated September 21, 1922, from Henry F. Christenson to The Maryland Mines & Reduction Company, which conveys several lode mining claims and:

'Also, 1000 feet by 300 feet in what is known as the J.Q.A. Rollins Placer Claim, Survey number Three Hundred and Forty (340) in Gamble Gulch, as recorded in book 171, Page 404 in the recorders office, Gilpin Co. Colo. May 8th 1922. Subject to Mineral and Road Rights. * * * Subject to all General and Special Taxes.'

3. Tax Sale Certificate of Purchase No. 19727, issued by the County Treasurer of Gilpin County to Gilpin County on December 24, 1932. It shows the sale on December 24, 1932, for the delinquent taxes for the year 1931, to Gilpin County of 'Six acres of Surface Ground of Gamble Gulch Placer,' Survey No. 340, assessed to Maryland Mines and Reduction Co. Endorsements show payment of subsequent taxes for the years 1932 to 1955, both inclusive.

4. County Treasurer's Deed, dated October 24, 1956, from the County Treasurer of Gilpin County to Gilpin County of several lode claims, and 'Six...