Godlewski v. State
Decision Date | 20 June 2002 |
Docket Number | No. A02A0242.,A02A0242. |
Citation | 256 Ga. App. 35,567 S.E.2d 704 |
Parties | GODLEWSKI v. The STATE. |
Court | Georgia Court of Appeals |
OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE
Saia, Richardson & Meinken, Joseph J. Saia, Peachtree City, for appellant.
Keith C. Martin, Solicitor-General, for appellee.
Proceeding pro se following a citation for speeding, Ronald Godlewski was found guilty and fined $200. He appeals, contending that he did not knowingly and voluntarily waive his right to counsel.
The first question to be addressed is whether Godlewski was entitled to appointed defense counsel as a matter of right, and the answer to that question turns on whether he was sentenced to imprisonment. Jones v. Wharton, 253 Ga. 82, 83, 316 S.E.2d 749 (1984). Counsel need not be appointed for defendants in misdemeanor cases, however, when defendants are not sentenced to a term of imprisonment. Capelli v. State, 203 Ga.App. 79(1), 416 S.E.2d 136 (1992). Further, last month the United States Supreme Court held that even imposition of a suspended sentence to confinement "that may `end up in the actual deprivation of a person's liberty'" may not be imposed unless the defendant was provided counsel. Alabama v. Shelton, ___ U.S. ___, 122 S.Ct. 1764, 1767, 152 L.Ed.2d 888 (2002).
Unless otherwise provided for with respect to particular offenses, violations of the traffic code are misdemeanors, and penalties for violating the traffic code will be as provided for in OCGA § 17-10-3. OCGA § 40-6-1(a); Chastain v. State, 231 Ga.App. 225, 228(4), 498 S.E.2d 792 (1998). Although under OCGA § 17-10-3(a)(1) and (2), Godlewski could have been sentenced to confinement, he was not entitled to appointed counsel because the sentence actually imposed did not include imprisonment.
That, however, does not end our inquiry. Deren v. State, 237 Ga.App. 387, 388, 515 S.E.2d 191 (1999).
A criminal defendant has a constitutional right to be defended by counsel of his own selection whenever he is willing and able to employ such counsel. A criminal defendant may forfeit his right to counsel by a knowing and intelligent waiver. Since [Godlewski] pled not guilty and went to trial the state must also prove that the decision to proceed pro se was made knowingly and intelligently.
(Citations and punctuation omitted.) Id.
(Citations and punctuation omitted.) Hamilton v. State, 233 Ga.App. 463, 466(1)(b), 504 S.E.2d 236 (1998).
Although no particular questions are required as evidence of this waiver, "the record must reflect that the defendant was made aware of the dangers of self-representation, and nevertheless made a knowing and intelligent waiver." (Citation and punctuation omitted.) State v. Watson, 244 Ga.App. 484, 536 S.E.2d 170 (2000). The State may carry this burden by showing a valid waiver through either a trial transcript or other extrinsic evidence. Dunn v. State, 234 Ga. App. 623, 625(3), 507 S.E.2d 170 (1998).
Although Godlewski's brief asserts that he appeared, without counsel, on the day of trial expecting only that he would be arraigned and the trial court refused his request for a continuance...
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Alford v. The State
...may carry this burden by showing a valid waiver through either a trial transcript or other extrinsic evidence.” Godlewski v. State, 256 Ga.App. 35, 36, 567 S.E.2d 704 (2002). Pointing out that the record in this case offers no explanation as to why defendant lacked counsel, the State argues......
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Bush v. State
...As stated earlier, "the trial court does not have to ask any particular questions." Tucci, supra at 475(1), 565 S.E.2d 831. See Godlewski v. State.15 Rather, each case depends on its own facts and circumstances. Reviere, supra at 330(1), 498 S.E.2d 332. The record need only reflect that, aw......
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Barnes v. State, A01A0624.
...valid waiver through either a trial transcript or other extrinsic evidence. (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Godlewski v. State, 256 Ga.App. 35, 36, 567 S.E.2d 704 (2002). Here, the only evidence of Barnes' waiver of either appointed or retained counsel is the document in the record ent......
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Banks v. State
...or other extrinsic evidence[,]” including an appropriate pretrial waiver form. Id. at 702, 678 S.E.2d 160 (citing Godlewski v. State, 256 Ga.App. 35, 36, 567 S.E.2d 704 (2002) ). See also Tucci v. State, 255 Ga.App. 474, 476(1), 565 S.E.2d 831 (2002). However,[i]n order for the State to use......