Hankins v. Somers

• Decision Date: 06 February 1979
• Docket Number: No. 7819SC181,7819SC181
• Court: North Carolina Court of Appeals
• Parties: Donald Reid HANKINS v. Robert Vance SOMERS, John Hann, Martha Greenway, and Youth Opportunities Unlimited.

Page 640

251 S.E.2d 640

39 N.C.App. 617

Donald Reid HANKINS v. Robert Vance SOMERS, John Hann, Martha Greenway, and Youth

Opportunities Unlimited.

No. 7819SC181.

Court of Appeals of North Carolina.

Feb. 6, 1979.

Brinkley, Walser, McGirt & Miller by Walter F. Brinkley, Lexington, for defendant-appellant Somers.

Somers & Eagle, Kenneth L. Eagle, Salisbury, for defendants-appellants Hann, Greenway and YOU.

No counsel for plaintiff-appellee.

ARNOLD, Judge.

Denial of a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted is not a final determination within the meaning of G.S. 1-277(a), does not affect a substantial right, and is not appealable. North Carolina Consumers Power, Inc. v. Duke Power Co., 285 N.C. 434, 206 S.E.2d 178 (1974), and cases cited therein. Appeal by defendant Somers is therefore premature and must be dismissed.

The other defendants, however, are entitled by G.S. 1-277(b) to an immediate appeal of the denial of their motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction.

Plaintiff alleges that defendants Hann and Greenway are residents of Georgia and that defendant YOU is a general partnership having its principal office and place of business in Georgia. He alleges that in approximately November of 1976 they entered into a conspiracy with defendant Somers, a North Carolina resident, to copy and market his idea, and that defendant Somers acted as both partner and agent of the Georgia defendants.

Defendants Hann and Greenway, in support of their motion to dismiss, filed affidavits that they are residents of Georgia and general partners in defendant YOU; that YOU has its principal and only office in Georgia and has never had an office in North Carolina; that there are no other partners, either general or limited, in the business; that YOU has no directors or salesmen in North Carolina; that to the best of the affiants' knowledge no YOU products have ever been sold in North Carolina; and that defendant Somers is not a partner, the attorney or the agent of YOU.

Plaintiff filed an affidavit in opposition to the motion to dismiss. He stated that defendants Hann and Greenway had sold the products of another business in which they were engaged in North Carolina to a substantial extent, and that YOU placed an advertisement identical to plaintiff's advertisement for AYE in a national magazine. He further alleged on information and belief that defendant Somers, as a partner in and agent of YOU, solicited several North Carolina residents to write to plaintiff for material about his marketing program, so that the material could be passed on to YOU.

Error is first assigned to the failure of the court to make findings of fact in support of the denial of their motion to dismiss. G.S. 1A-1, Rule 52(a)(2) provides that the judge need not make findings of fact when ruling upon a motion unless required by Rule 41(b) or requested by a party to do so. No request was made in this case. "It is presumed, when the Court is not required to find facts . . . and does not do so, that the court on proper evidence found facts to support its judgment." Sherwood v. Sherwood, 29 N.C.App. 112, 113-14, 223 S.E.2d 509, 510-11 (1976).

Defendants also contend that plaintiff's evidence in opposition to the motion was not credible because the complaint was unverified and the affidavit contained statements sworn to on information and belief. G.S. 1A-1, Rule 11(a) provides that generally pleadings need not be verified, so no lack of credibility is implied by the absence of a verification. In support of their contention that any matters contained in plaintiff's affidavit on information and belief should be stricken, defendants argue that the requirement of G.S. 1A-1, Rule 56(e) that affidavits on motions for summary judgment "shall be made on personal knowledge, shall set forth such facts as would be admissible in evidence, and shall show affirmatively that the affiant is competent to testify to the matters stated therein" should be read into G.S. 1A-1, Rule 43(e). To the extent that Rule 43(e) applies to a motion to dismiss, we agree. A motion to dismiss can result in termination of a lawsuit just as much as a motion for summary judgment. Accordingly, the judge should rely only on material that would be admissible at trial in ruling on the motion.

We thus consider whether there were sufficient allegations based upon plaintiff's personal knowledge to support the exercise of personal jurisdiction over the Georgia defendants. G.S. 1-75.4 sets out the grounds for personal jurisdiction. G.S. 1-75.4(3) deals with injury arising from an act or omission within the State. Here the only allegation of a local act or omission on the part of defendant YOU is the allegation that defendant Somers as partner in and agent of YOU did some acts of the conspiracy within North Carolina. As this allegation was based only upon plaintiff's information and belief, it was not properly before the trial court...