Harris v. State, CA
| Decision Date | 15 May 1985 |
| Docket Number | No. CA,CA |
| Citation | 15 Ark.App. 58,689 S.W.2d 353 |
| Parties | Clarence HARRIS, Appellant, v. STATE of Arkansas, Appellee. CR 84-138. |
| Court | Arkansas Court of Appeals |
Joe O'Bryan, Cabot, for appellant.
Steve Clark, Atty. Gen. by Joyce Rayburn Greene, Asst. Atty. Gen., Little Rock, for appellee.
The appellant was convicted in a non-jury trial of the crime of rape. He was charged under Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41-1803(1)(c) (Repl.1977) which provides that engaging in deviate sexual activity with a person less than eleven years old constitutes rape. At the time of trial on January 30, 1984, the appellant was 76 years old. He was sentenced to ten years in the Arkansas Department of Correction.
Appellant's first argument is that the evidence is not sufficient to support his conviction. One definition of deviate sexual activity is "any act of sexual gratification involving the penetration, however slight, of the anus or mouth of one person by the penis of another person." Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41-1801(1)(a) (Repl.1977). There is evidence in this case that on the day the offense occurred, the appellant was at a house across the street from where a little boy and his sister and mother lived. The boy, who lacked a month being ten years old, had known the appellant for some time and had gone places with him on previous occasions. On the day involved, the boy asked appellant if he could go home with him. The appellant told the boy he would have to get permission. The boy's mother was working, but he got permission from his 16-year-old sister to go home with appellant.
The boy testified that he fixed and ate some breakfast after they got to appellant's house, and the appellant then led him into a bedroom where appellant took the boy's shirt off and pulled his pants down. The boy also testified that appellant put his mouth on the boy's penis and then had the boy do the same to him. At this time the boy's sister and a lady friend of hers knocked on appellant's door. They testified that when the boy and appellant came to the door, the boy's shirt, shoes, and socks were off and he was wearing only his trousers. It was also their testimony that the appellant's pants were unzipped and his belt unbuckled. After some words with the appellant, the sister and her friend took the boy home.
Basically, appellant contends that the evidence is not sufficient to permit a finding that there was penetration as required by the statute. He admits that there was evidence of sexual contact, but not penetration. However, when asked if the appellant placed his mouth over the boy's penis, the boy said, "Yes, sir." In Hoggard v. State, 277 Ark. 117, 640 S.W.2d 102 (1982), the court said evidence that the accused put the child's penis in the accused's mouth was sufficient to show the commission of rape by deviate sexual activity. On appeal in criminal cases, we view the evidence in the light most favorable to the appellee, Phillips v. State, 271 Ark. 96, 607 S.W.2d 664 (1980) and, whether tried by judge or jury, we will affirm if there is substantial evidence to support the finding of the trier of fact, Holloway v. State, 11 Ark.App. 69, 666 S.W.2d 410 (1984). Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion. Surridge v. State, 279 Ark. 183, 650 S.W.2d 561 (1983). We think there was substantial evidence to support the court's finding in the present case.
Appellant's second point is that the trial judge erred in holding that the appellant was not eligible for probation. Although both defense counsel and the prosecutor indicated their agreement that some form of probation would be proper, the judge sentenced appellant to ten years and said, under the acts of the Arkansas Legislature, he had no power to suspend the sentence or grant probation.
We think the court was correct. Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41-1803(2) (Supp.1983) provides that rape is a class Y felony. Section 41-803(1) (Supp.1983) states that sentencing must be in accordance with that article and subsection (3) requires that a defendant convicted of a class Y felony be sentenced "to a term of imprisonment in accordance with Chapter 9." That chapter contains sections 41-901 through 41-904, and section 41-901(1)(a) (Supp.1983) provides that the sentence for a class Y felony shall be not less than ten years imprisonment nor more than 40 years or life.
The appellant argues that Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41-1201 (Repl.1977) allows a suspended sentence or probation unless the defendant is convicted of capital murder, murder in the first or second degree, first degree rape, kidnapping or aggravated robbery. Appellant further contends that because of the adoption of the Arkansas Criminal Code the old crime of first degree rape, as provided by Act 362 of 1967, see Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41-3401 (Supp.1967), was not in effect at the time of the occurrence of the offense for which he was convicted. Thus, appellant argues, he was not convicted of first degree rape and under Ark.Stat.Ann § 41-1201, supra, he could be granted a suspended sentence or probation.
This argument overlooks Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41-803(3), supra, which provides that a defendant convicted of a class Y felony must be sentenced to imprisonment under Chapter 9. Therefore, he cannot be given a suspended sentence or probation under section 41-1201 which is a part of Chapter 12, and the trial court was correct in stating that he had no power to grant appellant a suspended sentence or probation.
Affirmed.
I disagree with Judge Glaze that the matter of alternative sentencing is being raised for the first time on appeal.
After the judge found the appellant guilty, he inquired as to whether either side had anything additional to present. The appellant's attorney advised the court that the appellant was now away from children, that the appellant's health was bad, and that the appellant was not opposed to counseling. Counsel observed that, in light of the appellant's age (he was 76) any incarceration would be ill-advised. Counsel then stated that "I would ask the Court to consider his age and what he has tried to do so that this likelihood would not or could not re-occur." The prosecutor then noted that the family of the victim did not wish to see the appellant spend the rest of his life in jail, but that they did want his activities to be supervised, that he seek counseling, and stay away from small children. The judge then noted that the court had no power to suspend the sentence because of the actions of the legislature.
Although the appellant's attorney did not use the magic words, "suspend imposition of sentence" or "suspended sentence", it is obvious to me that both attorneys and the trial judge knew that what was being discussed was some form of alternative sentencing, with conditions which would include supervision and counseling.
I think the issue of alternative sentencing was properly raised before the trial court, is properly before us, and involves the application, rather than interpretation, of the relevant statutory provisions, although I concede that the concepts of "application" versus "interpretation" is elusive.
Appellant argues for the first...
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