Hartwell's Office World, Inc. v. Systex Corp.

• Decision Date: 27 February 1980
• Docket Number: No. B2249,B2249
• Parties: HARTWELL'S OFFICE WORLD, INC., Appellant, v. SYSTEX CORPORATION et al., Appellees. (14th Dist.)
• Court: Texas Court of Appeals

Page 636

598 S.W.2d 636

HARTWELL'S OFFICE WORLD, INC., Appellant, v. SYSTEX CORPORATION et al., Appellees.

No. B2249.

Court of Civil Appeals of Texas, Houston (14th Dist.).

Feb. 27, 1980.

Rehearing Denied April 2, 1980.

Original Opinion Ordered Withdrawn and Substitute Opinion

Delivered April 2,

1980.

Rehearing Denied April 23, 1980.

Charles J. Michael, Houston, for appellant.

Jack Swisher, Houston, for appellees.

Before COULSON, SALAZAR and JUNELL, JJ.

ON MOTION FOR REHEARING

SALAZAR, Justice.

On appellee's motion for rehearing, the court withdraws the original opinion filed February 27, 1980, and substitutes the following opinion. Appellees' motion for rehearing is overruled.

This is an appeal from a denial of a temporary injunction. Hartwell's Office World, Inc., as plaintiff, filed suit against Systex Corporation, Robert D. Gossett, Mike C. Smith and Brooks Valls as defendants, for breach of non-competition agreements and for a temporary injunction to enjoin the defendants from competing with plaintiff within the areas prohibited by the agreements. The district court denied the application for temporary injunction. Plaintiff appealed. We reverse and remand for issuance of an order temporarily enjoining appellees Systex and Gossett.

Appellant was the former employer of appellees Gossett, Smith and Valls, who were the top three salesmen of appellant. All three appellees quit working for appellant within a few weeks of each other in 1979. It was stipulated by the parties that Gossett, Smith and Valls formed Systex Corporation and were the only three stockholders. It was further stipulated that Gossett, Smith and Valls had executed employment contracts containing non-competition clauses, and that Gossett, Smith, Valls and Systex Corporation were in direct competition with appellant and were selling competitive lines in areas prohibited by the employment contracts. (The injunction question is moot as to Smith and Valls, whose employment contracts contained one-year non-competition clauses, but not as to Gossett, whose contract contained a five-year non-competition clause.)

The function of a temporary injunction is to maintain the status quo of the subject matter of the suit so that the court's ability to render a final decision on the merits will be preserved. To prevail on an application for temporary injunction, an applicant need only plead a cause of action and show a probable right on final trial to the relief he seeks and probable injury in the interim. Sun Oil Co. v. Whitaker, 424 S.W.2d 216, 218 (Tex.1968).

The trial court has great discretion in granting or denying a temporary injunction, and its action will not be disturbed on appeal unless a clear abuse of discretion is shown. Texas Foundries v. International Moulders & Foundry Workers' Union, 151 Tex. 239, 248 S.W.2d 460 (1952).

In reviewing the order denying the temporary injunction, we must draw all legitimate inferences from the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court's judgment, even if we disapprove the reason given by the trial court for denying the temporary injunction. Smith Protective Services v. Robertson, 560 S.W.2d 174, 176 (Tex.Civ.App. Houston (1st Dist.) 1977, no writ).

The applicant has the burden of offering some evidence which establishes a probable right of recovery; he must show more than a mere possibility of injury. Camp v. Shannon, 162 Tex. 515, 348 S.W.2d 517, 519 (1961); see also Smith Protective Services v. Robertson, 560 S.W.2d at 177.

We have reviewed the evidence and have determined that Hartwell's Office World, Inc., has pled a cause of action, has shown a probable right to relief on the merits, and has shown probable injury in the interim.

Appellant specifically testified at the hearing that he was irreparably injured by the breach of the agreement not to compete, that he could not estimate the amount of damages sustained by the breach and that appellees were his top three salesmen. This is evidence of more than a mere possibility of injury. The only evidence appellees adduced to rebut appellant's claim was Gossett's declaration that Systex was willing to make available its records showing earnings on the products which were sold in direct competition with Hartwell's Office World, Inc. We do not believe this constituted evidence that appellant suffered no irreparable injury.

In order for the legal remedy to be adequate, it must give plaintiff complete, final and equal relief. Drever & Associates v. Batey, 572 S.W.2d 30, 33 (Tex.Civ.App. Houston (1st Dist.) 1978), aff'd and reformed 576 S.W.2d 35 (Tex.1979). In this case, mere reimbursement for profits lost would not afford complete, final and equal relief because appellees would still be able to compete in the area in violation of the express agreement not to compete. Non-competition agreements shall be upheld and are not against public policy unless they are unreasonable. Appellees do not claim, and we do not find, that this agreement is...