Hood v. State
Decision Date | 28 July 2000 |
Docket Number | No. A00A0893.,A00A0893. |
Citation | 245 Ga. App. 391,537 S.E.2d 788 |
Parties | HOOD v. The STATE. |
Court | Georgia Court of Appeals |
OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE
Thomas J. Killeen, for appellant.
Harry N. Gordon, District Attorney, James D. Love, Assistant District Attorney, for appellee.
Jamie Hood was tried before a jury and found guilty of armed robbery. On appeal he challenges the sufficiency of the evidence and further contends the trial court erred in (1) denying his motion in limine, (2) denying a motion for mistrial, and (3) overruling his challenge to the State's use of peremptory strikes. We affirm.
1. George McKeehan identified Hood as the man who put a gun to McKeehan's head, demanding money and threatening to kill McKeehan. McKeehan gave him $3, and Hood ran off. The victim's in-court identification of defendant is sufficient under the standard of Jackson v. Virginia1 to authorize the jury's verdict that Hood is guilty, beyond a reasonable doubt, of the armed robbery alleged in the indictment.2 The enumeration of the general grounds is without merit.
2. Hood next enumerates the denial of his motion in limine to exclude cross-examination of an alibi witness about when she had accused him of kidnapping and raping her.
In general, "[t]he state of a witness's feelings toward the parties and [her] relationship to them may always be proved for the consideration of the jury."3 In this case, proof that the alibi witness had accused Hood, her boyfriend, of kidnapping and rape but then declined to prosecute her paramour was relevant and admissible to show bias on her part as an alibi witness.4 Such evidence does not impermissibly place a defendant's character in issue.5 The trial court did not err in denying Hood's motion in limine.
3. After a previous trial and guilty verdict in December 1997, Hood was granted a new trial due to ineffective assistance of counsel. At the second trial, Hood took the stand and claimed that, on the evening in question, he was at his mother's house until he drove to Athens Regional Hospital to pick up his girlfriend, who clocks out at 11:30 p.m. During cross-examination, the following transpired:
[STATE'S ATTORNEY]: Mr. Hood, we've already had one trial. Remember that? [DEFENDANT]: Yes, sir. [STATE'S ATTORNEY]: You didn't cry at that one. [DEFENDANT]: I'm not crying. [STATE'S ATTORNEY]: You teared up a little bit. You didn't do any of that at the first one. Why are you doing it today? [DEFENDANT]: Doing what? [STATE'S ATTORNEY]: Starting to tear up here on us. Why are you doing that? You didn't do any of that at the first trial. [DEFENSE COUNSEL]: Your Honor, I'm going to object....
Counsel moved for a mistrial due to "the fact that they now know that it's a retrial is prejudicing Mr. Hood's chance of getting a fair trial." The trial court instructed the jury to disregard any reference to a previous trial and to determine the case based on the evidence presented in this trial. Hood excepted to the adequacy of curative instructions.
Where there is no mention of the result of a prior judicial proceeding, the bare reference to an earlier trial does not necessarily imply a conviction and reversal on appeal. The equally rational inference is a mistrial6 due to the inability to achieve a unanimous verdict. Since the record contains no reference to the earlier verdict of guilt, the trial court's curative instructions were adequate to remove the subject from the jury's consideration.7
When given an opportunity to rebut or refute these reasons, Hood pointed to the absence of support in the record for four jurors but had no reply regarding the contention that juror 12 had a hard time staying awake. Hood chose instead to stand on the stated objections. The trial court concluded that Hood had failed to carry his burden of proof as the opponent of the strikes.
On appeal, Hood argues that the record is inadequate to support the stated reason because the State did not bring the sleeping juror to the attention of the court. Hood's reliance on Parker v. State9 for this proposition is misplaced, for that case is not binding precedent under Court of Appeals Rule 33(a).10 It is true that during trial, a party who desires to object to a sleeping juror must bring that fact to the attention of the court.11 But in making the initial selection of the jurors to try a case, the inattentiveness of an apparently sleeping prospective juror is certainly a case-related, race-neutral reason for exercising a peremptory challenge.12 As the opponent of the strike, Hood bore the onus to make a record supporting his contentions.13 The trial court did not err in overruling Hood's challenge to the State's use of peremptory strikes.
Judgment affirmed.
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...is error, much less plain error, for a witness to merely comment about a 'first trial' or a prior proceeding. Cf.Hood v. State, 245 Ga. App. 391, 392, 537 S.E.2d 788, 790 (2000)(footnote omitted) (noting that, '[w]here there is no mention of the result of a prior judicial proceeding, the ba......
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Osgood v. State
...is error, much less plain error, for a witness to merely comment about a ‘first trial’ or a prior proceeding. Cf.Hood v. State, 245 Ga. App. 391, 392, 537 S.E.2d 788, 790 (2000) (footnote omitted) (noting that, ‘[w]here there is no mention of the result of a prior judicial proceeding, the b......
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Toomer v. State
...the State's reasons, we stress that they cannot be too vague, too subjective, non-specific, or non-case related”); Hood v. State, 245 Ga.App. 391, 392, 537 S.E.2d 788 (2000) (affirming the lower court's denial of a Batson challenge as “the inattentiveness of an apparently sleeping prospecti......
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Sneed v. State
...error, much less plain error, for a witness to merely comment about a "first trial" or a prior proceeding. Cf. Hood v. State, 245 Ga.App. 391, 392, 537 S.E.2d 788, 790 (2000) (footnote omitted) (noting that, "[w]here there is no mention of the result of a prior judicial proceeding, the bare......