Hoover, Inc. v. STATE DEPT. OF REVENUE
Decision Date | 19 April 2002 |
Citation | 833 So.2d 32 |
Parties | HOOVER, INC. v. STATE DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE. |
Court | Alabama Supreme Court |
Blake A. Madison and David E. Rains of Tanner & Guin, L.L.C., Tuscaloosa; and Bruce P. Ely of Bradley, Arant, Rose & White, L.L.P., Birmingham, for appellant.
Bill Pryor, atty. gen.; and J. Wade Hope and Margaret J. McNeill, asst. counsel, Department of Revenue and asst. attys. gen., for appellee.
Hoover, Inc., appeals from a summary judgment entered in favor of the State Department of Revenue ("the Department"). We reverse and remand.
Hoover is a Tennessee corporation that sells crushed stones and other products in the southeastern United States. Hoover operates three sales offices in Alabama, and one of its quarries is located in Colbert County. During the years 1996 through 1999, Hoover sold crushed stone from the Colbert County facility to certain Mississippi governmental entities. It did not collect Alabama sales tax on those sales. On October 11, 2000, the Department entered a final assessment against Hoover, assessing $159,520.27 in additional sales tax due for the period July 1996 through June 1999.
Hoover filed a complaint against the Department in the Colbert Circuit Court, appealing the final assessment. Hoover's complaint alleges that the practice of exempting instrumentalities and municipalities of the State from the payment of the sales tax, while imposing a sales tax on sales to governmental entities in Mississippi, violates the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution (Art. 1, § 8, cl.3). Hoover relies on § 40-23-4(a)(17), Ala.Code 1975, exempting from the sales tax the "gross proceeds of sales of tangible personal property ... which the state is prohibited from taxing under the Constitution or laws of the United States or under the Constitution of [Alabama]."
The Department moved for a summary judgment, arguing that § 40-23-4(a)(11), Ala.Code 1975, does not apply to Hoover's sales to Mississippi governmental entities. It argued that § 40-23-4(a)(11) exempts from sales tax the gross proceeds of sales of tangible personal property to the State of Alabama, to counties within the State, and to incorporated municipalities within the State. Neither party submitted any evidentiary materials in support of or in opposition to the Department's summary-judgment motion. The trial court entered a summary judgment in favor of the Department.
Hoover's complaint alleged that the Department treated ostensibly similarly situated transactions disparately. The Department relies upon State v. Leary & Owens Equipment Co., 54 Ala.App. 49, 304 So.2d 604 (Ala.Civ.App.1974), which held that the imposition of the gross-receipts tax on sales of repair parts to county governments of a neighboring state was valid, where the transactions were conducted entirely within Alabama, despite the contention that the out-of-state counties were exempt from Alabama tax. Hoover argues that several significant decisions of the United States Supreme Court decided after Leary & Owens compel the conclusion that Leary & Owens is no longer an accurate statement of the law.
Hoover contends that genuine issues of material fact relating to the Department's justification for any discriminatory treatment in the collection of sales taxes preclude the entry of a summary judgment for the Department. In the alternative, Hoover contends that if no genuine issue as to any material fact exists, the trial court erred as a matter of law in failing to strike down as unconstitutional the Department's practice of collecting sales taxes from Mississippi governmental entities while exempting from taxation sales to Alabama governmental entities. Hoover faults the Department for failing to offer any proof indicating that its taxation of out-of-state governmental entities is in any way compensatory for taxes local Alabama governments do not pay. In its brief, the Department completely ignores the United States Supreme Court decisions relied upon by Hoover, standing instead on Leary & Owens and the presumption of correctness attached to a final assessment recognized in Hamm v. Harrigan, 278 Ala. 372, 178 So.2d 529, opinion extended, 278 Ala. 521, 179 So.2d 154 (1965), and S.H.J. v. State Department of Revenue, 682 So.2d 1354 (Ala.Civ.App.1995). The Department also relies on State v. Bankhead Mining Co., 279 Ala. 566, 188 So.2d 527 (1966), and Brundidge Milling Co. v. State, 45 Ala. App. 208, 228 So.2d 475 (Ala.Civ.App. 1969), both of which place the burden on the taxpayer to establish its entitlement to an exemption.
This Court's standard of review of a summary judgment is well established:
Payton v. Monsanto, 801 So.2d 829, 832-33 (Ala.2001) (quoting Ex parte Alfa Mut. Gen. Ins. Co., 742 So.2d 182, 184 (Ala. 1999)).
In State v. Alabama Municipal Insurance Corp., 730 So.2d 107, 112 (Ala.1998), this Court held:
In a dissenting opinion in Concordia Fire Insurance Co. v. Illinois, 292 U.S. 535, 54 S.Ct. 830, 78 L.Ed. 1411 (1934), Justice Cardozo expressed a similar view:
292 U.S. at 558, 54 S.Ct. 830 (emphasis added).
From the foregoing, it might appear that the taxpayer has the burden of proof. However, we are dealing here with an alleged violation of the Commerce Clause. In Fulton Corp. v. Faulkner, 516 U.S. 325, 116 S.Ct. 848, 133 L.Ed.2d 796 (1996), the Supreme Court held that "[s]tate laws discriminating against interstate commerce on their face are `virtually per se invalid.'" 516 U.S. at 331, 116 S.Ct. 848 (...
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Ex Parte Hoover, Inc.
...a summary judgment in favor of Hoover, Inc., conflicted with our previous decision in this dispute, Hoover, Inc. v. State Dep't of Revenue, 833 So.2d 32 (Ala.2002) ("Hoover I"), and with the Supreme Court's negative Commerce Clause jurisprudence. Having determined that it does, we now rever......
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State Dept. of Revenue v. Hoover, Inc.
...governmental entities is in any way compensatory for taxes local Alabama governments do not pay." Hoover, Inc. v. State Dep't of Revenue, 833 So.2d 32, 34 (Ala.2002) ("Hoover I"). The Supreme Court agreed, "Because at trial the Department has the burden of proof to justify a law that on its......
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State, Dept. of Revenue v. Hoover, Inc.
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...a motion for a summary judgment, we apply the same standard the trial court applied in ruling on the motion. Hoover, Inc. v. State Dep't of Revenue, 833 So. 2d 32, 34 (Ala. 2002). "`"To grant such a motion, the trial court must determine that the evidence does not create a genuine issue of ......
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