In re Jolly, 03-05990-DH.

• Decision Date: 21 June 2004
• Docket Number: No. 03-05990-DH.,03-05990-DH.
• Citation: 313 B.R. 295
• Parties: In re David W. JOLLY, Elizabeth A. Jolly, Debtors.
• Court: U.S. Bankruptcy Court — Southern District of Iowa

313 B.R. 295

In re David W. JOLLY, Elizabeth A. Jolly, Debtors.

No. 03-05990-DH.

United States Bankruptcy Court, S.D. Iowa.

June 21, 2004.

COPYRIGHT MATERIAL OMITTED

Stephen P. Wing, Davenport, IA, for Debtors.

Gregory A. Maceau, Colorado Springs, CO, for American/Christian Lawworx & Ben Sneed.

James L. Snyder, Des Moines, IA, Assistant U.S. Trustee.

ORDER — AMENDED MOTION FOR ASSESSMENT OF FINES AGAINST AMERICAN/CHRISTIAN LAWWORX & BEN SNEED

RUSSEL J. HILL, Bankruptcy Judge.

The United States Trustee's Amended Motion for Assessment of Fines Against American/Christian Lawworx and Ben Sneed for Violation of 11 U.S.C. § 110 came on for hearing on May 5, 2004. James L. Snyder, Assistant United States Trustee, appeared for the United States Trustee for Region 12, Habbo Fokkena. There was no appearance for American/Christian Lawworx or Ben Sneed.

The court has jurisdiction of this matter pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 157(b)(1) & 1334 and order of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Iowa. This is a core proceeding pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 157(b)(2)(A). The court, upon review of the pleadings, evidence, and arguments of the Assistant United States Trustee, now enters its findings and conclusions pursuant to Fed. R. Bankr.P. 7052.

FINDINGS OF FACT

1. David W. and Elizabeth A. Jolly (hereinafter "Debtors") filed a chapter 7 petition on October 7, 2003. The petition, schedules, and statements were filed without the assistance of counsel. Counsel for Debtors, Stephen P. Wing, did not enter an appearance for Debtors until December 3, 2003.

2. Debtors received a discharge on January 28, 2004.

3. On February 5, 2004, the United States Trustee filed a motion for sanctions against American/Christian Lawworx and Ben Sneed (hereinafter "Respondents").

4. On February 6, 2004, the clerk of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Iowa issued a notice setting the hearing on the motion for May 5, 2004, at 9:00 a.m. in the United States Courthouse in Rock Island, Illinois. [The United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Iowa is currently sitting in Rock Island, Illinois, pending reconstruction of the Federal Courthouse in Davenport, Iowa.]

5. Respondents were served with notice of the hearing by first class mail on February 8, 2004.

6. On March 5, 2004, Respondents, over the signature of Ben Sneed, President, American Lawworx, filed a letter request to continue the hearing on the motion. On the same day, the United States Trustee filed an objection to the requested continuance.

7. The telephonic hearing on the request to continue was held on March 23, 2004. At that time, attorney Gregory A. Maceau, Colorado Springs, CO., appeared telephonically on behalf of Respondents. At the conclusion of the hearing, the court denied the motion to continue; ordered Mr. Maceau to file an appearance for Respondents; and ordered the United States Trustee to amend the motion on or before March 30, 2004.

8. The United States Trustee filed the amended motion on March 29, 2004. On April 19, 2004, Respondents filed an objection to the amended motion.

9. Also on April 19, 2004, Respondents filed a motion to consolidate the hearings on this and two related motions filed by the United States Trustee. On April 21, 2004, this court entered an order summarily denying the motion to consolidate the three cases. The decision to deny the motions to consolidate was based on this court's refusal to require at least two of the debtors to travel in excess of 100 miles for the convenience of Respondents.

10. On the date set for the hearing on the motion, at approximately 8:30 a.m., this court received Respondents' Motion for Telephonic Testimony and Telephonic Appearance (hereinafter "Telephonic Motion") in Rock Island, IL. The court's copy of the Telephonic Motion indicates it was faxed to the court in Des Moines on May 4, 2004, (the day prior to the scheduled hearing) at 1:57 p.m.

11. This court will only allow telephonic appearance and testimony where there is consent by all parties. Further, this court rarely allows telephonic testimony because it is unable to observe the witness and activities taking place outside the court's presence.

12. Debtors paid Respondents $195.00 for assistance in preparing their chapter 7 Petition, Schedules, and Statement of Financial Affairs. In exchange for their payment, Debtors received the "Alpha Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Kit" (hereinafter "Kit").

13. The record reflects the Kit provides step-by-step instructions, advice, and examples of how to complete the documents for a chapter 7 bankruptcy case. The Kit counsels what is dischargeable and nondischargeable debt; reaffirmation agreements; avoiding liens; redeeming mortgaged property; the distinction between purchase money liens, possessory liens, and judicial liens; child support provisions; automatic stay; notice requirements of the Bankruptcy Code and Rules; case citations; and Bankruptcy Code citations.

14. The Kit advised Debtors about exemptions and set forth the exemptions provided in § 522 of the Bankruptcy Code. It further advises Debtors that Iowa prevents its citizens from choosing the § 522(b)(1) Code exemptions.

15. Respondents did not provide their name, address, and signatures on the petition or statement of financial affairs; they did not identify themselves by an identifying number on the petition or statement of financial affairs; and they did not disclose the fees received from Debtors.

16. On October 8, 2003, Debtors filed their application to pay the filing fees in installments. This application requires the debtors to certify that they have not paid any money or transferred any property to an attorney for services in connection with the case and that they will neither make any payment nor transfer any property for services in connection with the case until the filing fee is paid in full.

17. The application to pay filing fees in installments provides for the certification of non-attorney petition preparers that they will not accept money or any other property from the debtors before the filing fee is paid in full.

18. The application to pay filing fees in installments submitted by Debtors is blank as to any certification by a non-attorney bankruptcy petition preparer.

19. Respondents furnished the form for the application to pay filing fees in installments to Debtors. Respondents counseled Debtors by providing forms showing different methods in making periodic payments. Further, Respondents provided Debtors with a copy of an order to be used in obtaining permission to pay the filing fees in installments.

20. The order approving payment of the filing fees in installments was entered on November 6, 2003. This order provides as follows: "IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that until the filing fee is paid in full the debtor shall not pay any money for services in connection with this case, and the debtor shall not relinquish any property as payment for services in connection with this case."

FINDING OF DEFAULT

20. The hearing on the motion for sanctions commenced at 9:12 a.m. There was no appearance by Respondents, Mr. Maceau, or any local attorney representing Respondents.

21. Respondents had been on notice of the date and time for this hearing since February 6, 2004. With such notice, Respondents' filing of the Telephonic Motion on the afternoon prior to the scheduled hearing is unconscionable. Accordingly, this court denied Respondents' motion for telephonic hearing.

22. Based on denial of the Telephonic Motion and Respondents' failure to appear or be represented at the time and place designated for the hearing, this court finds Respondents in default for failing to appear at the time of the hearing.

DISCUSSION

Resolution of this matter is governed by 11 U.S.C. § 110. As part of the Bankruptcy Reform act of 1994, Congress added § 110 to the Bankruptcy Code. The purpose of § 110 is to protect consumers from abuses by non-attorney bankruptcy petition preparers. Consumer Seven Corp. v. United States Trustee (In re Fraga), 210 B.R. 812, 816-17 (9th Cir. BAP 1997). The rationale beyond the enactment of § 110 was explained in a House of Representatives report:

Bankruptcy petition preparers not employed or supervised by any attorney have proliferated across the country. While it is permissible for a petition preparer to provide services solely limited to typing, far too many of them also attempt to provide legal advice and legal services to debtors. These preparers often lack the necessary legal training and ethics regulation to provide such services in an adequate and appropriate manner. These services may take unfair advantage of persons who are ignorant of their rights both inside and outside the bankruptcy system.

H.R. Rep. 103-835, 103rd Cong., 2nd Sess. At 56 (Oct.4, 1994), U.S. Code Cong. & Admin.News 1994, pp. 3340, 3365: See also In re Farness, 244 B.R. 464, 466-67 (Bankr.D.Idaho 2000).

Section 110 provides the court with the authority and the responsibility to supervise the preparation of the bankruptcy documents and the fees collected for these services by non-attorneys. In order to accomplish this, the party must disclose its role in this process.

The Bankruptcy Code defines a "bankruptcy petition preparer" as "a person, other than an attorney or an employee of an attorney, who prepares for compensation a document for filing." 11 U.S.C. § 110(a)(1). "Person" includes individual, partnership, and corporation. 11 U.S.C. § 101(41). "Prepare" is not defined in the section.

The fact that the person does not place the data and numbers on the form does not excuse that person from advising the court of their participation in the process of preparing the documents for filing with the bankruptcy court. Neither does the fact that the person provides these services by computerized services excuse that person from revealing that person's role in the preparation of the documents.

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