In re Westerly Hospital
| Citation | 963 A.2d 636 |
| Decision Date | 07 January 2009 |
| Docket Number | No. 2007-363-Appeal.,2007-363-Appeal. |
| Parties | In re WESTERLY HOSPITAL. |
| Court | United States State Supreme Court of Rhode Island |
John S. Remington, Jr. (Remington), appeals from a Superior Court order authorizing the disclosure of his medical records pursuant to a provision of the Confidentiality of Health Care Communications and Information Act, G.L. 1956 § 5-37.3-6.1. This case came before the Supreme Court for oral argument on December 8, 2008, pursuant to an order directing the parties to appear and show cause why the issues raised in this appeal should not summarily be decided. After hearing the arguments of counsel and examining the record and memoranda filed by the parties, we are of the opinion that this appeal may be decided at this time without further briefing or argument. For the reasons hereinafter set forth, the appeal is denied and dismissed.
On September 18, 2006, in Stonington, Connecticut, Remington crashed his motorcycle into the back of another vehicle after leaving a party at Misquamicut Beach in Westerly, Rhode Island. The accident rendered Remington unconscious, and police officers who responded to the scene did not have the opportunity to interview him. Police officers did notice, however, the odor of an alcoholic beverage. As a result of injuries he sustained during the accident, Remington was transported by ambulance to Westerly Hospital in Westerly, Rhode Island. There, he subsequently underwent blood tests and X-rays as part of his treatment.
At the time of the accident, Remington had been accompanied by his friend, Ginger Coon, who was operating her own motorcycle and who was not involved in the collision. The next day, on September 19, 2006, Ms. Coon appeared at the Stonington Police Department, where she provided a voluntary statement acknowledging that she and Remington had "had a couple of beers" before leaving the party. Suspecting that he had operated his motorcycle under the influence of alcohol in violation of Connecticut law, Stonington police opened a criminal investigation. In an effort to ascertain Remington's blood-alcohol level at the time of the accident, Stonington police sought to obtain the results of the blood tests that had been performed on him; the records reflecting those results were maintained by Westerly Hospital. In this endeavor, Stonington police enlisted the support of the Rhode Island Attorney General.
In turn, the Attorney General attempted to obtain the records pursuant to § 5-37.3-6.1. On June 29, 2007, the Attorney General filed a miscellaneous petition in the Rhode Island Superior Court seeking the disclosure of Remington's medical records maintained by Westerly Hospital pertaining to treatment rendered to him on or about September 18, 2006. The Attorney General also served a subpoena duces tecum on the keeper of records at Westerly Hospital directing that person to appear before the Superior Court with Remington's medical records.1 In his miscellaneous petition, the Attorney General noted that he had issued the subpoena under Rule 17(c) of the Superior Court Rules of Criminal Procedure.
Thereafter, the Attorney General served a copy of the subpoena on Remington, along with a notice informing him of his right to move to quash it within twenty days in accordance with § 5-37.3-6.1.2 On July 19, 2007, Westerly Hospital filed a motion to quash the subpoena. Later, on August 6, 2007, Remington filed his own motion to quash the subpoena.
An evidentiary hearing regarding the subpoena and the motions to quash was held in the Superior Court on August 14 and 15, 2007.3 The motion justice denied Remington's motion to quash after finding that it was untimely, but nevertheless allowed him to "participate," over the Attorney General's objection, in the evidentiary hearing and arguments on Westerly Hospital's motion to quash. Remington proceeded to argue that Rule 17(c) was an improper procedural vehicle for the Attorney General to use to obtain information on behalf of Connecticut for potential prosecution there. The Attorney General confessed error in citing to Rule 17(c), but maintained that the subpoena was proper under Rule 45 of the Superior Court Rules of Civil Procedure and § 5-37.3-6.1. The motion justice denied Westerly Hospital's motion to quash, ruling that the subpoena was both procedurally proper and substantively valid under § 5-37.3-6.1. After reviewing the records in camera, the motion justice directed that they be resealed and made part of the Superior Court case file available to the Attorney General, who in turn could disseminate them for law enforcement purposes.
At Remington's request, the motion justice granted a stay until August 23, 2008, to enable him to appeal and to seek a stay from this Court. An order encompassing the motion justice's decision was filed on August 20, 2007. Remington filed a timely notice of appeal, on August 20, 2007, but did not petition for a stay from this Court. Westerly Hospital has not appealed the motion justice's order. On August 23, 2007, the Superior Court allowed delivery of the medical records to the Attorney General, who subsequently turned them over to the Stonington Police Department. Thereafter, Remington was charged criminally in Connecticut with the illegal operation of a motor vehicle under the influence of alcohol. At the time of this decision, the Connecticut case is still pending.
Remington does not appeal the motion justice's ruling that his motion was untimely. Rather, he challenges the motion justice's determination, with respect to Westerly Hospital's motion to quash, that the subpoena was procedurally proper. He contends that Rule 17(c) was the wrong procedural vehicle through which to obtain the medical records because the hearing below was not a criminal proceeding. He also submits that neither Rule 17(c) nor Rule 45 provides a basis for the Attorney General to obtain records within Rhode Island to be shipped out of state for a prosecution in another jurisdiction. Instead, he suggests that Connecticut should have obtained the records through another procedural vehicle, such as the Uniform Act to Secure the Attendance of Witnesses from Without the State in Criminal Cases, G.L. 1956 § 12-16-3. Finally, Remington argues that under § 5-37.3-6(b)(6)—a provision of the Confidentiality of Health Care Communications and Information Act separate and distinct from § 5-37.3-6.1—any blood tests performed on him at Westerly Hospital are not subject to disclosure because they were not performed at the direction of a law enforcement official.
A
The Attorney General argues that this appeal should be dismissed as moot because Remington's medical records already have been provided to the Attorney General and to the State of Connecticut. Because justiciability is a threshold issue, we must address it...
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