International Travelers Ass'n v. Marshall

• Decision Date: 30 March 1938
• Docket Number: No. 7150.,7150.
• Parties: INTERNATIONAL TRAVELERS ASS'N et al. v. MARSHALL.
• Court: Texas Supreme Court

Page 851

114 S.W.2d 851

INTERNATIONAL TRAVELERS ASS'N et al. v. MARSHALL.

No. 7150.

Supreme Court of Texas.

March 30, 1938.

Error to Court of Civil Appeals of Fifth Supreme Judicial District.

Suit on accident policy by Mrs. Grace Marshall against the International Travelers Association and another. Judgment for plaintiff was affirmed by the Court of Civil Appeals, 94 S.W.2d 558, and defendant brings error.

Judgments of the Court of Civil Appeals and of the district court reversed, and cause remanded for new trial.

Head, Dillard, Maxey-Freeman & McReynolds, of Sherman, and Seay, Malone & Lipscomb, of Dallas, for plaintiffs in error.

Hamp P. Abney, of Sherman, and Ocie Speer, of Austin, for defendant in error.

SHARP, Justice.

Mrs. Grace Marshall filed this suit against the International Travelers Association and the International Travelers Assurance Company to recover on an accident policy issued to her husband, William Wright Marshall. It was alleged that the insured was engaged in moving a threshing machine out of a warehouse, used in connection with his business, and in order to move such thresher he and his helpers used a crowbar, and that the crowbar slipped and struck the insured, or caused him to fall, which resulted in his death.

The cause was submitted to a jury on special issues, and by reason of the jury's answers to such special issues the trial court rendered judgment for plaintiff against the defendants for $5,000, with interest thereon at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum, and all costs. This judgment was affirmed by the Court of Civil Appeals at Dallas. 94 S.W. 2d 558. For a more detailed statement of the case, we refer to the opinion of the Court of Civil Appeals. We will also designate the parties herein as they were designated in the trial court.

A writ of error was granted on the contention that the plaintiff had not met the burden resting on her, in order to recover judgment against the defendants, by alleging and proving that the death of William Wright Marshall was by accident, and that such death did not come within the exceptions described in the policy.

Section 2 of article XI of the policy issued to William Wright Marshall, and which forms the basis of this suit, reads: "The accident insurance under this policy does not cover injury, fatal or otherwise, sustained by the insured prior to 12 o'clock noon, Standard Time on the date hereof; or any injury received directly or indirectly as a result of, or that is contributed to, by insured violating any law; being in any degree under the influence of a narcotic or intoxicating liquor; or while insane; or by the act of any person (sane or insane) done to injure the insured, except for the sole purpose of burglary or robbery; or while enlisted or while acting as a sailor or soldier or aeronaut engaged in naval, military service or while riding or as the result of riding in a hydroplane, aeroplane, or balloon; or from disease or medical or surgical treatment resulting therefrom or therefor; or ptomaine poisoning; or riding or driving in any automobile race. Said benefits do not cover the disappearance of insured."

Plaintiff alleged, as the basis for her recovery on such policy, as follows: "And said injuries resulted directly, independently, and exclusively of all other causes in producing peritonitis, and as the direct and proximate result of said injuries so accidentally received and exclusively of all other causes, he continued sick and unable to work until June 27, 1933, when he died as a result of peritonitis so caused by said injuries received by him suffered through accidental means as herein alleged."

Defendants urged a general demurrer to plaintiff's petition, which was overruled by the trial court. Complaint is made of such holding. The Court of Civil Appeals held that the petition was good against the general demurrer, and that the pleadings were sufficient to support the judgment rendered by virtue of the rule announced in the following cases: East Texas Fire Ins. Co. v. Dyches, 56 Tex. 565; Burlington Ins. Co. v. Rivers, 9 Tex.Civ.App. 177, 28 S.W. 453.

It was also held that the exceptions contained in the policy were not required to be negatived, in the absence of a special exception raising that question. That such holding of the Court of Civil Appeals is clearly in conflict with the rule announced by this court and certain other Courts of Civil Appeals, and by courts of many other jurisdictions, is not questioned.

It has long been held that in a case of this kind the burden rests upon the plaintiff to allege and prove that the death of the insured was by accident, and did not come within the exceptions named in the policy. In order to sustain a judgment based on such policy, plaintiff must negative, by allegation and proof, the exceptions which under the terms of the policy specifically exempt the company from liability. It appears from this record that plaintiff, having failed to make such allegations, by showing that the death of William Wright Marshall came within the general liability assumed by the insurer, and that it did not come within the excepted...