Jacobs v. McCaughtry
Decision Date | 09 May 2001 |
Docket Number | No. 01-1847,01-1847 |
Citation | 251 F.3d 596 |
Parties | (7th Cir. 2001) Chris Jacobs, Applicant, v. Gary R. McCaughtry, Respondent |
Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Seventh Circuit |
On a Motion for an Order Authorizing the District Court to Entertain a Second or Successive Petition for Collateral Review
Before Harlington Wood, Jr., Rovner, and Evans, Circuit Judges.
The district court dismissed Chris Jacobs's petition for a writ of habeas corpus, 28 U.S.C. sec. 2254, on the ground that it was a second or successive petition that could not be filed without prior authorization from this court. See 28 U.S.C. sec. 2244(b)(3). Before us now is Jacobs's application under sec. 2244(b)(3), seeking such authorization. We dismiss the application as unnecessary and instruct the district court to accept Jacobs's petition.
In 1988 Jacobs was charged with five counts of first degree murder. He was tried before a jury in October 1989 and acquitted on all five counts. Approximately 4 years later, the State, armed with new evidence, charged Jacobs again, this time with kidnapping and false imprisonment. Jacobs moved to dismiss the new charges on double jeopardy grounds, but the state courts denied his motion. Jacobs then filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus in federal district court, arguing that double jeopardy and/or collateral estoppel barred prosecution. The district court denied the petition, and this court affirmed on appeal. Jacobs v. Marathon County, Wis., 73 F.3d 164 (7th Cir. 1996).
In August 1998 Jacobs was convicted after a jury trial on the kidnapping and false imprisonment charges. After exhausting his state remedies, Jacobs filed a sec. 2254 petition in federal district court, challenging both his conviction and his sentence. The district court concluded that this petition was second or successive and dismissed for lack of jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. sec. 2244(b)(3)(A).
Jacobs now argues that the petition he wishes to file is not a second or successive collateral attack within the meaning of sec. 2244. We agree. Jacobs's first petition is properly classified as a sec. 2241 petition because it was filed pretrial and not while he was "in custody pursuant to judgment of a state court." See Walker v. O'Brien, 216 F.3d 626, 633 (7th Cir. 2000) ( ); see also Santamaria v. Horsley, 133 F.3d 1242, 1243 (9th Cir. 1998) ( ); Palmer v. Clarke, 961 F.2d 771, 774 (8th Cir. 1992) ( ); Dickerson v. Louisiana, 816 F.2d 220, 224 (5th Cir. 1987) ( ). And sec. 2244, by its terms, does not apply to petitions brought under sec. 2241. Rather, it requires permission only before "a second or successive habeas corpus application under section 2254" may be commenced. 28 U.S.C. sec. 2244(b)(1), (2) (emphasis added); see also Valona v. United States, 138 F.3d 693, 694 (7th Cir. 1998...
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