Lampert v. Lampert, 15124

• Decision Date: 19 March 1986
• Docket Number: No. 15124,15124
• Parties: Judy R. LAMPERT, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. Arthur A. LAMPERT, Defendant and Appellant. . Considered on Briefs
• Court: South Dakota Supreme Court

Page 899

388 N.W.2d 899

Judy R. LAMPERT, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. Arthur A. LAMPERT, Defendant and Appellant.

No. 15124.

Supreme Court of South Dakota.

Considered on Briefs March 19, 1986.

Decided June 11, 1986.

Wilson Kleibacker, Lammers, Lammers, Kleibacker & Casey, Madison, for defendant and appellant.

Sidney B. Strange, Strange & Palmer, Sioux Falls, for plaintiff and appellee.

SABERS, Justice.

This is an appeal from an order denying appellant Arthur A. Lampert's (husband) motion to eliminate or reduce alimony payments. We affirm.

Statement of Facts

Husband and Judy R. Lampert, (wife), were married on July 3, 1963, in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Two children were born of this marriage. Both had attained their majority at the time of this action. The parties were divorced on September 17, 1969, after six years of marriage. At that time, they owned no real property and had limited possessions. Although she had a four-year degree from the University of South Dakota, wife was then at home with the minor children. At the time of the divorce, husband was an intern at McKennan Hospital in Sioux Falls, and was earning a minimal salary.

The Judgment and Decree of Divorce, (Decree), stated in pertinent part:

2. That the division of property and custody of the minor children of the parties shall be in accordance with an Agreement between the parties, marked Exhibit "1", and filed herein.

Husband and wife executed a Custody, Support and Property Settlement Agreement, (agreement), on May 1, 1969. This document was not filed with the court until July 8, 1985.

Paragraph five of the agreement provided that wife shall have the custody and control of the minor children who were then 5 1/2, (Arthur A., Jr.), and 2 1/2, (Rachel A.), years of age, respectively. Paragraph six stated the following:

Arthur A. Lampert, Second Party, agrees to pay to First Party, Judy R. Lampert: (a) the sum of $300 per month as alimony for the support of the said Judy R. Lampert; (b) the sum of $100 per month for the support of the two minor children heretofore mentioned; (c) all United States income taxes that may become due on any of the foregoing sums; (d) any additional, reasonable sums necessary for the medical and dental treatment of the said minor children; and (e) pay the premium on an automobile liability insurance policy for First Party, said policy to provide the coverage which is currently in force, said premium payments by Second Party to cease upon First Party's remarriage.

Paragraph nine provided that wife will have title and possession of the household goods, furniture, and the 1966 Buick automobile. Paragraph fourteen stated the following:

It is further agreed between the parties that in the event said Judy R. Lampert, First Party, should after entry of the final decree, remarry, said alimony payments as hereinabove provided shall cease, but that the said child support payments will be increased to a sum not less than $125 per month per child.

Finally, paragraph fifteen provided, among other things, that when the children obtain their legal majority, husband's support obligation shall cease, be reduced, or terminate.

At the time the parties were divorced in September of 1969, husband knew that he was suffering from multiple sclerosis, (MS). However, he was then in a period of remission, feeling well, working full-time as a physician, and had not yet accepted the fact that this disease would eventually have a catastrophic effect on his physical well-being. MS is a chronic disorder of the nervous system, and a progressively debilitating disease, manifested with flares and remissions, but a disease progressively deteriorating over time.

In 1972, husband developed a right sided Bell's Palsy from which he has had a partial recovery. In 1977, increasing fatigue speech and balance problems began to develop. Additionally, in August of 1977, he suffered a severe episode which resulted in a period of blindness, hospitalization for ten days, and a slow improvement of function over the following three months. His condition has never improved to the state prior to the August 1977 episode.

By agreement of the parties, Arthur A., Jr., began living with his father in Madison, South Dakota, in 1979. He was then 15 1/2 years old. Husband and wife entered into a stipulation which modified the Decree to this effect, and they also agreed that husband would increase his payment to $100 per month for Rachel's support, as she continued to live with wife in Sioux Falls. Thereafter, husband assumed the sole support of his son.

In September of 1983, Rachel, who was then 16 years old, moved into her father's house. Husband then assumed full responsibility for his daughter and by informal agreement between the parties, child support terminated. However, husband continued to pay wife $300 per month in alimony. Rachel turned 18 in March of 1985.

Wife's monthly expenses are: $1,140.65. She takes home income of $838.50 per month from a gross salary of $14,300.00 per year. She sustained a severe neck injury as a result of a car accident in March of 1985, which has substantially restricted her activities. She also suffers from chronic back problems which require her to seek physical therapy once or twice a year. She also suffers from agoraphobia, (the fear of open or public spaces), and an anxiety reaction for which she has been in psychotherapy at the Central Plains Clinic for the last six years. Therapy sessions cost $72 per visit. Her insurance covers only $25 per visit. The psychotherapy is an on-going process, and she is required to take medication for the above described condition.

Based on the foregoing, wife argues that she needs the $300 alimony payment in order to pay her ordinary, monthly living expenses. She contends that her 1977 Buick automobile is ready for the junk heap; that her house needs necessary repairs that she cannot afford to make; that after the divorce she continued to raise the children on the support she received from husband together with her full-time earnings from employment outside the home; and that she has never asked for an increase in support or alimony, (even though husband's income had steadily increased over the years), because she made it a point to raise the children on her own.

According to husband, he grosses $4,166 per month or approximately $49,992.00 per year, and his monthly expenses total approximately $5,206. He claims he has insufficient funds to meet his expenses, and that he has already borrowed from his life insurance several times. The last time was as recently as 1984.

He owns one vehicle: a 1973 pickup truck, and leases another one for which he receives an automobile allowance from his current employer of $450 per month. He is presently paying for his daughter's education at Dakota State College.

According to his physicians, husband's MS will get progressively worse until he is unable to work altogether. He was examined by his personal physicians, Dr. K.G. Koob (neurologist) of Sioux Falls, and Dr K.L. Wilde (G.P.) of Madison, in October and November of 1984, respectively. Both doctors agreed that husband's MS symptoms were getting progressively worse, and that he had suffered from a marked deterioration in his neurologic functioning in the past year. It was the recommendation of these doctors that husband cut back on his hours due to his medical condition, or quit altogether. Dr. Koob stated in his letter of November 16, 1984, "I would anticipate that we will never in the future see a time when he is able to go back to the full time rigors of his family practice." At the time of trial, husband had reduced his working hours, discontinued taking obstetrics patients, and was no longer on call at the Madison Clinic, Ltd., where he practiced medicine. As such, his income had been reduced by 41%. He has disability income insurance through his employer which would pay him $1,500 per month upon total disability. However, his policy specifically deducts any disability income that he might receive from Social Security or the Veterans Administration.

On May 22, 1985, husband moved the trial court to eliminate his alimony payments. On September 18, 1985, the trial court found:

That there has been a substantial material change in circumstances since the divorce in that the Defendant's health has seriously deteriorated resulting in his taking a forty-one percent (41%) pay cut.

That the Defendant still has sufficient funds to pay his alimony obligation and despite the change of circumstances the sum of $300.00 per month is a reasonable amount for alimony and alimony shall continue.

The trial court further concluded that husband should pay alimony arrearages of $600 to wife, (which payments husband had held in abeyance pending the trial court's decision); that each party should pay their own attorneys fees; that paragraph fourteen of the parties' original Property Settlement Agreement was proper; and that since the youngest child had reached the age of eighteen, husband no longer has the obligation to pay Plaintiff child support.

Claims of the Parties

On appeal, husband argues that the trial court abused its discretion in failing to find that his medical condition and resultant loss of income warranted a decrease or elimination of his alimony obligation. He further contends that paragraph fourteen of the agreement constitutes an impermissible combination of alimony and child support payments. Wife petitions this court for an award of attorney fees incurred as a result of this action.

Alimony Payments

In Lambertz v. Lambertz, 375 N.W.2d 645 (S.D.1985), we wrote that the "substantial change of circumstances" standard necessary for modification of child custody provisions is not applicable in a proceeding to modify alimony. Id. at 646. Therefore, to justify a change in alimony payments there must merely be a change of circumstances. Id. In a proceeding for modification of alimony, the...