Larsen v. State
| Decision Date | 10 August 2011 |
| Docket Number | No. 4D09–2983.,4D09–2983. |
| Citation | 82 So.3d 971 |
| Parties | Glenn A. LARSEN, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee. |
| Court | Florida District Court of Appeals |
OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE
Carey Haughwout, Public Defender, and John M. Conway, Assistant Public Defender, West Palm Beach, for appellant.
Pamela Jo Bondi, Attorney General, Tallahassee, and Sue–Ellen Kenny, Assistant Attorney General, West Palm Beach, for appellee.CONNER, J.
Glenn A. Larsen timely appeals a final judgment and sentence adjudicating him guilty of aggravated battery with a deadly weapon. Larsen claims the trial court abused its discretion when it denied his request for a jury instruction on the justifiable use of non-deadly force. Finding no abuse of discretion, we affirm.
Larsen was charged by information with aggravated battery with a deadly weapon on Thomas O'Hagen. On the day of the incident, O'Hagen met a friend at a bar. While O'Hagen and his friend shot pool, Larsen, along with Stephan LaPlante and Nikolas Lee, who were roommates of Larsen, arrived at the bar. At some point, LaPlante noticed his van keys were missing as well as his van. O'Hagen then gave LaPlante a ride back home. A half hour later, Larsen and Lee arrived at the house in LaPlante's van.
According to O'Hagen, the other three men got into an altercation over the van, and he tried to break it up. As the altercation continued, O'Hagen went out to sit on the porch. Larsen then walked out of the house and stood in the middle of the street. Larsen said something that O'Hagen could not understand, then walked back onto the porch and stabbed O'Hagen with a knife. O'Hagen denied that he argued with Larsen, grabbed him by the throat, slapped him, hit him in the head, pushed him down, or prevented him from moving.
According to Larsen, after walking home from the bar, Lee stated that there were errands that LaPlante wanted them both to run, and Lee decided to use LaPlante's van. When Lee and Larsen returned to the house, LaPlante and O'Hagen came out and began screaming at them about the van. Larsen got the sense that Lee did not have permission to take the van. Larsen tried to go inside, but O'Hagen would not let him. LaPlante and Lee went inside, but O'Hagen grabbed Larsen and backed him away from the door into one of the chairs on the porch. O'Hagen was angry about the van and wanted to know where they had taken it. He also accused Larsen of taking a pack of cigarettes from him at the bar. Larsen tried to explain that he did not know that Lee took the van without permission and that he did not take the cigarettes. O'Hagen continued to yell at him as he kept him seated in the chair. O'Hagen also threatened him with his fists. O'Hagen used his left hand to grab Larsen and hold him in the chair while he smacked Larsen with the open palm of his right hand. O'Hagen then backed away and told Larsen to stay in the chair. About five minutes later, O'Hagen came out of the house, went straight toward Larsen and started smacking him again. After being hit three or four times, Larsen reached into his pocket, pulled out his knife, and opened the blade. At this point, O'Hagen stopped hitting him and leaned back off of Larsen. Larsen had the knife down by his thigh; he and O'Hagen looked at each other, and O'Hagen made another move toward him; at this point, Larsen stood up and stabbed O'Hagen in the neck. Larsen explained that he was trying to defend himself because he feared O'Hagan was going to continue to hit him, O'Hagen was a lot bigger and meaner than he was, and O'Hagen had hit him earlier in the week.
Dr. Ralph Guarneri, an on-call trauma surgeon at Broward General Hospital, testified that O'Hagen had a penetrating stab wound to his right neck. Guarneri further testified that the injury was life-threatening and that O'Hagen would have died without treatment.
At trial, Larsen requested the trial court instruct the jury on the justifiable use of both deadly and non-deadly force. The trial court determined that while a knife is not always a deadly weapon, based on the facts of this case, the knife was a deadly weapon as a matter of law. Therefore, the trial court declined to give the justifiable use of non-deadly force instruction.
Larsen argues that the trial court erred in finding that the knife was a deadly weapon as a matter of law because whether a weapon is deadly is a question of fact to be determined by the jury based on the facts and circumstances of each individual case. The State submits that the trial court did not err when it only force instruction because Larsen's intentional stabbing of O'Hagen's neck with a knife can be deemed only deadly force, and not nondeadly force.
This court reviews a trial court's withholding of a requested jury instruction under an abuse of discretion standard. Williams v. State, 34 So.3d 768, 770 (Fla. 2d DCA 2010) (citing Brown v. State, 11 So.3d 428, 432 (Fla. 2d DCA 2009)). “ ‘Where there is any evidence introduced at trial which supports the theory of the defense, a defendant is entitled to have the jury instructed on the law applicable to his theory of defense....’ ” Arthur v. State, 717 So.2d 193, 194 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998) (quoting Bryant v. State, 412 So.2d 347, 350 (Fla.1982)). “A defendant is entitled to an instruction on his theory of defense however flimsy the evidence is which supports that theory, or however weak or improbable his testimony may have been.” Id. (internal citations and quotations omitted).
“Under Florida law, a person is justified in using deadly force in self-defense only...
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