LoStracco v. LoStracco

• Decision Date: 17 January 1992
• Docket Number: No. 90-P-587,90-P-587
• Citation: 32 Mass.App.Ct. 1,584 N.E.2d 633
• Parties: Janet F. LOSTRACCO v. Nicola LOSTRACCO.
• Court: Appeals Court of Massachusetts

Page 633

584 N.E.2d 633

32 Mass.App.Ct. 1

Janet F. LOSTRACCO v. Nicola LOSTRACCO.

No. 90-P-587.

Appeals Court of Massachusetts Worcester.

Argued Sept. 5, 1991.

Decided Jan. 17, 1992.

Irwin Kwiat, Worcester, for Janet F. LoStracco.

David W. Sugarman, Worcester, for Nicola LoStracco.

Before WARNER, C.J., and PERRETTA and JACOBS, JJ.

WARNER, Chief Justice.

By a judgment of divorce nisi dated September 11, 1989, the plaintiff (Janet) was given custody of the parties' four minor children, then eleven, nine, six and four years of age. In relevant part, the divorce judgment further provides that Janet have the use and occupancy of the marital home "until the youngest child is emancipated or [Janet] remarries"; on the happening of the triggering event, the home is to be sold and the proceeds are to be divided equally (with a credit to the husband, Nicola, not in issue). The only issue argued in this appeal by Janet is the propriety of the condition which requires sale of the home on her remarriage. ¹

We draw essential facts from findings of the judge which are not disputed. The principal asset of the parties is the marital home, which had a fair market value at the time of trial of $150,000 to $160,000 and was subject to a first mortgage with a balance of $4,400. ² Nicola provided most of the substantial down payment for the home and made the first mortgage payments during the marriage. The current payment on that mortgage for principal, interest and taxes appeared to be about $205 per month.

The judge's findings on and rationale for the order for use and occupancy of the marital home were as follows. He found that the children "must be supported and provided for until they are emancipated." The evidence, he said, "compels the finding that [they] have been psychologically and emotionally" damaged by the divorce of their parents (emphasis supplied). "The children need the stability of their familiar home environment for a period of time as they sort out the problems. The children need the support and stability which is provided by remaining in the marital home until they are all emancipated or until that support is no longer needed and a new family unit is created by their mother's remarriage." ³ (Emphasis supplied.) The judge concluded that child support should take the form of weekly payments, ⁴ medical and dental insurance coverage and use and occupancy of the marital home, ⁵ the last form to terminate on the emancipation of the youngest child or the remarriage of Janet. There was no provision for alimony for either party.

The judge reasoned that while "the children need the stability the home represents for at least some period of time," the remarriage condition "took into consideration the likelihood of [Janet's] improved financial condition upon her completion of law school, ⁶ and by the infusion of additional income of a new husband, ⁷ both factors which would negate the need for the support afforded by the use and occupancy. There would also be the realization of substantial net proceeds by [Janet] upon the sale of the real estate which would enhance her estate. ⁸ The court presumes that the mother's choice to remarry, introduce a new man into the home and create a new family unit, would include a consideration of whether such a step would be in the best financial interest of the minor children." (Emphasis supplied.) The judge concluded that "[w]hen the use and occupancy support is no longer necessary, [Nicola] should realize his investment. [He] should not be required, under these circumstances, to continually provide support to the new family unit in this form given the choice made by [Janet] and the lack of need." (Emphasis supplied.)

The judge made clear beyond peradventure that the order for use and occupancy of the marital home was a form of child support. Such an order is a traditional child support provision, Hartog v. Hartog, 27 Mass.App.Ct. 124, 128, 535 N.E.2d 239 (1989), and is subject to modification. G.L. c. 208, § 28. See generally 2A Kindregan & Inker, Family Law and Practice § 1187 (1990). We confine our examination of the disputed condition to the basis upon which the judge put it. Here, the judge not only explicitly made the order as child support but gave as his principal and crucial reasons for so doing the psychological and emotional well-being of the children and their need for stability as "they sort out the problems" stemming from the parents' divorce. Those considerations constituted valid objectives of a support order for use and occupancy. See Hartog v. Hartog, 27 Mass.App.Ct. 124, 535 N.E.2d 239 (1989). The mother's remarriage (which could occur after the passage of ninety days from the entry of the judgment of divorce nisi, see G.L. c. 208, §§ 21 & 24) has no predictable rational connection to those objectives so as to undergird an absolute condition of termination of the residency form of support. The mother's presumed care in choosing a future partner with the children's financial interest in mind or that such a choice would create a "new family unit," propositions of dubious general validity, likewise have no logical relationship to the primary goals which the judge sought to accomplish or to Nicola's ability to satisfy his obligation to provide financial support for the children. ⁹ See Escamilla v. Escamilla, 127 Cal.App.3d 963, 970, 179 Cal.Rptr. 842 (1982); ¹⁰ Martin v. Martin, 507 So.2d 1136, 1137 (Pearson, J., concurring) (Fla.Dist.Ct.App.1987); Scherberger v. Scherberger, 260 Ga. 635, 636, 398 S.E.2d 363 (1990); Reynolds v. Reynolds, 681 S.W.2d 522, 525-526 (Mo.App.1984); Schaeffer v. Schaeffer, 184 N.J.Super. 423, 428-429, 446 A.2d 537 (1982). Contra Lambert v. Lambert, 403 So.2d 484, 486 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App.1981); Messal v. Messal, 424 So.2d 932, 933 (Fla.Dist.Ct.App.1983); Markham v. Markham, ...