Lucom v. Atlantic Nat. Bank of West Palm Beach
| Decision Date | 10 July 1957 |
| Citation | 97 So.2d 478 |
| Parties | Virginia Willys LUCOM (Formerly Virginia Willys de Landa), Appellant, v. ATLANTIC NATIONAL BANK OF WEST PALM BEACH, Potter, Langbein & Burdick, J. W. Salisbury, Appellees. |
| Court | Florida Supreme Court |
Clyde Trammell, Jr., West Palm Beach, and Charles M. Trammell, Washington, D.C., for appellant.
J. W. Salisbury, Palm Beach, for appellees.
This appeal brings here for review an order of the Circuit Court of Palm Beach County affirming an order of the County Judge approving a final accounting of the appellee, Atlantic National Bank of West Palm Beach, as guardian of the property of the appellant during her alleged incompetency, and awarding fees and costs to the guardian and its attorneys. The appellant's principal contentions here are (1) that neither the guardian nor its attorneys are entitled to compensation because the entire guardianship proceedings were null and void; and (2) that, even if compensation is allowable, the County Judge erroneously applied a straight percentage of the gross value of the estate in fixing the amount of compensation payable to the guardian and its attorneys without considering the actual value of the services rendered.
The background against which these questions must be decided is as follows: Appellant was first adjudicated incompetent by the County Judge of Palm Beach County, Florida, in December 1952 during her confinement in the Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia, Pa., for treatment of a mental illness. She was released from the hospital in April 1953 and was judicially restored to competency by order of the Circuit Court of Palm Beach County in May 1953. The appellee bank was appointed and acted as co-guardian of appellant's property during this period of incompetency. In July of 1953 her illness recurred and she voluntarily returned to the same hospital for further treatment. In what was apparently an attempt to follow the procedure approved in In re Cameron's Estate, 158 Fla. 91, 28 So.2d 110, for obtaining the appointment of a guardian of the property in this state of a Florida resident who is adjudged incompetent by the court of another state while temporarily residing there, a habeas corpus proceeding was initiated in a Pennsylvania court by appellant's son and daughter, allegedly on behalf of appellant, under the provisions of the Pennsylvania Mental Health Act of 1951, Sec. 1071 et seq., 50 Purdon's Pa.Law. This proceeding culminated in an order of the Pennsylvania court, dated Sept. 15, 1953, finding that appellant was 'mentally ill' within the meaning of that Act defining 'mental illness' as 'an illness which so lessens the capacity of a person to use his customary self-control, judgment and discretion in the conduct of his affairs and social relations as to make it necessary or advisable for him to be under care', and declining to release appellant from the Pennsylvania Hospital. Upon the basis of this order and the transcript of the habeas corpus proceedings in which it was entered, the County Judge of Palm Beach County, by order dated October 7, 1953, re-appointed the appellee bank as guardian of the property of the appellant, the petition for such appointment having been filed by the appellant's son and daughter, both sui juris. The appellant was released from the Pennsylvania Hospital in December 1953 and returned to her home in Palm Beach, Florida. Sometime after May 1954 she established residence in the state of New York and, in October 1954, was adjudicated to be competent to manage her property by a court of that jurisdiction. The questions presented here and in the court below arose upon objections filed by the appellant to the bank's final accounting of its administration of her estate and application for compensation for itself and its attorneys.
There is some merit to the appellant's contention that an order adjudicating that a person is so mentally ill as to require further treatment in a hospital is not an adjudication of 'incompetency' insofar as the ability to manage property is concerned. Cf. In re Weightman's Estate, 1937, 126 Pa.Super. 221, 190 A. 552; In re Refior, 1947, 160 Pa.Super. 305, 50 A.2d 523, 527; In re Lambert, 1954, 33 N.J. Super. 90, 109 A.2d 423; Fleming v. Bithell, 1935, 56 Idaho 261, 52 P.2d 1099; People v. McConnell, 1927, 80 Cal.App. 789, 252 P. 1068; Manello v. Bornstine, 1954, 44 Wash.2d 769, 270 P.2d 1059. But this question need not be decided, since we are here dealing with a fait accompli--the appellee bank was re-appointed by the County Judge, accepted the guardianship in good faith, and has executed the trust to the best of its ability. Even if not a guardian de jure, the bank was a guardian de facto of the appellant's property and, as such, is entitled to an equitable credit for expenditures which were made in good faith for the ward, Alexander v. Hillebrand, 1905, 140 Mich. 490, 103 N.W. 849; Smith v. Cameron, 1909, 158 Mich. 174, 122 N.W. 564; Pemberton v. Leatherwood, Tex.Civ.App.1949, 218 S.W.2d 500; Maryland Casualty Co. v. Lawing, 1945, 225 N.C. 103, 33 S.E.2d 609; In re Beisel's Estate, 1895, 110 Cal. 267, 40 P. 961; and, in the proper circumstances, a guardian de facto is entitled to reasonable compensation for its services in behalf of the ward. See Kelly v. Kelly, 1931, 89 Mont. 229, 297 P. 470; Jessup v. Jessup, 1897, 17 Ind.App. 177, 46 N.E. 550; Harwood v. Boardman, 1866, 38 Vt. 554. But see Powers v. Chisman, 1950, 217 Ark. 508, 231 S.W.2d 598.
In all the circumstances here, we think the appellee bank is entitled to compensation for its services rendered in good faith to the appellant and that the lower courts did not err in so holding. The same thing is true of the services of counsel employed by the appellee bank.
But the compensation allowable to the bank, as guardian, must be 'just and reasonable', Sec. 745.32, Fla.Stat.1955, F.S.A.; and those allowable to the attorneys must have been rendered 'to the ward or to the guardian in the ward's behalf', Sec. 745.33, Fla.Stat.1955, F.S.A. In the absence of statutory authorization...
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Lucom v. Atlantic National Bank of West Palm Beach, Fla.
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