Maddox v. Elbert County Chamber of Commerce, Inc.

• Decision Date: 28 April 1989
• Docket Number: No. A89A0112,A89A0112
• Citation: 382 S.E.2d 150,191 Ga.App. 478
• Parties: MADDOX v. ELBERT COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, INC.
• Court: Georgia Court of Appeals

Page 150

382 S.E.2d 150

191 Ga.App. 478

MADDOX v. ELBERT COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, INC.

No. A89A0112.

Court of Appeals of Georgia.

April 28, 1989.

Rehearing Denied May 8, 1989.

Certiorari Denied June 8, 1989.

Galis & Packer, Kennedy R. Packer, Athens, for appellant.

Heard, Leverett & Phelps, R. Chris Phelps, Cynthia G. Weaver, Elberton, for appellee.

BIRDSONG, Judge.

We granted this discretionary appeal from the judgment of the Elbert County Superior Court, which reversed the award of the State Board of Workers' Compensation on grounds, inter alia, that there was no "credible evidence" (emphasis supplied) to support the board's award.

Artis Maddox applied for workers' compensation for an injury she claimed was incurred while she was performing the duties of her job. Ms. Dorothy McDonald, Executive Vice-President of appellee Chamber of Commerce, hired Ms. Maddox "to work at the Civic Center...." Ms. McDonald had the authority "to direct the time, place and manner of her work activities...." Ms. Maddox was paid by checks written on "the bank account in the name of the Chamber of Commerce." Ms. McDonald, in her capacity as executive vice-president of appellee, issued Ms. Maddox a "Separation Notice" and forwarded the notice to the Georgia Department of Labor which listed Maddox' employer as "Elbert County Chamber of Commerce, Inc." The federal tax form W-2 issued to Ms. Maddox listed her employer as "Elbert County Chamber of Commerce, Inc."

The ALJ found that Maddox was an employee of the Elbert County Chamber of Commerce, that she incurred her injury while moving tables setting up a meeting in the civic center, and had been disabled since she left her job at the Chamber of Commerce. The full board made the award of the ALJ the award of the board. The employer appealed to the Elbert County Superior Court. The court found that during the hearing before the ALJ, after the claimant had presented its witness and the employer had called its "first witness, the Administrative Law Judge interrupted the questioning, and summarily ruled that Claimant was 'an employee of the Chamber of Commerce,' further commenting, 'Let's not waste anymore time on that' ... precluding the Employer from introducing any further evidence on the question...." The court below held this was "clearly improper, and is grounds for reversal." Hart v. Owens-Illinois, 165 Ga.App. 681, 302 S.E.2d 701 was cited as authority for this ruling.

The court also found "there is no competent and credible evidence in the record to support [the board and ALJ] finding" that claimant "sustained an injury arising out of the course of her employment, and that she has been disabled ever since she left work at the Chamber." (Emphasis supplied.) This ruling was based upon the court's conclusion that "[t]he only evidence whatsoever that Claimant had a work-related injury is Claimant's own statements to that effect." Because Claimant is a party at interest, her credibility is suspect at best, and therefore, without any confirmatory evidence, is not competent to support a verdict. Brown Transport Co. v. Parker, 129 Ga.App. 737 (201 SE2d 17) (1983). "There is simply no competent evidence to support the finding that Cla imant was injured while performing her duties for Employer...." (Emphasis supp lied.)

The court further found "there again [was] no credible evidence that proper notice was given to Employer, as required by the Act. Counsel for Claimant testified that he called Mrs. McDonald 'for purposes of making inquiry as to whether or not Workers' Compensation was available,' but fails to testify that he specifically told Mrs. McDonald ... about the circumstances surrounding the injury ... or that a work-related injury was being alleged.... Claimant had the burden of proving proper notice, but, from the record before the Court, failed to do so." (Emphasis supplied.) Held:

1. Appellant claims the superior court erred "in finding a lack of any evidence to support the finding of the Board of Workers' Compensation on the issues of [a] employment of appellant by appellee, [b] of work related injury, of [c] disability and [d] of notice."

(a) The ALJ and board found sufficient evidence of record to establish employment of the claimant by appellee. Appellant's contention that the court erred "in finding a lack of any evidence to support" the ALJ and board's finding that claimant was an employee is not an accurate assessment of the court's ruling. The court found that the ALJ improperly terminated a hearing into this issue and precluded the employer from introducing further evidence in question--and reversed. There was evidence presented that the executive vice-president of appellee hired and fired the claimant, that she directed "the time, place and manner of her work activities," that claimant was paid on Chamber of Commerce checks, drawn on a Chamber of Commerce bank account, that the W-2 listed the Chamber of Commerce as claimant's employer, and the Georgia Department of Labor was notified that the Chamber of Commerce was claimant's employer. Appellee called Ms. McDonald as a witness and following her testimony, counsel for the Chamber of Commerce told the ALJ: "That's all I have." The ALJ ruled: "I'm going to hold she's an employee of the Chamber of Commerce. Let's not waste anymore time on that. [COUNSEL FOR CLAIMANT]: I've got nothing more. THE COURT: You can go down. Are you through? [COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE]: Yes, sir."

Counsel for the Chamber of Commerce advised the ALJ that he had submitted all that he had. The court inquired: "Are you through?" Counsel said that he was. No objection was made to the procedure followed. No request was made to present further evidence. No offer of proof of what an additional witness would testify to was proffered. The ALJ may have been misled by counsel's statements that he was through and acceded to the ALJ's ruling. However, this court has held that " '(n)o matter how erroneous the ruling might have been (and we express no opinion on this question), a litigant cannot submit to a ruling, acquiesce in the ruling, and still complain of same. He is required to stand his ground and fight in order to successfully enumerate as error an erroneous ruling by the trial judge. Acquiescence completely deprives him of the right to complain further; he has agreed that the trial court's ruling was correct by submitting to it.' " Ewing v. Johnston, 175 Ga.App. 760, 765-766, 334 S.E.2d 703; accord J & F Car Care Svc. v. Russell Corp., 166 Ga.App. 888, 305 S.E.2d 504; Marlow v. Lanier, 157 Ga.App. 184, 185, 276 S.E.2d 867. Failure to object to the procedure amounts to waiver. Holder v. J.F. Kearley, Inc., 153 Ga.App. 843, 845(1), 267 S.E.2d 266. Further, counsel for appellee made no request to be allowed to present further evidence or attempted to make a proffer of what any additional witness would testify to. It is well-settled that in order to preserve a ground of objection relating to the exclusion of oral testimony, it is necessary that the complaining party show what he expects to prove, and that the evidence is material, relevant, and beneficial. Cambron v. Canal Ins. Co., 246 Ga. 147, 152, 269 S.E.2d 426; Hendrix v. Byers Bldg. Supply, 167 Ga.App. 878, 880, 307 S.E.2d 759. Hence, as a matter of law, the superior court erred in holding that the ALJ improperly terminated the hearing and precluded appellee from presenting further evidence on the issue of the claimant's employer.

(b), (c) Error is enumerated in the finding of the superior court that "there is no competent and credible evidence in the record to support [the] finding" of the board and ALJ that claimant sustained an injury arising out of her employment and has been disabled since that injury. Claimant testified that she sustained the injury while performing...