McLaughlin v. McLaughlin, 0904-85

• Decision Date: 01 July 1986
• Docket Number: No. 0904-85,0904-85
• Citation: 2 Va.App. 463,346 S.E.2d 535
• Court: Virginia Court of Appeals
• Parties: Sara Gibbs McLAUGHLIN v. Edwin William McLAUGHLIN. Record

Page 535

346 S.E.2d 535

2 Va.App. 463

Sara Gibbs McLAUGHLIN v. Edwin William McLAUGHLIN.

Record No. 0904-85.

Court of Appeals of Virginia.

July 1, 1986.

Edward T. Caton, III (Caton & Koch, P.C., Virginia Beach, on brief), for appellant.

Grover C. Wright, Jr., Virginia Beach, for appellee.

Present: BAKER, BARROW and HODGES, JJ.

JOSEPH E. BAKER, Judge.

This is an appeal by Sara Gibbs McLaughlin (wife) from a final decree of divorce entered by the trial court which denied her request for a divorce and spousal support from Edwin William McLaughlin (husband). In addition, the decree awarded husband a divorce on the ground of desertion and made an equitable distribution award to wife based on evidence contained in the record as to the value of husband's military pension.

Wife asserts that the trial court erred when:

(1) it denied her prayer for spousal support and for divorce on the ground of cruelty;

(2) it found that husband was entitled to a divorce on the ground of desertion; and

(3) it, first, awarded an inadequate marital distribution sum and, second, permitted that sum to be paid in monthly installments, without interest, and failed to make any unpaid balance chargeable against husband's estate.

For the reasons hereinafter set forth, we affirm.

I.

On December 8, 1983, wife filed a bill of complaint which alleged that husband had been guilty of cruelty toward her which caused her to abandon the family home on December 6, 1983. She alleged that the cruel conduct occurred "commencing on or about November 6, 1983, and continuing to the date of her leaving." The prayer of her bill sought a divorce, spousal support, custody and support for an infant child, attorneys' fees, costs and an equitable distribution of marital property.

Husband filed an answer and cross-bill denying the cruelty charged by wife and asking that wife's bill of complaint be dismissed, that he be granted a divorce on the ground of desertion, and that the marital property be equitably distributed.

On May 3, 1984, the trial court entered a decree referring the matter to a commissioner in chancery with directions to take testimony, receive evidence and make a report to the trial court concerning all matters well pleaded.

On February 3, 1985, the commissioner conducted an ore tenus hearing, received stipulations and exhibits, and heard the testimony of the parties and their witnesses. On May 8, 1985, he filed a report in the clerk's office of the trial court.

The commissioner reported that the parties and their witnesses appeared before him in person after proper notice and that all jurisdictional requirements were proved. His report further stated that wife's testimony and that of her witnesses offered to support the allegations of cruelty and desertion lacked sufficient corroboration; therefore he found "that the complainant (wife) deserted and abandoned the defendant without just cause or provocation on December 6, 1983." The report then recommended that a divorce a vinculo matrimonii be granted to husband pursuant to Code § 20-91(6), and that wife's bill of complaint be dismissed.

Wife excepted to the portions of the commissioner's report of which she now complains. Husband's exceptions to that report asserted that the equitable distribution award should not be a charge against his estate, and that payments of the award should be made if and when the pension monies are in hand. The trial court overruled wife's exceptions and sustained the exceptions made by husband.

Wife's brief on appeal sets forth thirteen separate assignments of error which are combined and adequately stated in the second paragraph of this opinion. We will review the applicable law and evidence relating to the allegations of error in the order as there set forth.

II.

Where the evidence is heard by a commissioner and not ore tenus by the trial court, the decree is not given the same weight as a jury verdict, Hoffecker v. Hoffecker, 200 Va. 119, 124, 104 S.E.2d 771, 774-75 (1958), but if the decree is supported by substantial, competent and credible evidence in depositions, it will not be overturned. Capps v. Capps, 216 Va. 382, 384, 219 S.E.2d 898, 899 (1975). Moreover, a judgment of the trial court will not be set aside on the ground that it is contrary to the law and the evidence unless it appears from the evidence that such judgment is plainly wrong or without evidence to support it. Code § 8.01-680.

The misconduct of an offending spouse which will justify the other in leaving must be so serious that it makes the relationship intolerable or unendurable. Hoback v. Hoback, 208 Va. 432, 436, 158 S.E.2d 113, 116 (1967).

The law does not permit courts to sever marriage bonds and to break up households merely because husband and wife, through unruly tempers, lack of patience and uncongenial natures, live unhappily together. It requires them to submit to the ordinary consequences of human infirmities and unwise selections, and the misconduct which will form a good ground for legal separation must be very serious and such as amounts to extreme cruelty, entirely subversive of the family relations, rendering the association intolerable.

Hoffecker, 200 Va. at 125-26, 104 S.E.2d at 776 (1958) (quoting Butler v. Butler, 145 Va. 85, 88, 133 S.E. 756, 757 (1926)).

A review of the bill of complaint discloses that the stated ground upon which wife sought a divorce from husband was for conduct which occurred only during an approximate thirty day period immediately prior to the time she left the marital abode. Her bill of complaint set forth the following allegation:

Defendant has been cruelly abusing the plaintiff and specifically commencing on or about November 6, 1983, when he was physically abusive, causing reasonable apprehension of bodily hurt and thereafter continuing from time to time and more specifically, on or about November 23, 1983, when he again physically abused the plaintiff. When she attempted to protect herself by locking a bedroom door he broke down the door, came into the room where she was and again physically abused her, causing her to fear for her safety, and finally on December 3, 1983, violently threw her breakfast away from her ordering that she no longer eat in her home, all requiring the plaintiff to abandon her home and separate from the defendant on December 6, 1983.

The parties were married on June 27, 1964. According to the bill of complaint, husband's alleged cruel acts commenced "on or about November 6, 1983," almost twenty years after the marriage.

In September, 1983, wife confronted husband with a statement that she was unhappy with the marriage and that divorce seemed to be the solution to her unhappiness. Husband testified that this was not a new suggestion, for as long ago as 1976 she had expressed a desire to end the marriage. He further testified, without denial by wife, that she stated that she had made a mistake twenty years before when she married him.

To support the claims quoted above from her bill of complaint wife testified that after she had spoken to husband concerning a divorce he became angry and ordered her from their bedroom; that he angrily broke a chair in her presence; that he physically removed her from her son's bedroom; that he ripped the comic pages from her hand; that he broke in a door to a bedroom in which she was having a private telephone conversation; that he closed their joint bank accounts and placed the monies therefrom in his name only; that on one occasion he threw her breakfast against the wall when she refused to cook for him; and that he took the children out to dinner to celebrate the parties' daughter's sixteenth birthday without inviting her.

No one saw husband break the chair, but he admitted slamming it to the floor during an argument. He admitted taking her by the arm and removing her from their son's bedroom, but asserted that no unusual force was used. Wife did not claim injury or produce evidence of the use of force which made marks at any place on her body. Their eighteen year old son corroborated husband grabbing the comics from wife's hand, but described the incident as one in which wife was in equal fault. Husband admitted breaking the door but stated that he lost his temper when he overheard wife talking on the phone to a recently divorced friend of hers and saying words from which it might be inferred that she was looking for an excuse to leave rather than attempting to rectify an unhappy situation. Husband explained the birthday dinner incident by noting that wife had earlier celebrated their daughter's birthday to his exclusion, and added that in view of the tense parental situation it was better to separately celebrate the birthday.

The evidence supports the judgment of the trial court that wife did not prove cruelty on the part of husband and for this reason, that portion of the decree is affirmed.

III.

The marriage lasted twenty years. Prior to September 1983, there was no evidence of any act by husband which wife claimed to be...