McLaughlin v. State

• Decision Date: 24 October 1934
• Docket Number: No. 16966.,16966.
• Citation: 76 S.W.2d 768
• Parties: McLAUGHLIN v. STATE.
• Court: Texas Court of Criminal Appeals

76 S.W.2d 768

McLAUGHLIN v. STATE.

No. 16966.

Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.

October 24, 1934.

Rehearing Denied December 12, 1934.

Commissioners' Decision.

Appeal from Criminal District Court, Jefferson County; R. L. Murray, Judge.

T. C. McLaughlin was convicted of murder, and he appeals.

Affirmed.

David E. O'Fiel, John A. Veillon, Tom C. Stephenson, and O. M. Lord, all of Beaumont, and Xavier Christ, of Port Arthur, for appellant.

Lloyd W. Davidson, State's Atty., of Austin, for the State.

KRUEGER, Judge.

The appellant was tried and convicted of the offense of murder, and his punishment assessed at confinement in the state penitentiary for a term of 15 years.

The testimony adduced upon the trial, briefly stated, is as follows: The appellant and deceased at the time of the difficulty had been married about 2 years. It appears from the record that they did not get along very well; that he had whipped her on one or two occasions and had instituted suit for a divorce which was pending at the time of her death. On Saturday evening, October 21, 1933, the appellant and deceased went to town in his automobile for the purpose of purchasing some groceries. When they returned to the apartment, a son of deceased, accompanied by two young ladies, made them a short visit. After these parties left, the deceased and appellant ate supper, and after supper deceased suggested that they go to the home of her cousin to get a heater, and from there they went to the Chandler Hotel where they visited with Mr. and Mrs. Chandler until about midnight. When they left there, they went riding, and after riding a while they drove up to a restaurant which was run by Mr. and Mrs. Stalsby. The appellant called Mr. Stalsby out and asked him if he would see that Mrs. McLaughlin got home, as he (appellant) was not going home with her. Mr. Stalsby agreed to do so, whereupon the appellant left in his car, leaving the deceased at the restaurant. At about 1 a. m., when Mr. and Mrs. Stalsby closed their place of business for the night, they accompanied Mrs. McLaughlin to within one-half block of her home from where she went to her home by herself. About 1:30 a. m., the appellant came home and soon thereafter Mrs. Perkins, who occupied an adjoining apartment to that of the appellant and his wife, heard a disturbance in the appellant's apartment and heard Mrs. McLaughlin calling for help. She heard Mrs. McLaughlin say, "Come quick, he is killing me, he is choking me," and then she heard the appellant say, "Yes, damn you, I will kill you." Mrs. Perkins then called Mr. Morgan, who also occupied an apartment in the same building, and asked him to go into the apartment of the appellant and stop him or do something. Mr. Morgan responded to the request of Mrs. Perkins, and, as he started into the hallway leading into the McLaughlin apartment, he heard appellant say, "I came in and she (deceased) jumped on me like a cat, fighting, scratching me and biting me and I tried to knock the top of her damned head off." Mr. Morgan saw Mrs. McLaughlin sitting in a rocking chair with her head leaning back and apparently resting her chin on her hands, and as the disturbance seemed to have quieted he returned to his apartment, but in a few minutes thereafter the appellant rushed out of his back door and said to Mr. Morgan, "She is dead." It was somewhere about 20 minutes between the time Mrs. Perkins first heard Mrs. McLaughlin calling for help until she was dead. The undertaker who prepared the body for burial and two other parties testified that they examined the deceased and found that she had a bruise on each cheek and a fracture of the skull over the left eye. The appellant's version of the unfortunate affair is as follows: The deceased became offended at him when they left the hotel and began to quarrel; that he decided to drive around town for a while so as to give her time to quiet down, as he did not want to go home while she was in such a frame of mind as she might disturb the occupants of the apartment, but apparently she did not quit quarreling, and then he took her to the restaurant and requested Mr. Stalsby to take her home while he drove around for a while to give her time to go home and go to sleep, but that when he reached home and entered the apartment she jumped at him like a cat, attacked him with a hand mirror, and began to scratch and bite him; that in order to stop her he slapped her and shoved her away, which caused her to fall on a rocking chair; that he did not strike her with anything but his hands; that what he did was in self-defense, and that the actual cause of her death was the result of an accident.

By bill of exception No. 1, the appellant complains of the action of the trial court in permitting Mrs. Perkins to testify that she heard the appellant striking and choking the deceased because the same was but an opinion and conclusion of the witness. The testimony, however, shows that the witness was familiar with the deceased's voice; that she heard the deceased say, "He is killing me, he is choking me," and she heard him striking the deceased; that the witness was familiar with deceased's voice and recognized it; that she heard deceased say, "He is killing me, he is choking me," is not an opinion or conclusion of the witness, and that she heard the blows when he was striking her was not a conclusion of the witness, but the statement of a fact.

By bill of exception No. 2, the appellant complains of the following argument employed by the district attorney: "I know what could have produced the wound or alleged fracture in the skull of the deceased. A blackjack could have produced it"—to which appellant objected because there was no evidence that the fractured skull was caused by a black-jack. The indictment charged that "T. C. McLaughlin did unlawfully, voluntarily, and with malice aforethought kill Ida McLaughlin in some manner and by some means, instruments, and weapons to the grand jurors unknown." There was no direct proof as to what means, if any, the appellant employed in inflicting the injury resulting in her death. There was testimony given by several witnesses that the skin was not broken at the place of the fracture. It is our opinion that, under the allegations in the indictment and the testimony showing the condition of deceased's head, any inference which would be a reasonable and plausible deduction from the facts and circumstances would not be improper, but the bill of exception also shows that the court at the request of the appellant instructed the jury to disregard the argument which, we think, from the light of the record, cured the error, if any there was.

By bill of exception No. 3 the appellant complains of the action of the trial court in permitting the undertaker to testify that he found deceased's skull fractured and in his opinion the injury was sufficient to cause death, to which appellant objected on the ground that the undertaker was not qualified to express an opinion as to what caused the death of deceased, that he was not a physician or surgeon, etc. The undertaker had testified that he was a qualified, licensed, and experienced embalmer; that he had been engaged in the business several years. We think that human intelligence, coupled with the human experience of an embalmer, would be a sufficient qualification to authorize an expression of an opinion as to the cause of death in such instances, and, in support of the views here expressed, we refer to the case of Smith v. State, 104 Tex. Cr. R. 567, 285 S. W. 1094, and the case of Espinoza v. State, 73 Tex. Cr. R. 237, 165 S. W. 208.

Bill of exception No. 4 complains of similar matters as bill of exception No. 1, and is overruled for the same reasons there stated.

By bill of exception No. 5, the appellant complains of the action of the trial court in permitting the state to prove by Mary Orr that during 1932 the deceased had a broken arm; that appellant came home drunk one day and offered a drink to deceased, which she refused; that he (the appellant) pulled the deceased's hair, kicked her, slapped her, and tried to break her arm again, to which testimony he objected because it was too remote; that it related to separate and distinct offenses and did not involve moral turpitude. It has been consistently held by this court that prior assaults, former grudges, and former quarrels between the parties may be proven to show ill will and malice of the accused at the time of the alleged offense and to establish a motive. See Sullivan v. State, 31 Tex. Cr. R. 486, 20 S. W. 927, 37 Am. St. Rep. 826; Hill v. State, 74 Tex. Cr. R. 481, 168 S. W. 864; Branch's Ann. P. C., § 1881.

By bill of exception No. 6 the appellant complains of the action of the trial court in permitting L. B. Maddox, a policeman, to testify that he went to appellant's apartment about 9 a. m. on the day of the alleged homicide; that he found the bed disarranged, that he found two trunks and two rocking chairs, a sewing machine, and a table; that the bed sheets had some blood on them; that he found in the tray of a trunk the stock of a 12-gauge shotgun and the barrel of said gun on the bottom of the trunk; that he found a mark on the sheets that looked like a metal instrument had been laid on the sheet; that he found rusty places about...