Moore v. Eason

• Decision Date: 31 December 1850
• Citation: 11 Ired. 568,33 N.C. 568
• Court: North Carolina Supreme Court
• Parties: DOE ON DEMISE OF WILLIAM MOORE v. MILLICENT EASON.

11 Ired. 568

33 N.C. 568

DOE ON DEMISE OF WILLIAM MOORE

v.MILLICENT EASON.

Supreme Court of North Carolina.

December Term, 1850.

Parol evidence may be admitted to show a custom or usage of a place, where a contract is entered into, for the purpose of annexing incidents to, and explaining the meaning of terms used in it. But before the incident can be annexed, the contract itself, as made, must be proved. The incident cannot be used to establish the contract, nor can it be inconsistent with the terms of the contract.

Appeal from the Superior Court of Law of Pitt County, at the Fall Term 1849, his Honor Judge BATTLE presiding.

Rodman, for the plaintiff .

No counsel for the defendant.

NASH, J.

This action in ejectment is to recover from the defendant a house and lot in the Town of Greenville, in the County of Pitt. The demise is laid on the first of January?? 1849. The plaintiff claims, that the defendant entered into possession of the premises in 1848 as his tenant, and produced evidence tending to prove the fact to be so. In order to show, that the tenancy had expired at the date of the demise, set forth in the declaration, he offered to prove, that it was the general usage in the Town of Greenville for all leases to expire on the day next before the 1st of each January. This evidence was objected to, but was admitted by the Court. There was a verdict for the plaintiff and from the judgment thereon the defendant appealed.

The only question now presented is, as to the admissibility of this testimony, under the circumstances, under which it was offered. We must take the case as it is sent to us. There cannot be a doubt, that parol evidence may be admitted to show a custom or usage of a place where a contract is entered into, for the purpose of annexing incidents to and explaining the meaning of terms used in it. The leading case on the subject is that of Hutton v. Warren, 1 Mason and Welbsly, 466. In that case it was decided, that the plaintiff was at liberty to show a custom, by which a tenant, cultivating the premises, according to the course of good husbandry, was entitled on quitting to receive a reasonable allowance for seed and labor bestowed on the arable land in the last year of his tenancy, &c. The custom, however, is admissible in proof, not for the purpose of establishing the contract, but to add an incident not expressly embraced in it, and in reference to which the parties are presumed to have contracted. Thus, if the...