Morelli v. Morelli
| Decision Date | 26 June 1986 |
| Docket Number | No. 16705,16705 |
| Citation | 720 P.2d 704,102 Nev. 326 |
| Parties | Lisa Jo MORELLI, Appellant, v. Robert J. MORELLI, Respondent. |
| Court | Nevada Supreme Court |
This appeal arises out of a settlement agreement between respondent and appellant's mother (hereinafter wife), entered into in March 1977. The settlement agreement was later ratified, approved and incorporated as part of the decree of divorce. That agreement provided that respondent would pay alimony to the wife until 1982. The alimony payment included funds for child support. The agreement also provided that in the event of the wife's death or remarriage, respondent would remain obligated to pay $475 per month per child for child support.
The agreement further specified that respondent would pay child support until each child reached the age of majority, died, married or was emancipated, provided, however, that such payments would continue until twenty-two years of age for each child who attended college and maintained a "C" average or better.
Finally, the agreement provided that respondent would also pay the costs of tuition for college "as the parties may reasonably agree upon as the college or other school most appropriate for attendance by such child or children."
At the time the agreement was entered into, appellant was fourteen years old. The wife died about two years later. After living for a time with respondent, appellant decided to move in with another family. At that time, respondent paid the family $5,400 for appellant's support until she turned eighteen. After appellant's eighteenth birthday, respondent paid no additional child support. Appellant started college in the fall after graduation from high school. She always maintained better than a "C" average.
The district court found that respondent was responsible for the costs of appellant's tuition, but was not responsible for child support arrearages due, in part, to appellant's lack of standing to enforce such payments. For the reasons set forth below, we reverse and remand to the district court.
Appellant contends that she does have standing to enforce the provisions of the property settlement agreement. We agree. It is clear that appellant is an intended third party beneficiary of the agreement between her parents. Lipshie v. Tracy Investment Co., 93 Nev. 370, 566 P.2d 819 (1977). It is also clear that the agreement includes specific provisions in case of the wife's death. Normally courts are reluctant to give children standing to enforce the payment of child support because the party directly entitled to receive such payments, usually the custodial parent, is responsible for managing the child's financial needs and accordingly, should and ordinarily would seek enforcement. However, courts have recognized that special circumstances may arise that give the child standing. In Drake v. Drake, 89 A.D.2d 207, 455 N.Y.S.2d 420 (1982), the Supreme Court of New York addressed the case of a child who sued to enforce the terms of a separation agreement between her parents. In that case, the court determined that the child lacked standing, however, the court stated:
We have no doubt that circumstances may arise, such as death or disability, or outright refusal of a contracting parent to seek enforcement of periodic support provisions for a child, which would give a child the necessary standing to enforce the agreement.
Id., 455 N.Y.S.2d at 424. The special circumstances giving rise to the recognition of standing in a child to enforce an order of support exist in the case before us. We conclude that appellant has standing.
Respondent entered into a contract wherein he agreed to pay child support. There is no evidence in the record of any defense that would relieve respondent of his responsibilities under that contract. The agreement specifically provides that respondent will pay child support until each child reaches the age of twenty-two if the child attends college and maintains at least a "C" average. The evidence in the record shows that appellant fulfilled these requirements. Generally, a contract will be interpreted in accordance with the intentions of the parties. See Club v. Investment Co., 64 Nev. 312, 182 P.2d 1011 (1947). Nevertheless, respondent asks this Court to uphold the decision of the trial court as to child support because appellant...
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