Omerod v. Heirs of Kaheananui
| Citation | 172 P.3d 983 |
| Decision Date | 15 November 2007 |
| Docket Number | No. 27118.,27118. |
| Court | Supreme Court of Hawai'i |
| Parties | Clara Apiki OMEROD, Marvalene K. Apiki Adams, Basil Apiki, Jr., Rowena Kaulia, Mary L.K. Paris, and Bernadette Shipley, Plaintiffs-Appellants v. HEIRS OF Kainoa Kupuna KAHEANNAUI, Defendants/Third-Party Plaintiffs/Cross-Claimants/Counter-Claimants/Cross-Appellants and Samuel K. Kaluna, Jr., Richard Hale Kaluna, Gary Poha Kaluna, Harriet A. Mamone, Esther K. Beck, Yvonne Ke, Leinaala Silva, Raymond Silva, Robert Silva, Thomas Silva, Jr., Marie Ah Yee, James Yoshida, Gary Napoleon, Ronald Kahee, Jr., Sarah Ann Kahee, and Shelly Ann Napoleon, Defendants/Cross-Appellants and Delano R. Keohokapu, Judith Kaui Koffman, Lily K. Farm, Joseph K. Keohokapu, Jr., Adeline Keohokapu Mandac, Doreen Makuakane, Barbara Cox, Audrey K. Yara, Peter Keohokapu, Arlene Wanda Iwalani McArthur and Benedict Aliiloaokaaina Solomon, Defendants-Appellants, and C. Brewer and Company, Ltd.; Mauna Kea Agribusiness, Co., Inc.; Ka`u Agribusiness Co., Inc.; and The Nature Conservancy, a District of Columbia Non-Profit Corporation, Defendants-Appellees and State of Hawai`i; State of Hawaii Office of Hawaiian Affairs; Clarence A. Medeiros, Jr., The Unknown Heirs and Assigns of the following: Kahuku, Puhi, `Apiki, Kea; Kalakolohe, Ikiiki, Kapewa; Manuhaaipo, Moanalua, Kahooioi, Helehewa, Keamo, Kamana, and Mahuka; Doe Persons 1-10; Doe Partnerships 1-10; Doe Corporations 1-10; Roe "Non Profit" Corporations 1-10 and Roe Governmental Entities 1-10; Thomas Okuna; Ka`u Sugar, Inc.; Unknown Heirs and Assigns of the following: E. Moa Puhi, Emma Pahoa, Nahuina, Joe, Christina Kapulani, Koluwahine, Keohokapu, Kauwa, Keoho, Kaoiwiaka, Kenui, Kamauu, Kalala, Kawelu, Ahia, Kaleo, Kekua, Kaha Nuahema, Kuaiwa, Kahula, Awihi, Kaoo, Kekupu, Kailiki, Ana, Nakookoo, Kaai, Kaaihuila, Kaaikuila, Lanae, Oliver Apiki, Leialoha Apiki, Clement Apiki, also known as C.K. Apiki, also known as C.A. Kahoomanawanui, Kahiona Apiki, Basil K. Apiki, Kahiilani Apiki, Maggie Kahoomanwanui, Malakina Apiki, George Apiki, Stephen K. Apiki, One Kimo Apiki, Caroline Apiki, Anna Apiki, Pauline Moanalua, Sylvester Apiki, Paulina Apiki, Joseph Enaena, Clement Iaea, Clement Enaena, Margaret Ahakuelo, Agnes Kahiona Lapaela, Agnes Clark, Jennie Enaena Wright, Raphael John Kelii Ahakuelo, Mary Ludloff, C.J. (Margaret) Fette, Elaine Lindsey, Raphael Apiki, Clement Apiki, Benedict K. Apiki, Jeremiah Kanakanui, Jeremiah K. Kanakanui, Jr., James Kanakanui, Jeremiah Kaapana, James Kaapana, Kekelia Apiki, Cecelia Apiki, Kaaehawaii Apiki, Rufina Pawai Apiki, Ruby Apiki, Stephen Apiki, Jr., Caroline Apiki, William Apiki, Mary Apiki, Harold Benjamin H. Bright, Happy H. Hanoa, Kelly H. Hanoa, Jr., Kainoa Hanoa, Inenoa Hanoa, Harriet Sibonga, Richard Enaean, Elsie Asuncion, Christopher Kaleiwahea, Benjamin Kaleiwahea, Karen Nalani Panui Muliwai, Priscilla Kealoha Panui White, Darlene Wright Vincente, Albert Wright, Benjamin Wright, Anna Leimomi Ahakuelo Neves, Tanya Pinard, Violet Apiki Punahele, Laura Mahiai, Haroldine Puanani Bright Manuel, Elston Louis Hooper, Katherine Ah Nee, Joseph Enaena, Jr., Basil K. Ahakuelo, Doreen P. Ahakuelo, Louella I. Ahakuelo, Margaret Kahiilani Enaean, Joseph Kailii Enaena, Jr., Abraham Kaloa Enaena, Luvonne Ululani Enaena, Francine Hoku Enaena, Tanya Lynn Piilani Enaena, Tracy Kilauea Iki Enaean, Stacy Mohina Enaena, Robert K. Ah Nee, Jr., Edmund Ah Nee, Patricia Kamalu, Mele Kalua, Kalua Opio, Mariama Kahuakalane, Mariam Kauhane Lane, Richard Carey Lane, Catherine Lane, Clarence K. Lane, Junius E.K. Lane, Rochelle M.K. Tokuhara, Lot C. Lane, Junius E. Lane, Lona K. Urbshot, Gerald Kanekawaiola Urbshot, June L. Tokuhara, Thomas Masao Tokuhara, Moana Gail Lane, Kara E. Lane, Richard Lane, Jr., Miriam K. Lane, Noah Noble Kauhane, Minnie Bolster Kauhane, Noble Hustace Kauhane, Phoebe Reuter, Phoebe Reuter Kauhane, Abraham Hubert Kauhane, Betty Ann Kauhane, Betty Ann Kramer, Kirkland Patrick Kauhane, Dwight Kramer Kauhane, Kyle D. Kauhane, Donna Ann Leinani Kauhane Aquino, David Brian Aquino, Stuart Kauhane, Eileen Lota, Nobleen Fannemel, Francis Kauhane, Ella Kauhane, Francis Kauhane, Jr., Brenda Kauhane, Dorothy Akana, Dorothy Henderson, Priscilla Ho, Katherine Ching, Arthur Ching, Jr., Leona Spencer, Katherine Chang, Richard Melvin Ching, Martha Ayau, Vida Puala Schell, Roblee James Ching, Eunice Noelani Davis, Keith Davis, Kathy Louise Lee, David Keohokapu, Martin Aupuni Keohokapu, Danielle Keohokapu Richard, Andrea Keohokapu, Rose Kauhane Kila, Beven Liilii Kila, Sr., Daisy Kaluaapana Kila Hulama, Edward Sonny Wise, Daisey Kaluaapana Wise, Edward Waiau, Elizabeth Miala Kaahanui, Edward Waiau Wise, George Mosees Hulama, Daisy K. Hulama, Melissa Ann Kamala Hulama, Beven Kila, Jr., Beven Liilii Kila, Jr., Jane Keamalu Kila, Eva Leilani Kila, Eva Leilani Leong, Herbert Akana Leong, Stephanie Naomi Leong, Michael Stephan Kaleiopu, Hubert Akana Leong, Jr., Sylvia Yuk Lan Mamo Tong Leong, Dennis Milton Leong, Karen Annabelle Lordahl Leong, Nadine Keoni Leong Kakalia, David Kupa Kakalia, Danny Akana Kakalia, Eva Leilani Leong Kakalia, David Kupa Kakalia, Jr., Edwina Kakalia, Jennie Leilani Kekalia, George Moses Hulama Leong, Miriam Manohealii Kila, Rose Ilima Kila, Rita Kulamika Kila, Rebecca Lucille K.K. Kila Kauo, Edward Opio Kauo, Noble Hulbert K. Kila, Roert P. Kila, Velmar O. Kalua, Robert P. Kila, Doreen Baptiste, Cheryl Tudor; and all to whom it may concern; also, Pursuant to the requirements of § 669-2(c)(1) HRS, the following are the owners, so far as known, of the kuleanas and other grants in those portions of the Ahupua`a of Hilea where Plaintiffs claim common law property rights and/or Native Tenant Pash rights as identified herein: Heirs and assigns of Nawahine, Patentee of Land Commission Award (hereinafter "LCA") 10371:1; Heirs and assigns of Lonoahiho, Patentee of LCA 9714-B; Heirs and assigns of Kailiawa, Patentee of LCA 9286:1, 2; Heirs and assigns of PUA, Patentee of LCA 10685:1, 2; Heirs and assigns of Wa'apã Patentee of LCA 10952:1; Heirs and assigns of Nailieha, Patentee of LCA 9212-C: 1, 2; Heirs and assigns of KUOAHA, Patentee OF LCA 9172: 1, 2; Heirs and assigns of Kaiiwi, Patentee of LCA 8592; Heirs and assigns of Kahoponui, Patentee of LCA 9086; Heirs and assigns of Pueo and Heirs and assigns of Kainoa Kupuna, Patentees of LCA 10654: 1, 2; Heirs and assigns of Kaia, Patentee of LCA 9125; Heirs and assigns of Keka`a, Patentee of LCA 9091, Heirs and assigns of MOA, Patentee of LCA 7733: 2, 3: Heirs and assigns of AKA, Patentee of LCA 11070; Unknown owner, TMK 9-5-18-15, 10.932 acres; Heirs and assigns of Uluhani, Patentee to LCA 10914:1; Heirs and assigns of Maluae, Patentee of LCA 10190:2; Heirs and assigns of Kanehailua, Patentee of LCA 9195; Unknown heirs and assigns of unknown patentee of LCA 10088; Heirs and assigns of Mahuka, Patentee of LCA 10073; Heirs and assigns of Makapahawa, Patentee of LCA 10094; Heirs and assigns of Kalakolohe, Patentee of LCA 8760-C; Heirs and assigns of Helehewa, Patentee of LCA 9212-B; and Anna E. Searle; C. Brewer and Co., LTD, as owners of TMK 9-5-16-35, which includes portions of Grants 2481, 2943, 2645, 2647, 2651, 2645; and as owners of TMK 9-5-15-3; and TMK 9-5-20, 22, including portions of Grants 13500, S-13775 and 2153; Thomas M. Okuna, as owner of Grant 2648; portion of LCA 9971:11; and Grant 993; State Of Hawai`i, as owner of TMK 9-5-19-1, 2, 28 and TMK 9-5-18-19, Defendants. |
Stanley S. Roehrig and Andrew P. Wilson (Roehrig, Roehrig & Wilson), Hilo; Robert G. Klein (McCorriston Miller Mukai MacKinnon), Honolulu; and Peter V.N. Esser, Honolulu, on the briefs, for plaintiffs-appellants.
Dwayne Stephen Lerma and Jo Anne E. Goya (Lerma & Goya), Hilo; and Alfred P. Lerma, Jr., Kealakekua, on the briefs, for Kaheananui Appellants.
Sherry P. Broder, Honolulu, on the briefs, for Kaluna Appellants.
Gary G. Grimmer (Carlsmith Ball), Honolulu, on the briefs, for Defendants-Appellees C. Brewer & Co. and co-counsel for The Edmund C. Olson Trust 2.
Paul Alston and Lea Hong (Alston Hunt Floyd & Ing), Honolulu, on the briefs, co-counsel for The Edmund C. Olson Trust 2.
Robert Bruce Graham, Jr. and Michael W. Gibson (Ashford & Wriston), Honolulu, on the briefs, for Defendant-Appellee The Nature Conservancy.
Sheryl L. Nicholson and Colin A. Yost (Paul Johnson Park & Niles), Honolulu, on the briefs, for Defendant State of Hawai`i Office of Hawaiian Affairs.
MOON, C.J., NAKAYAMA, ACOBA, JJ., and Circuit Judge MARKS in Place of DUFFY, J., Recused; with LEVINSON, J., Concurring in the Result Only.
This appeal arises from a quiet title action filed in the circuit court of the third circuit1 (the court) involving numerous parties and several dispositions. To summarize, Appellants2 claim an undivided one-half interest in the ahupua`a3 of Hilea Nui under the theory that Prince Lot Kamehameha (Lot) and Chief Leleiohoku (Leleiohoku) were granted a cotenancy in a single ahupua`a known as "Hilea" at the time of the Great Mahele,4 as opposed to receiving grants in fee simple of two separate ahupua`as, Hilea Iki and Hilea Nui. They contend that Hilea Iki and Hilea Nui actually represent `ills, or administrative divisions, of the single ahupua'a of Hilea. Appellants further maintain that the cotenancy created between Lot and Leleiohoku continues to the present, between Appellants (Lot's successors in interest) and Appellees (Leleiohoku's successors in interest).
On the other hand, the essence of Appellees'5 argument is that the Boundary Commission of the Kingdom of Hawai`i determined the relative boundaries of Hilea Iki and Hilea Nui in 1877, defining them as two adjacent ahupua`as owned in fee simple, and that the Boundary Commission's judgment cannot be collaterally attacked by Appellants.
For the reasons stated herein, we affirm the (1) November 30, 2004 Hawai`i Rules of Civil Procedure (HRCP) Rule 54(b)6 Partial...
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