Palacios v. FLORIDA FUNDING TRUST

• Decision Date: 26 March 2010
• Docket Number: No. 2D09-3335.,2D09-3335.
• Citation: 32 So.3d 167
• Parties: Jose Edilberto PALACIOS, Appellant, v. FLORIDA FUNDING TRUST; Easy Homes 123, LLC, as Trustee of the Marigold # 1441 Trust dated 01/07/06; Lynn Browning, Beneficiary of the Marigold # 1441 Trust dated 01/07/06; Wachovia Bank, N.A.; and Barbara Collins, Appellees.
• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals

32 So.3d 167

Jose Edilberto PALACIOS, Appellant, v. FLORIDA FUNDING TRUST; Easy Homes 123, LLC, as Trustee of the Marigold # 1441 Trust dated 01/07/06; Lynn Browning, Beneficiary of the Marigold # 1441 Trust dated 01/07/06; Wachovia Bank, N.A.; and Barbara Collins, Appellees.

No. 2D09-3335.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Second District.

March 26, 2010.

Jean Marie Henne of Jean M. Henne, P.A., Winter Haven, for Appellant.

Marie Tomassi and Lisa Easler of Trenam, Kemker, Scharf, Barkin, Frye, O'Neill & Mullis, P.A., St. Petersburg, for Appellee Wachovia Bank, N.A.

No appearance for Appellees Florida Funding Trust; Easy Homes 123, LLC, as Trustee of the Marigold # 1441 Trust dated 01/07/06; Lynn Browning, Beneficiary of the Marigold #1441 Trust dated 01/07/06; and Barbara Collins.

CASANUEVA, Chief Judge.

Pursuant to a final judgment of foreclosure, the Clerk of Court for Polk County held a foreclosure sale at which Appellant Jose Edilberto Palacios was the successful bidder. After this sale, the circuit court substantially modified the final judgment of foreclosure by reducing the amount the foreclosing first mortgagee, Appellee Florida Funding Trust, was owed on its first mortgage. When the circuit court refused to set aside the sale on Mr. Palacios' motion to vacate it, he appealed. We reverse.

Background Facts

The facts of this case are undisputed, and only Mr. Palacios and the second mortgagee, Appellee Wachovia Bank, N.A., are interested parties in this appellate proceeding. On April 15, 2008, the circuit court entered a final summary judgment of foreclosure in favor of Florida Funding for $60,136.09. On May 9, 2008, the Clerk conducted the foreclosure sale, at which Mr. Palacios and Florida Funding were the only bidders. Florida Funding bid $40,000 and Mr. Palacios ultimately prevailed with a bid of $41,000. Shortly thereafter, Mr. Palacios moved to release his money from the Clerk because he discovered that there was a second mortgage on the property. Then, on May 19, 2008, Wachovia moved to set aside the foreclosure judgment and the sale, claiming that it had not been properly served in the initial proceedings and that there were substantial unexplained irregularities in the final judgment concerning the proper amount owed to Florida Funding. At the hearing on Wachovia's motion, the circuit court determined that instead of more than sixty thousand dollars, Florida Funding was owed in total only $16,427.28 on its first mortgage because its contract did not properly secure future advances on the mortgage. The circuit court denied Wachovia's motion to set aside the final judgment of foreclosure and sale and instead merely modified the final judgment to reflect the newly corrected amount owed to Florida Funding. This postsale modification left over twenty-four thousand dollars in excess of the first mortgage to satisfy junior lien holders like Wachovia. The circuit court also retained jurisdiction to later consider Mr. Palacios' pending motion to return his money.

Mr. Palacios then amended his pending motion to change tack,¹ claiming that the amended final judgment of foreclosure and foreclosure sale should be vacated because the judgment was substantially modified after the sale was held. He cited section 45.031, Florida Statutes (2007), which states that a judicial sale will be held no sooner than twenty days after entry of the final judgment. His motion argued that allowing the sale to stand when such a substantial change was made to the final judgment would defeat the intent of the statute and result in a fraud on and injustice to the third-party bidder who has a right to rely on the affidavits and judgments filed prior to a sale. The circuit court heard argument on this motion from Mr. Palacios and Wachovia at a hearing but denied the motion. The circuit court reasoned that there were no known irregularities before the sale, distinguishing 601 West 26 Corp. v. Equity Capital Co., 174 So.2d 626 (Fla. 3d DCA 1965), on this point. Further, because the amended final judgment decreased rather than increased the amount due, the circuit court concluded that the third-party bidder was neither disadvantaged at the time of the sale nor thereafter. We do not agree.

Analysis

Wachovia adopts the circuit court's reasoning on appeal, emphasizing that because there were no irregularities noted before the sale, all requirements of the statute were complied with. This is true but misses the point. The statutory notice requirements are meant to ensure that the public, i.e., a potential third-party bidder like Mr. Palacios, is adequately on notice in order to determine his fair market bidding price at the foreclosure sale. Mr. Palacios was prejudiced here by the faulty original foreclosure judgment because it misled him as to the property's foreclosure market value. Had the correct amount due to Florida Funding under its first mortgage — approximately $16,427 — been known and set forth in the final judgment of foreclosure at the time of the sale, Mr. Palacios would not have been required to outbid Florida Funding's interest by offering $41,000; a bid of slightly more than $16,427 would have sufficed. At that point, a junior lienor would have been required to bid more or lose its interest in the foreclosed property. Thus, Wachovia, which had a position subordinate to Florida Funding in the foreclosure sale process, would have...