Pari-Mutuel Emp. Guild, Local 280, Bldg. Service Emp. Intern. Union v. Los Angeles Turf Club, Inc.

Decision Date13 April 1959
Docket NumberPARI-MUTUEL
Citation169 Cal.App.2d 571,337 P.2d 575
CourtCalifornia Court of Appeals Court of Appeals
Parties, 37 Lab.Cas. P 65,427 Application ofEMPLOYEES' GUILD, LOCAL 280, BUILDING SERVICE EMPLOYEES INTERNATIONAL UNION, Petitioner and Appellant, v. LOS ANGELES TURF CLUB, INC., Hollywood Turf Club, Operating Company, Del Mar Turf Club, Western Harness Racing Association, Tanforan Company, Ltd., Pacific Turf Club, Inc., California Jackey Club, Inc., Los Alamitos Race Course and California Horse Racing Association, Respondents. Civ. 23563.

David Sokol, Los Angeles, for appellant.

O'Melveny & Myers, Freston & Files, Los Angeles, Oakes & Horton, San Diego, for respondents.

ASHBURN, Justice.

Petitioner Pari-Mutuel Employees' Guild, Local 280, Building Service Employees International Union, appeals from a judgment entered pursuant to the court's denial of its petition for an order directing arbitration under a collective bargaining agreement between petitioner and Los Angeles Truf Club, Inc., Hollywood Turf Club and several other Turf Clubs operating in this State. The judgment provides that the petition be denied and petitioner recover nothing.

Appellant is a labor union which, for collective bargaining purposes, represents those employees of the respondents who work in the pari-mutuel department. Their duties are to sell pari-mutuel tickets, cash the same, assist in calculating wagering odds and perform related activities. The parties have had a collective bargaining agreement for many years. The one now before us became effective on September 16, 1957, and extends to September 16, 1960.

Certain employees of respondents, members of the union, work in jobs classified as 'Machine Supervisor A' and 'Machine Supervisor B.' Their duties, as set forth in the job descriptions of the bargaining agreement, are to supervise machines, distribute paper to machines and sell tickets on each race.

The collective bargaining agreement describes these jobs as follows:

'Machine Supervisor B: This supervisor comes in early, generally in the morning, and, supervises machines. He shall be assigned to a selling window each day and sell tickets each race.

'Machine Supervisor A: This employee has control of a cabinet in charge of line, distributes paper to machines and codes. He is general supervisor over other supervisors. He shall be assigned to a selling window each day and sell tickets each race.

'The job descriptions described herein are not all inclusive. They set forth only the primary duties of the employees listed and are to be used as a guide in classifying said employees. The parties agree that variations may arise as determined and directed by the Mutuel Manager.'

The rates of daily pay are specified as follows:

                                           "Aug. 1              Aug. 1             Aug. 1
                                            '57 to              '58 to             '59 to
                                             July                July              End of
                                           31, '58             31, '59              Cont
                * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
                "Machine Supervisor         29.60               30.60               31.60
                  A
                "Machine Supervisor         27.60               28.60               29.60
                  B
                * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
                

Section 1 of Article VI of the agreement says: 'The rates of pay and job descriptions attached to this Agreement are incorporated herein and made a part of this Agreement. It is agreed that the rates of pay set forth in the wage schedule and classifications attached hereto and made a part hereof shall be the agreed compensation for work performed in one (1) working day during the racing season regardless of the hours required to perform such work, and that employees working in classifications set forth therein are entitled to no overtime payment, 'One Day' as used herein means a racing day of eight (8) races or fewer.'

Section 6 of Article II says: 'It is the intention of the parties that all employees shall do a reasonable day's work. Any question of undue burden on any individual shall be referred for review and decision to the Labor-Management Committee established in Article IV of this Agreement.'

Under Article IV the Labor-Management Committee has the duty of reviewing and rendering a decision, within ten days, of all matters submitted to it and its decision is declared to be binding upon the Union, its members, and the employer. In case of disagreement the matter must be submitted to arbitration as provided in Article V. That article contains familiar provisions for processing grievances submitted to arbitration; also the following: 'The arbitrator shall not modify, vary, change, add to, or remove any terms or conditions of this Agreement.'

In November, 1957, appellant Union notified respondents that it felt an undue burden was being imposed on machine supervisors by their assignment to ticket selling windows. The Labor-Management Committee held a meeting to consider the alleged grievance but no decision was reached. Appellant then made a written request for arbitration.

This having failed to eventuate the Union filed its petition for an order directing arbitration which alleges: 'That a dispute between the parties arose over the assignment of machine supervisors to selling windows, and on February 25, 1958 the parties agreed to submit the same to David Ziskind, selected as the arbitrator; a copy of said agreement to so submit is attached as Exhibit 'B' and made a part hereof.' Said proposed agreement, Exhibit 'B' states: 'Now, therefore, it is mutually agreed by the parties that the issue to be submitted to arbitration is as follows: Does the assignment of machine supervisors to selling windows to sell tickets constitute an undue burden on such supervisors?' In response to this allegation of the petition respondents alleged that the parties 'tentatively agreed orally that said dispute could be submitted to David Ziskind, as Arbitrator, provided the parties were unable to settle such dispute by negotiation, and provided further that petitioner could and did present a grievance that was arbitrable under said Agreement.' Also that the purported agreement, Exhibit 'B', 'was withdrawn by respondents before it was accepted by Petitioner.' To this was added: 'And respondents particularly deny that there could be an arbitrable dispute between the parties over the assignment of Machine Supervisors to selling windows as alleged in Paragraph IV of said Petition in that said Collective Bargaining Agreement specifically provides that a Machine Supervisor 'shall be assigned to a selling window each day and sell tickets each race.''

The trial court found that said dispute did arise; that none of respondents was in default under the arbitration provisions of the Collective Bargaining Agreement; that that agreement specifically provides 'that a Machine Supervisor shall be assigned to a selling window and sell tickets each race'; that Article V, covering arbitration, provides 'that the arbitrator shall mot modify, vary, change, add to or remove any terms or conditions of said Collective Bargaining Agreement'; that the proposed submission agreement attached to the petition as Exhibit 'B' was withdrawn and revoked by respondents before its acceptance by petitioner and before any notice of acceptance was mailed to respondents; that the Collective Bargaining Agreement is the only written agreement between the parties for arbitration of disputes. Among its conclusions of law the court stated: '4. Petitioner is not entitled to an order directing arbitration under said Collective Bargaining Agreement concerning the assignment of Machine Supervisors to selling windows. 5. Petitioner's petition for an order directing arbitration should be denied because none of the Respondents are in default under any written agreement to arbitrate.' Appellant's counsel construes this to be a ruling 'that there was no arbitrable issue before the Court and that the submission agreement had been withdrawn.' We think this a correct interpretation of the ruling,--that absence of arbitrability is an implied subsidiary finding.

It should be noted at the outset that no undue burden upon any individual machine supervisor is asserted. The claim, raised just two months after the bargaining agreement was consummated, is that assigning machine supervisors to selling tickets was an undue burden upon them as a class. The contract expressly provides that they shall perform such services and that no arbitration shall result in a modification variance, change in, addition to or removal of any terms or conditions of the contract by the arbitrators. The following observations of Texoma Natural Gas Co. v. Oil Workers I. U., etc., D.C., 58 F.Supp. 132, 148, 1 are pertinent: 'I am firm in the view that Article XI, dealing with complaints, relates wholly to individual complaints and grievances, to the right of each individual to the protection accorded him by the provisions of the contract. It has no relation whatever to the possible desire of one or many employees for changes in the contract. * * *

* * *

* * *

'These are all appropriate measures for securing to the individual employee his rights under the contract, but wholly inappropriate steps for obtaining amendments to, or modifications of, the contract--that would be a matter for collective bargaining. * * * Many other examples could be cited reflecting the distinction between the protection through complaint machinery of the rights of the individual employee, granted by the contract, and the amendment of the contract through negotiation. [Emphasis by the Court.]

'The contract between the parties was evidently made for the purpose of being followed. Doubtless in the course of bargaining each gave and each took. At any rate, it was entered into, and must be...

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