People v. Brun

• Decision Date: 31 July 1989
• Docket Number: No. C004811,C004811
• Citation: 212 Cal.App.3d 951,260 Cal.Rptr. 850
• Court: California Court of Appeals Court of Appeals
• Parties: The PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. Nicholas Cardoza BRUN, Defendant and Appellant.

Page 850

260 Cal.Rptr. 850

212 Cal.App.3d 951

The PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. Nicholas Cardoza BRUN, Defendant and Appellant.

No. C004811.

Court of Appeal, Third District, California.

July 31, 1989.

Certified For Partial Publication. ^*

Janice M. Lagerlof, San Francisco, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for defendant and appellant.

John K. Van de Kamp, Atty. Gen., Steve White, Chief Asst. Atty. Gen., Arnold O. Overoye, Asst. Atty. Gen., Gary A. Binkerd and Joel Carey, Deputy Attys. Gen., for plaintiff and respondent.

SIMS, Associate Justice.

Defendant pled no contest to charges of possession of methamphetamine for sale (Health & Saf.Code, § 11378) and carrying a concealed weapon (Pen.Code, § 12025, subd. (b)) and was placed on probation. He appeals from the order of probation contending the trial court erred in denying his motion to suppress evidence and in imposing a condition of probation requiring him to register with law enforcement officials as a narcotics offender. In an unpublished portion of this opinion, we conclude the suppression motion was properly denied. In this published portion, we hold that the registration requirement was improperly imposed as a condition of probation.

FACTS CONCERNING THE MOTION TO SUPPRESS ^**

DISCUSSION

I

The Search ^***

II The Condition of Probation Requiring Registration

The challenged condition of probation states, "Defendant shall register under the provisions of Section 11590 of the Health and Safety Code...." That section requires persons convicted of certain drug related offenses to register with law enforcement officials where the offender resides or stays. ¹ However, defendant correctly points out he was convicted under section 11378 of the Health and Safety Code, and section 11590 does not by its terms require registration following a conviction for violation of section 11378. (Health & Saf.Code, § 11590, subd. (a); further statutory references are to this Code unless otherwise indicated.) Defendant argues it was therefore improper for the trial court to impose the registration condition.

We agree. Even though defendant accepted the condition of probation, he may challenge it in this court on the ground its imposition exceeds the statutory authority of the trial court. (See People v. Chapman (1978) 21 Cal.3d 124, 145 Cal.Rptr. 672, 577 P.2d 1012.) The Legislature specifically enumerated within section 11590 those particular offenses for which it deemed registration appropriate; violation of section 11378 is not enumerated. It is a long-standing rule of statutory construction that the expression of certain things in a statute necessarily involves exclusion of other things not expressed. ² (Dyna-Med, Inc. v. Fair Employment & Housing Com. (1987) 43 Cal.3d 1379, 1391, fn. 13, 241 Cal.Rptr. 67, 743 P.2d 1323.) In section 11590 the Legislature has expressed an intent to differentiate between different drug-related crimes and to require registration only for designated ones. Had the Legislature intended to require all drug offenders to register, it could have drafted the statute to accomplish that purpose. The sentencing court is therefore not free to impose registration under section 11590 for convictions of crimes not listed in the statute. If it were otherwise, every sentencing court could nullify the Legislature's decision to treat convictions for different crimes in a different manner.

A similar principle has been applied in the context of interpreting the sex offender registration statute, Penal Code section 290. ³ Because registration is a highly onerous requirement, persons convicted of sex offenses not listed in section 290 may not be required to register under that statute as a condition of probation. (People v. Tye (1984) 160 Cal.App.3d 796, 802-803, 206 Cal.Rptr. 813.)

In this case, we have no occasion to determine whether a trial court might properly impose a condition of probation requiring a defendant convicted of violation of section 11378 to report his address to a local police department informally and without regard to the requirements of section 11590. Here, the condition of probation expressly required registration under section 11590. That statutory registration triggers associated statutory obligations, such as furnishing fingerprints and photographs to the Department of Justice. ( § 11594.) Moreover, a knowing violation of the registration requirements is a misdemeanor. (Ibid.) The trial court could not subject defendant to these specific statutory obligations and disabilities where the Legislature, by its omission of defendant's crime from section 11590, has manifested an intent that registration is not required. (See People v. Chapman, supra, 21 Cal.3d at p. 126, 145 Cal.Rptr. 672, 577 P.2d 1012.)

The trial court erred in imposing a condition of probation requiring defendant to register under section 11590. The order granting probation is modified by striking the aforementioned condition.

DISPOSITION

As modified, the judgment (order) is affirmed.

PUGLIA, P.J., and DeCRISTOFORO, J., concur.

* Pursuant to rule 976.1 of the California Rules of Court, all portions of this opinion shall be published except FACTS CONCERNING THE MOTION TO SUPPRESS and Part I of the DISCUSSION.

** See footnote *, ante.

** * See footnote *, ante.

1 Health and Safety Code, section 11590 provides in relevant part: "(a) Any person who ... is convicted ... of any offense defined in Section 11350, 11351, 11351.5, 11352, 11353, 11353.5, 11354, 11355, 11357, 11358, 11359, 11360, 11361, 11363, 11366, 11368, or 11550 ... shall ... within 30 days of his or her coming into any county or city, or city and county in which he or she resides or is temporarily domiciled for that length of time, register with the chief of police of the city in which he or she resides or the sheriff of the county if he or she...