People v. Jennings

• Decision Date: 21 July 2005
• Docket Number: 15172.
• Citation: 20 A.D.3d 777,2005 NY Slip Op 06054,798 N.Y.S.2d 597
• Parties: THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, Respondent, v. JOHN JENNINGS, Appellant.
• Court: New York Supreme Court — Appellate Division

20 A.D.3d 777

798 N.Y.S.2d 597

2005 NY Slip Op 06054

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, Respondent, v. JOHN JENNINGS, Appellant.

15172.

Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Third Department.

July 21, 2005.

Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Albany County (Herrick, J.), rendered March 5, 2003, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crimes of assault in the second degree and endangering the welfare of a child.

Rose, J.

Following a jury trial, defendant was convicted of assault in the second degree and endangering the welfare of his four-month-old son. He was sentenced to an aggregate prison term of seven years, with three years of postrelease supervision. On his appeal, defendant contends primarily that his conviction of assault in the second degree is not supported by legally sufficient evidence because the circumstantial evidence presented by the People failed to establish that the victim sustained a physical injury and that he was the cause of such an injury. We disagree.

The standard we apply for reviewing the legal sufficiency of the evidence is whether, "`"after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt"'" (People v Ficarrota, 91 NY2d 244, 248 [1997], quoting People v Contes, 60 NY2d 620, 621 [1983], quoting Jackson v Virginia, 443 US 307, 319 [1979]; People v Acosta, 80 NY2d 665, 672 [1993]). This is so "even when, as here, the evidence introduced against the defendant is circumstantial" (People v Ficarrota, supra at 249).

After the victim was left alone in defendant's care on the evening of July 13, 2001, he was observed to have swelling and significant bruising on his face, ribs, back and neck which his mother had not seen when she left the victim with defendant. The physician who treated the victim on July 16, 2001 testified that, in addition to the visible bruising and swelling, he had multiple anterior and posterior rib fractures on both sides of his rib cage in various stages of healing, together with a nondisplaced fracture of the right humerus that had occurred within the week, all of which were indicative of a pattern of abuse. The physician also testified that in her professional opinion, the victim's most recent injuries caused him substantial pain. Further, the physician's testimony regarding the nature of the injuries supported a reasonable inference that they were intentionally inflicted by defendant, rather than accidentally sustained as defendant had claimed. This evidence was sufficient for the jury to find defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the crime of assault in the second degree (see Penal Law § 120.05 [9]; People v Tompkins, 8 AD3d 901, 902-903 [2004]; People v Santos, 289 AD2d 68, 68-69 [2001], lv denied 98 NY2d 640 [2002]; ...