Port Marina Condo. Ass'n, Inc. v. Roof Servs., Inc.

• Decision Date: 04 September 2013
• Docket Number: No. 4D12–3693.,4D12–3693.
• Parties: The PORT MARINA CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC., Appellant, v. ROOF SERVICES, INC., d/b/a Best Roofing, Everglades, LLC. and Building Materials Corporation of America a/k/a GAF Materials Corporation, Appellees.
• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals

119 So.3d 1288

The PORT MARINA CONDOMINIUM ASSOCIATION, INC., Appellant,

v.ROOF SERVICES, INC., d/b/a Best Roofing, Everglades, LLC. and Building Materials Corporation of America a/k/a GAF Materials Corporation, Appellees.

No. 4D12–3693.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

Sept. 4, 2013.

Jennifer Walker of Jennifer Walker, P.A., Fort Lauderdale and Robin F. Hazel of Hazel Law, P.A., Pembroke Pines, for appellant.

H. Randal Brennan of Brennan & Kretschmer, Vero Beach, for appellees.

PER CURIAM.

Florida's Condominium Act provides for a warranty of fitness and merchantability as to work provided by contractors and materials provided by suppliers for condominium developments, but not as to the manufacture of construction materials. Appellant, the Port Marina Condominium Association (“Port Marina”), sought relief against Appellee, GAF Materials Corporation (“GAF”), under the Act, but the trial court dismissed the complaint for failure to sufficiently allege that GAF was a supplier. Although the trial court did not err in dismissing Port Marina's complaint, we reverse, holding that Port Marina should have been granted leave to amend.

Factual Background

Everglades, LLC (“Everglades”), the developer of the Port Marina Condominiums and an adjoining boat storage building, entered into agreements with Roofing Services, Inc. d/b/a Best Roofing (“Best Roofing”) to install a roof on the boat storage building and with GAF to guarantee a roof product called TOPCOAT. After the construction was completed, Evergladesturned the condominium project over to Port Marina.

Port Marina noticed leaks in the roof of the boat storage building and contacted Best Roofing for repairs. After unsuccessful attempts at repairing the roof, Best Roofing advised Port Marina that failure of the TOPCOAT product caused the roof leaks. Port Marina then contacted GAF, which sent a representative to inspect the roof. The representative informed Port Marina that the application of TOPCOAT, and not the product itself, was the cause of the roof defects and that GAF would not accept responsibility for the roof failure.

Port Marina filed a complaint, seeking relief from Everglades, Best Roofing, and GAF under Florida's Condominium Act, which contains an implied warranty of fitness and merchantability statute. § 718.203, Fla. Stat. (2012). GAF filed a motion to abate or in the alternative to dismiss, arguing that section 718.203(2) does not apply to product manufacturers like GAF. The trial court entered an order dismissing Count III of the complaint, the only count against GAF, relying on Harbor Landing Condominium Owners Ass'n. v. Harbor Landing, LLC, 78 So.3d 120 (Fla. 1st DCA 2012), and Leisure Resorts, Inc. v. Frank J. Rooney, Inc., 654 So.2d 911 (Fla.1995), in determining that GAF was a manufacturer and not a “supplier” within the meaning of section 718.203(2).

Analysis

Port Marina argues that the trial court erred in granting GAF's motion to dismiss Count III because it sufficiently alleged that GAF was a “supplier” within the meaning of section 718.203(2). Port Marina also contends that the trial court erred in failing to grant leave to amend the complaint.

Alleged Error in Granting GAF's Motion to Dismiss

We review the sufficiency of a complaint in a civil action de novo. Harbor Landing, 78 So.3d at 121. In testing the legal sufficiency of a complaint, we accept all well-pleaded facts and reasonable inferences from those facts as true, Graves v. City of Pompano Beach, 74 So.3d 595, 597 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011), and confine ourselves to the allegations within the four corners of the complaint, Stubbs v. Plantation General Hospital Ltd. Partnership, 988 So.2d 683, 684 (Fla. 4th DCA 2008). The motion to dismiss should be affirmed if the plaintiff did not allege all the essential elements of a cause of action. Affiliates for Evaluation and Therapy, Inc. v. Viasyn Corp., 500 So.2d 688, 689 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987).

The Florida implied warranty of fitness and merchantability statute for condominiums states, in relevant part:

(2) The contractor, and all subcontractors and suppliers, grant to the developer and to the purchaser of each unit implied warranties of fitness as to the work performed or materials supplied by them....

§ 718.203(2), Fla. Stat. (2012) (emphasis added).

The essential elements of a cause of action under this statutory provision against a supplier are: (1) the defendant is a supplier of materials to a condominium; (2) the materials failed to conform to the generally accepted standards of merchantability applicable to goods of that kind, or the materials failed to conform to the requirements specified in the contract; and (3) the failure of the goods to conform was a proximate cause of the plaintiff's damages. See Leisure Resorts, 654 So.2d at 914. “Supplier” and “manufacturer” are not defined in Chapter 718, Florida Statutes. Black's Law Dictionary defines “supplier” as “a person engaged, directly or indirectly, in the business of making a product available to consumers,” and “manufacturer” as “a person or entity engaged in producing or assembling new products.” Black's Law Dictionary (9th ed.2009).

In Harbor Landing, the court affirmed the dismissal of the appellant's claim under section 718.203(2) because the appellant failed to sufficiently plead the first essential element-that the appellee was a supplier of materials to the condominium. See Harbor Landing, 78 So.3d at 121. The court determined that the appellee was not a supplier but merely a manufacturer that “had no knowledge of the condominium project” and “did not supply anything for the condominium project.” Id. The court did not, however, create a categorical rule for manufacturers and stated, “[t]his is not to say that a manufacturer can never be considered a supplier for purposes of the warranties provided in section 718.203(2).” Id.

Here, Port Marina's complaint alleged the following: GAF issued a written warranty for TOPCOAT to Everglades, GAF sent a representative to inspect the roof after Port Marina complained of roof leaks, the product break-down failure of TOPCOAT is evidenced by a white material across all roof surfaces, and the product failure will continue to impair the roof's function and cause property damage. Count III, the sole count against GAF, states, in...