Ray v. State, 878S172

• Citation: 272 Ind. 111,396 N.E.2d 373
• Decision Date: 08 November 1979
• Docket Number: No. 878S172,878S172
• Parties: Latroy Darnell RAY, Appellant, v. STATE of Indiana, Appellee.
• Court: Supreme Court of Indiana

Page 373

396 N.E.2d 373

272 Ind. 111

Latroy Darnell RAY, Appellant, v. STATE of Indiana, Appellee.

No. 878S172.

Supreme Court of Indiana.

Nov. 8, 1979.

Sachs & Hess, Ronald F. Layer, Hammond, for appellant.

Theo. L. Sendak, Atty. Gen., Gordon L. Medlicott, Deputy Atty. Gen., Indianapolis, for appellee.

PIVARNIK, Justice.

Defendant-appellant Latroy Darnell Ray was found guilty by a jury in Lake Superior Court, Criminal Division II, of first degree murder. Ind.Code § 35-13-4-1 (Burns 1975). He was sentenced to life imprisonment by the court. Appellant raises three issues for our consideration, concerning: (1) whether the trial court erred in refusing to hold a competency hearing immediately prior to trial, where appellant had been found incompetent to stand trial in January, 1977, and was subsequently found to be competent in October, 1977; (2) whether the trial court erred in denying appellant's motion to suppress his confession; and (3) whether the trial court erred in admitting appellant's statements without first determining appellant's capacity to intelligently waive his rights.

On November 15, 1976, Alice Smith was stabbed to death in her home in Gary, Indiana. Appellant Ray lived two doors away from the Smith home in the home of Malard Clark, and shared a room with Malard's son, James Clark. The Smith home had been burglarized, and Alice Smith had accused appellant Ray of perpetrating the break-in. There was evidence that appellant told James Clark that he was going to kill Alice Smith because of her accusations, and that he later told the Clark boy that he had, in fact, killed Alice by stabbing her. There was further evidence that appellant removed his blood-covered clothes and placed them in a garbage can, where they were found by police. In addition, when police first saw appellant there was blood on his hands and on his clothing. Appellant gave police a written confession of his actions in this crime.

I.

Appellant entered a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity, and was examined by court-appointed medical witnesses. A hearing was held on January 28, 1977, and appellant was found incompetent to stand trial. The court ordered appellant committed to Beatty Memorial Hospital. The staff at Beatty Hospital later informed the trial court that appellant was competent to stand trial, and the court accordingly held a second competency hearing on October 21, 1977. Based on the evidence presented at this hearing, the court found the defendant, Ray, competent to stand trial. We do not have a record of the evidence introduced at these hearings.

On January 16, 1978, the trial court appointed Dr. Bennie Carpenter to examine appellant to determine his sanity at the time of the crime. On March 15, 1978, appellant filed a request for a third competency hearing. This request was rejected by the court. Appellant contends the trial court abused its discretion by failing to hold a third competency hearing. Appellant's counsel indicated to the court that Dr. Carpenter had told him appellant was not competent to stand trial. This was the only reason given for the need for a third hearing.

This issue was presented to this Court in Malo v. State, (1977) 266 Ind. 157, 361 N.E.2d 1201. The defendant there had been found incompetent to stand trial and was subsequently found to be competent after a second hearing. The trial court denied Malo's request for a third hearing on his competency. In affirming the actions of the trial court, Justice Prentice, writing for a unanimous Court, stated:

"There was no event or occurrence subsequent to the determination of competence which amounted to reasonable grounds requiring a third hearing. Conceivably, incompetence might occur subsequent to a determination of competence, in which event a trial should not be had or, if commenced, a mistrial declared. Were we to follow the course of action urged by the defendant, however, a trial could never be had where the defendant's incompetence was being urged. Under such circumstances, there will always be indicators present which could be the basis of a reasonable ground for believing the defendant to have insufficient comprehension to be brought to trial. The existence of facts which would be reasonable grounds under some circumstances does not ipso facto mandate a hearing under all circumstances. The decision whether or not to hold a hearing lies in the province of the trial judge and should be disturbed upon review, only upon a showing of clear error. The indicators proffered by the defendant did not, in the context of this case, mandate a third hearing."

Id. at 161, 361 N.E.2d 1204.

Appellant attempts to distinguish Malo v. State by pointing out that Dr. Carpenter examined appellant after the second hearing and allegedly expressed doubts regarding his competency. In view of the record the trial judge had before him, we cannot say that indicators were present which rendered erroneous his finding that a third competency hearing was not necessary. There is no testimony of Dr. Carpenter in the record indicating that defendant was not competent to stand trial at the time of the trial. Dr. Carpenter testified that, in his opinion, appellant was insane at the time of the commission of this crime. However, he also testified that, at the examination of January, 1978, the examination in question here, he found Ray to be more responsive to questions and more cooperative than he was in January of 1977, the date of the first examination.

Further, another psychiatrist, Dr. Frank Hogle, testified that he examined appellant for the fourth time on the day before the trial to determine whether appellant was insane at the time of the commission of this crime. Nothing in his testimony reflects a belief on his part that Ray was incompetent at the time of trial. As a matter of fact, Dr. Hogle testified that appellant was sane when the crime was committed. We held in Howard v. State, (1976) 265 Ind. 503, 355 N.E.2d 833, that a finding of competency to stand trial involves factual determinations, and, therefore, will be reversed only if not supported by the facts and inferences to be drawn therefrom. We think there was sufficient evidence to support the trial court's refusal of a third hearing. We find no abuse of discretion or error as to this issue.

II.

Appellant moved to suppress a confession given on the day of his arrest. The trial court denied the motion to suppress and admitted the statement into evidence at trial. Appellant argues that...