Rector v. James

• Decision Date: 15 May 1979
• Docket Number: No. 7822SC719,7822SC719
• Citation: 254 S.E.2d 633,41 N.C.App. 267
• Court: North Carolina Court of Appeals
• Parties: Rachel Elva RECTOR, Plaintiff, v. Tommy JAMES and James Adam Teague d/b/a J. A. Andrews Company and Clyde Clemmon Foxx, Agent, Defendants and Third-Party Plaintiffs, v. Vera Jane Rector KENNEDY and John Allen Kennedy, Third-Party Defendants.

Page 633

254 S.E.2d 633

41 N.C.App. 267

Rachel Elva RECTOR, Plaintiff, v. Tommy JAMES and James Adam Teague d/b/a J. A. Andrews

Company and Clyde Clemmon Foxx, Agent, Defendants and Third-Party Plaintiffs, v. Vera Jane Rector KENNEDY and John Allen Kennedy, Third-Party

Defendants.

No. 7822SC719.

Court of Appeals of North Carolina.

May 15, 1979.

Harris & Pressly by Edwin A. Pressly, Statesville, for plaintiff.

Sowers, Avery & Crosswhite by William E. Crosswhite, Statesville for defendants and third-party plaintiffs.

Pope & McMillan by C. H. Kutteh, II, Statesville, for third-party defendants.

HARRY C. MARTIN, Judge.

Defendants present several assignments of error on appeal. The first assignment is a twofold challenge to the admission in evidence of certain testimony. First, defendants objected to testimony by trooper Davis that defendant Foxx was convicted of a traffic violation as a result of the accident. Immediately thereafter, he further testified without objection as to what those convictions were. Subsequently, defendant Teague testified without objection on cross-examination that defendant Foxx was convicted of driving on the wrong side of the road and pled guilty to driving after his license was revoked. Assuming Arguendo, that defendants' first objection to this evidence was valid, we hold that defendants waived the benefit of their objection. "The general rule is that when evidence is admitted over objection and the same evidence is thereafter admitted without objection, the benefit of the objection is lost." State v. Smith, 290 N.C. 148, 163, 226 S.E.2d 10, 19, Cert. denied, 429 U.S. 932, 97 S.Ct. 339, 50 L.Ed.2d 301 (1976); Dunes Club v. Insurance Co., 259 N.C. 293, 130 S.E.2d 625 (1963).

Second, defendants objected to testimony by witness Timothy Dwayne Rector, son of the plaintiff, as to the pain his mother experienced and her condition when he visited her in the hospital and when she came home. He lived with his parents. Defendants contend the testimony was hearsay, incompetent and prejudicial because the witness testified to things that were not within his realm of knowledge. The witness testified as to what he observed and heard, and formed the opinion that his mother was in pain. Pain is a mental condition that may be the result of physical injury. It is often manifested in the actions, statements, utterances and behavior of the injured person which may be observed by another. The witness had reasonable opportunities to observe his mother at the hospital and at home, and to form an opinion concerning her pain and suffering. We hold a non-expert witness may testify as to pain suffered by another, based upon his personal observation. Pridgen v. Produce Co., 199 N.C. 560, 155 S.E. 247 (1930). The first assignment of error is overruled.

Defendants challenge the trial court's denial of their motions for directed verdict at the close of their evidence and at the close of third-party defendants' evidence, respectively. They contend there was insufficient evidence to support the claim of plaintiff and the crossclaim of third-party defendants, and that the evidence showed Vera Jane Rector Kennedy contributorily negligent as a matter of law. Taking the evidence as true and considering it in the light most favorable to plaintiff and the third-party defendants, the evidence tends to show:

On the morning of 28 July 1976, plaintiff was a passenger in a 1975 pickup truck operated by Vera Kennedy and owned by John Kennedy. They were travelling north along State Road 1637 as they approached its intersection with Highway 90, where a duly erected stop sign controls traffic on State Road 1637 entering Highway 90. The pickup truck stopped at the intersection. Vera Kennedy intended to turn right at the intersection onto Highway 90 to travel in an easterly direction. At the intersection, plaintiff and Vera Kennedy observed a green car coming from their right travelling west and did not see any traffic coming from their left travelling east. Vera Kennedy entered the intersection to proceed with her right turn. Highway 90 east and west of the intersection was designated as a no passing zone, and was duly marked as such by solid double yellow lines down the center of the highway. Then plaintiff and Vera Kennedy observed defendant Foxx, travelling west in a 1973 Kenworth tractor-trailer, pull out from behind the green car, cross the double yellow lines, and proceed to pass it in the eastbound lane of travel. The front of the pickup truck collided with the rear of the tractor-trailer.

Both plaintiff and Vera Kennedy presented evidence to establish injuries resulting from the collision. John Allen Kennedy presented evidence of the damage to his 1975 pickup truck.

A motion for directed verdict tests the legal sufficiency of the evidence to take the case to the jury and support a verdict for the claimant. Manganello v. Permastone, Inc., 291 N.C. 666, 231 S.E.2d 678 (1977). In considering the motion for directed verdict, the evidence must be taken as true and considered in the light most favorable to plaintiff and third-party defendants. Kelly v. Harvester Co., 278 N.C. 153, 179 S.E.2d 396 (1971); Wilson v. Auto Service, 20 N.C.App. 47, 200 S.E.2d 393 (1973). "The general rule is that a directed verdict for a defendant on the ground of contributory negligence may only be granted when the evidence taken in the light most favorable to plaintiff establishes her negligence so clearly that no other reasonable inference or conclusion may be drawn therefrom." Clark v. Bodycombe, 289 N.C. 246, 251, 221 S.E.2d 506, 510 (1976); Harrington v. Collins, 40 N.C.App. 530, 253 S.E.2d 288 (1979). Taking the evidence in the light most favorable to the plaintiff and third-party defendants, there is evidence that Foxx was negligent in operating defendants' tractor-trailer truck by attempting to pass at an intersection and that this negligence was a proximate cause of the injuries sustained. N.C.Gen.Stat. 20-150(c); N.C.Gen.Stat. 20-147; Crotts v. Transportation Co.,246 N.C. 420, 98 S.E.2d 502 (1957). The evidence did not establish that Vera Kennedy was contributorily negligent as a matter of law. We find the trial court properly denied defendants' motions for directed verdict. The second and third assignments of error are without merit.

Defendants contend the court erred in its charge to the jury. First, defendants contend the trial judge failed to give equal stress to the contentions of defendants...