Reece v. Dir. of Revenue

• Decision Date: 16 October 2001
• Docket Number: ED79265
• Citation: 61 S.W.3d 288
• Parties: Robert Reece, Plaintiff/Respondent, v. Director of Revenue, State of Missouri, Defendant/Appellant. ED79265 Missouri Court of Appeals Eastern District
• Court: Missouri Court of Appeals

Robert Reece, Plaintiff/Respondent v Director of Revenue, State of Missouri, Defendant/Appellant

ED79265

Missouri Court of Appeals Eastern District

10/16/2001

Appeal From: Circuit Court of St. Louis County, Hon. Sandra Farragut-Hemphill

Counsel for Appellant: Lars Hagen

Counsel for Respondent: Carl M. Ward

Opinion Summary:

The Director of Revenue revoked Robert Reece's driving privileges for allegedly refusing to submit to a chemical test of his blood alcohol content. The director appeals from the judgment setting aside the revocation.

Division One holds: The court's finding that the director failed to prove Reece refused to submit to a chemical test of his blood alcohol content is supported by substantial evidence and is not against the weight of the evidence.

Knaup Crane and R. Dowd, Jr., JJ., concur.

William H. Crandall, Jr., Presiding Judge

The Director of Revenue (Director) revoked Robert Reece's driving privileges for allegedly refusing to submit to a chemical test of his blood alcohol content. Director appeals from the judgment setting aside the revocation. We affirm.

On December 11, 1998, a Town and Country police officer arrested Reece for driving while intoxicated. The officer then took Reece to the police station. At issue in the case, is the proof Director offered regarding whether Reece refused to submit to a chemical test of his breath at the station. The officer gave Reece a Missouri Department of Revenue form that states his driving privileges were being revoked for his refusal to submit to a chemical test of his blood alcohol content, gives notice of his right to file a petition for review of the revocation and serves as a fifteen-day temporary driving permit.

Reece filed a petition for review of the revocation in the Circuit Court of St. Louis County. See section 577.041.4.¹ The case was assigned to a traffic commissioner and the case was submitted "on the records." The commissioner found that the arresting officer had probable cause to arrest Reece for driving while intoxicated and that Reece refused to submit to a chemical test of his breath. The commissioner sustained the revocation of Reece's driving privileges.² Reece filed a motion in the circuit court to vacate the commissioner's findings or in the alternative for new trial. The circuit court entered judgment and vacated the commissioner's findings. The court found "that there exists in the records a discrepancy regarding the issue of whether" Reece refused to submit to a chemical test of his breath. The court then found that Director failed to prove Reece refused to submit to a breath test. The court ordered Director to reinstate Reece's driver's license. Director appeals from the circuit court's judgment.

At a hearing, on facts as those presented here, the court shall determine only: (1) whether or not the person was arrested; (2) whether or not the officer had reasonable grounds to believe that the person was driving while in an intoxicated condition; and (3) whether or not the person refused the test.³ Section 577.041.4; Rain v. Director of Revenue, 46 S.W.3d 584, 587 (Mo. App. E.D. 2001). Director has the burden of proof at the hearing. Rain, 46 S.W.3d at 587. "If the court determines any issue not to be in the affirmative, the court shall order the director to reinstate the license or permit to drive." Section 577.041.5.

In its sole point on appeal, Director argues that the trial court erred in reinstating Reece's driving privileges based on a "discrepancy" in the Alcohol Influence Report that was admitted into evidence. Director contends that the court's judgment was not supported by substantial evidence and is against the weight of the evidence because the arresting officer wrote in the report that Reece refused to submit to a test and printed the time of the refusal. According to Director, this constituted "uncontradicted accounts" of Reece's violation of the law.

Appellate review of a judgment relating to the revocation of driving privileges for refusing to submit to a chemical test is governed by Murphy v. Carron, 536 S.W.2d 30 (Mo. banc 1976). We will affirm the trial court's judgment unless there is no substantial evidence to support it, it is against the weight of the evidence, or it erroneously declares or applies the law. Rain, 46 S.W.3d at 587. Although no witnesses testified and the case was submitted "on the records," we defer to the trial court as the finder of fact in determining whether there is substantial evidence to support the judgment and whether the judgment is against the weight of the evidence.⁴ Jarrell v. Director of Revenue, 41 S.W.3d 42, 46 (Mo. App. S.D. 2001); see Business Men's Assurance Co. of America v. Graham, 984 S.W.2d 501, 506 (Mo. banc 1999). "When determining sufficiency of evidence pursuant to the Murphy v. Carron standard, appellate courts accept as true the evidence and inferences favorable to the trial court's judgment, disregarding all contrary evidence." Jarrell, 41 S.W.3d at 46.

At the hearing, the Alcohol Influence Report, completed by the officer who arrested and "processed" Reece, was admitted into evidence. The parties rely on different portions of this report.⁵ A narrative portion of this report states on page four that "At the station Reece refused to take a breath test and was issued the proper DOR paperwork." In the upper section of page three of the report there is a box marked, indicating Reece would not take a chemical test and the time "1:36" a.m. is handwritten. The middle section of this page has a heading that states "CHECK TYPE OF INSTRUMENT USED," and then below has "BAC VERIFIER," "INTOXILYZER 5000" and "DATAMASTER" and boxes to mark. The "DATAMASTER" box is marked. There are the following seven statements under "DATAMASTER:"

1. Subject observed for at least 15 minutes by __________ No smoking or oral intake of any material during this time; if vomiting occurs, start over with the 15 minute observation period.2. Assure that power switch is ON.

3. Press RUN button.

4. When display requests INSERT TICKET, insert evidence ticket.

5. Enter subject and officer information.

6. When display reads PLEASE BLOW and give audible beep, take subject's breath sample.

7. When printer has completed printing out test result, remove ticket from printer. Attach printout to this report.

The seven boxes before each statement are marked. In addition, the officer's name is handwritten in the space for the first statement. The bottom section of page three provides:

AS SET FORTH IN THE RULES PROMULGATED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH RELATED TO THE DETERMINATION OF BLOOD ALCOHOL BY BREATH ANALYSIS, I CERTIFY BY COMPLETING THE BELOW THAT:

1. There was no deviation from the procedure approved by the department.

2. To...