Reservoir v. Metro Wastewater Reclamation Dist.

Decision Date20 June 2011
Docket NumberNo. 09SA133.,09SA133.
Citation256 P.3d 645
PartiesBURLINGTON DITCH RESERVOIR AND LAND COMPANY; Farmers Reservoir and Irrigation Company; United Water and Sanitation District; Henrylyn Irrigation District; and East Cherry Creek Valley Water and Sanitation District, Applicant–AppellantsandCity of Thornton; City of Brighton; and City and County of Denver, acting by and through its Board of Water Commissioners, Opposers–AppellantsCity of Englewood, Opposer–Appellant/Opposer–Appelleev.METRO WASTEWATER RECLAMATION DISTRICT; Public Service Company of Colorado, d/b/a Xcel Energy, Inc.; Town of Lochbuie; Platte Valley Irrigation Company; City of Aurora; Golf Course Heritage Todd Creek; Todd Creek Farms Metro District; Centennial Water & Sanitation District; City of Boulder; Harmony Ditch Company; Irrigationists' Association; State Board of Land Commissioners; Colorado Division of Wildlife; City of Black Hawk; City and County of Broomfield; Lower Latham Reservoir Company; Aggregate Industries–WCR, Inc.; Albert Frei & Sons, Inc.; Henderson Aggregate, Ltd.; HP Farms, Inc.; PV Water Holdings, LLC; Adams County Board of Commissioners; Riverside Irrigation District; Riverside Land Company; Brighton Ditch Company; Parker Water and Sanitation District; Platteville Irrigating & Milling Company; Central Colorado Water Conservancy District; South Adams County Water & Sanitation District; Rangeview Metropolitan District; Equus Farms, Inc.; State Water Engineer; Fulton Irrigation Ditch Company; City of Greeley; Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District; Bijou Irrigation District; City of Commerce City; David DeChant; Consolidated Ditches Company of District No. 2; City of Sterling; and Arapahoe County Water & Wastewater, Opposers–Appellees.James Hall, Division Engineer for Water Division No. 1, Appellee Pursuant to C.A.R. 1(e).
CourtColorado Supreme Court

OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE

Akolt & Akolt, LLC., John P. Akolt, III, John C. Akolt, Brighton, Colorado, Dietze and Davis, P.C., Star L. Waring, Boulder, Colorado, Attorneys for ApplicantAppellant Burlington Ditch, Reservoir and Land Company and ApplicantAppellant Farmers Reservoir and Irrigation Company.The Law Office of Tod J. Smith, Tod J. Smith, Boulder, Colorado, Attorneys for ApplicantAppellant the United Water and Sanitation District.Ryley Carlock & Applewhite, William B. Tourtillott, Brian M. Nazarenus, Susan M. Curtis, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for ApplicantAppellant East Cherry Creek Valley Water and Sanitation District.Law Offices of Steven L. Janssen, Steven L. Janssen, Boulder, Colorado, Attorneys for ApplicantAppellant the Henrylyn Irrigation District.White & Jankowski, LLP, William A. Hillhouse II, David F. Jankowski, Alan E. Curtis, Denver, Colorado, Margaret A. Emerich, Dennis A. Hanson, Thornton, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellant City of Thornton.Fischer, Brown, Bartlett & Gunn, P.C., Brent Bartlett, William R. Fischer, Daniel K. Brown, Fort Collins, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellant City of Brighton.Patricia L. Wells, Casey S. Funk, Daniel J. Arnold, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellant, City and County of Denver, acting by and through its Board of Water Commissioners.Berg Hill Greenleaf & Ruscitti LLP, David G. Hill, Jon N. Banashek, Heidi C. Potter, Boulder, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellant/Opposer–Appellee City of Englewood.Balcomb & Green P.C., David C. Hallford, Sara M. Dunn, Scott A. Grosscup, Glenwood Springs, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee Public Service Company of Colorado d/b/a Xcel Energy, Inc.Lyons Gaddis Kahn & Hall, PC, Steven P. Jeffers, Matthew Machado, Longmont, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee Town of Lochbuie.Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP, Steven O. Sims, Adam T. DeVoe, Bret A. Fox, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee City of Aurora.Harvey W. Curtis & Associates, Harvey W. Curtis, David L. Kueter, Sheela S. Stack, Englewood, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee City and County of Broomfield.

Lawrence, Jones, Custer & Grasmick, LLP, Bradley C. Grasmick, Kim R. Lawrence, Windsor, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee Central Colorado Water Conservancy District.Moses, Wittemyer, Harrison and Woodruff, P.C., Richard J. Mehren, William M. Stenzel, Boulder, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee South Adams County Water and Sanitation District.John W. Suthers, Attorney General, Chad M. Wallace, Assistant Attorney General, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Opposer–Appellee State Engineer and Division Engineer.Waggener & Foster, LLP, Richard M. Foster, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Agricultural Ditch and Reservoir Company and Golden Canal and Reservoir Company.Moses, Wittemyer, Harrison and Woodruff, P.C., Richard J. Mehren, Boulder, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Conejos Water Conservancy District.Lyons Gaddis Kahn & Hall, P.C., Jeffrey J. Kahn, Scott E. Holwick, Longmont, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Ditch and Reservoir Company Alliance, Highland Ditch Company, Lake Canal Reservoir Company, Greeley and Loveland Irrigation Company, St. Vrain & Left Hand Water Conservancy District, and Water Users Association of District No. 6.Fischer, Brown, Bartlett & Gunn, P.C., Daniel K. Brown, Donald E. Frick, Fort Collins, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Cache la Poudre Water Users Association and La Poudre Water Users Association.Carlson, Hammond & Paddock, LLC, William A. Paddock, Beth Ann J. Parsons, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Rio Grande Water Users Association.Bratton Hill Wilderson & Lock LLC, John R. Hill, Jr., Rufus O. Wilderson, Gunnison, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Upper Arkansas Water Conservancy District.Carlson, Hammond & Paddock, LLC, Mary Mead Hammond, Lee H. Johnson, Beth Ann J. Parsons, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae City of Westminster.Hill & Robbins, P.C., David W. Robbins, Ingrid C. Barrier, Denver, Colorado, Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Rio Grande Water Conservation District.Justice HOBBS delivered the Opinion of the Court.

+----------------+
                ¦INDEX OF OPINION¦
                +----------------+
                
                Introduction                                                            653
                Holding                                                                 654
                
                I.  Facts                                                               654
                
    A.   The Burlington–Barr Lake System                                655
                    B.   Burlington 1885 Water Rights Under Case No. 11200              656
                    C.   FRICO Expansion in 1909 and Case No. 54658                     657
                    D.   Thornton Case No. 87CW107                                      658
                    E.   Historical Consumptive Use Determination by the Water Court    658
                    F.   Barr Lake Toe Trains and Beebe Canal Seepage Gains             658
                    G.   New Structures on the Burlington Canal: the Metro Pumps and    659
                         the Globeville Flood Control Project
                
                II. Holding                                                             660
                
    A.   Standard of Review                                             660
                    B.   Determination of Historical Consumptive Use                    661
                
         1.  Applicable Law                                             661
                
             a.  Unlawful Enlargement                                   662
                             b.  Injury Standard and the One–Fill Rule                  663
                
         2.  Analysis                                                   664
                
             a.  Decree in Burlington Case No. 11200 and Calculation of 664
                                 Historical Consumptive Use
                
             b.  Unlawful Enlargement                                   665
                             c.  Study periods for Historical Consumptive Use           665
                                 Seepage and Toe Drain Gains Relation to Historical
                             d.  Consumptive Use                                        666
                             e.  Application of the One–Fill rule                       667
                
    C.   Effect of Prior Water Court Decrees and Orders in FRICO Case   668
                         No. 54658 and Thornton Case No. 87CW107
                
         1.  Applicable Law                                             668
                         2.  Analysis                                                   669
                
    D.   New Structures and Points of Diversion Related to the          671
                         Burlington Canal
                
         1.  Applicable Law                                             671
                         2.  Analysis                                                   671
                
             a.  Metro Pumps                                            671
                             b.  Globeville Project                                     673
                
    E.   Resume Notice and the Scope of the Water Court's Decision      674
                
         1.  Applicable Law                                             674
                         2.  Analysis                                                   675
                
                III. Order on Judgment                                                  677
                 

In this appeal from a judgment of the District Court for Water Division No. 1, applicant-appellants, Farmers Reservoir and Irrigation Company (FRICO), Burlington Ditch, Reservoir and Land Company (Burlington), Henrylyn Irrigation District (Henrylyn)—collectively “Companies”—and the United Water and Sanitation District (United), and East Cherry Creek Valley Water and Sanitation District (ECCV) challenge the water court's decisions regarding historical consumptive use, the effect of prior decrees, the effect of new structures, the water court's one-fill rule analysis, and the impact of these determinations on appellants' rights to use the waters of the South Platte River.1 The Opposer–Appellantsparties who opposed the initial application but also take issue with the water court's decree include the City of Thornton (Thornton), the City of Englewood (“Englewood”), the City of Brighton (Brighton), and the City and County of Denver (Denver). Opposer–Appellees include the ...

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    ...for relief; and (4) identity of or privity between the parties to the two actions. See Burlington Ditch Reservoir & Land Co. v. Metro Wastewater Reclamation Dist. , 256 P.3d 645, 668 (Colo. 2011). Similarly, issue preclusion bars relitigation of an issue decided in a previous proceeding whe......
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