Richard v. Richard, 83-443
| Decision Date | 13 September 1985 |
| Docket Number | No. 83-443,83-443 |
| Citation | 501 A.2d 1190,146 Vt. 286 |
| Court | Vermont Supreme Court |
| Parties | Edmond R. RICHARD v. Elsbeth S. RICHARD. |
Peter E. Yeager, of Rexford & Kilmartin, Newport, for plaintiff-appellee.
Swainbank, Morrissette, Neylon & Hickey, St. Johnsbury, for defendant-appellant.
Before ALLEN, C.J., and HILL, PECK, GIBSON and HAYES, JJ.
In obtaining a divorce after ten years of marriage, defendant sought maintenance payments to meet her needs of about $10,000 a year. The trial court enforced the terms of a prenuptial agreement, which dealt only with property interests of the parties, but the court awarded no additional relief. The court found that defendant received $4176 quarterly in dividend income; however, uncontroverted evidence establishes that the $4176 was an annual--not quarterly--figure. Thus, the court appears to have overestimated defendant's gross income by $12,528 a year. This material finding of fact was clearly erroneous and must be set aside. Jacobs v. Jacobs, 144 Vt. 124, 126, 473 A.2d 1165, 1167 (1984); V.R.C.P. 52(a).
Plaintiff contends that the erroneous finding could simply have been a clerical mistranscription from an exhibit, and thus was not a "clearly erroneous" interpretation of the evidence. Even if the court mistook these facts, plaintiff adds, they were but a part of many facts considered, and the court could in its discretion have reached the same result nonetheless.
The determinative question is not whether the court could have reached the same result even if it had not erred; rather, the question is whether correct attention to the issue could have changed the result. See Kopelman v. Schwag, 145 Vt. 212, 214, 485 A.2d 1254, 1255 (1984).
Our function on appeal is to review the trial court's actions in order to determine whether its exercise of discretion was proper. Savery v. Savery, 134 Vt. 391, 391-92, 360 A.2d 58, 58-59 (1976). The purpose of findings is to provide a clear statement as to what was decided and why; where no indication appears of the method employed and weight accorded various factors, remand is necessary. Page v. Smith-Gates Corp., 143 Vt. 280, 283, 465 A.2d 1102, 1104 (1983); see also Arnold v. Arnold, 141 Vt. 118, 120, 444 A.2d 890, 891-92 (1982). The findings in this case do not assure us that the court's substantial miscalculation would have had no effect. The ambiguity from which plaintiff seeks to benefit requires reversal.
Because this case will be retried, we also address defendant's appeal of the refusal of the assistant judges to disqualify themselves from the case. The two assistant judges candidly disclosed in open court that they had known plaintiff slightly for ten years or more, Judge Rooney having played golf with plaintiff on three or four occasions during this period and Judge Nelson indicating that he had run into plaintiff from time to time and visited with him on occasion. When defendant requested that they not sit, the assistant judges both felt they could be impartial and rejected her request.
Recusal is normally a decision to be made by the particular judge. See Daitchman v. Daitchman, 145 Vt. 145, 146-47, 483 A.2d 270, 271 (1984) (). Although the ultimate test is whether the judge can decide the case impartially and without bias, id. (following Leonard v. Willcox, 101 Vt. 195, 215, 142 A. 762, 771 (1928)), "[a] judge should disqualify himself in a proceeding in which his impartiality might reasonably be questioned...." Code of Judicial Conduct, 12 V.S.A., App. VIII, A.O. 10, Canon 3(C)(1) (Supp.1985).
Absent a procedure in Vermont for referral of close questions to another judge, we reaffirm this Court's statement in Condosta v. Condosta, 137 Vt. 35, 36, 401 A.2d 897, 898 (1979), that, "if the slightest question exists, all doubts should be resolved" in favor of disqualification. We interpret this standard to require the...
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