Rivera v. Aldrich, 88-556

• Decision Date: 07 March 1989
• Docket Number: No. 88-556,88-556
• Citation: 14 Fla. L. Weekly 627,538 So.2d 1390
• Parties: 14 Fla. L. Weekly 627 Jose RIVERA, Appellant, v. Gaspar ALDRICH, and Orlando Berrocal, Appellees.
• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals

Page 1390

538 So.2d 1390

14 Fla. L. Weekly 627

Jose RIVERA, Appellant, v. Gaspar ALDRICH, and Orlando Berrocal, Appellees.

No. 88-556.

District Court of Appeal of Florida Third District.

March 7, 1989.

Steven G. Jugo, Miami, and Kathleen T. Murphy, for appellant.

Barnett, Clark & Barnard and Michael A. Robb, Ft. Lauderdale, for appellee Aldrich.

Michael I. Libman, Miami, for appellee Berrocal.

Before SCHWARTZ, C.J., and NESBITT and COPE, JJ.

COPE, Judge.

The sole issue on appeal is whether the trial judge correctly ordered a new trial on liability and damages, or whether, as appellant contends, the new trial should be confined to damages alone. We affirm.

The lawsuit below arose out of a chain reaction collision. Plaintiff-appellant Rivera alleged that defendant-appellee Aldrich initiated the chain reaction by striking defendant-appellee Berrocal's intervening car and propelling it into plaintiff's vehicle. Aldrich denied colliding with anyone, contending that the chain reaction was caused by a "phantom car" which left the scene.

At trial the jury found plaintiff had suffered permanent injury but awarded no damages. On Berrocal's cross-claim ¹ against Aldrich, the jury found Berrocal had sustained no permanent injury but awarded him damages. On appellee's motion, a new trial was ordered on all issues.

An order granting new trial is reviewable for abuse of discretion. Mangel v. City National Bank, 451 So.2d 927, 928 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984) (citation omitted). One who attacks such an order " 'has a heavy burden to make error to appear in the exercise of the broad discretion allowed the judge who has presided at the trial, and who has had direct, personal contact with the presentation of the case as it unfolded at the trial level.' " Id., quoting Hendricks v. Dailey, 208 So.2d 101, 103 (Fla.1968).

The controlling principle applicable here is that:

To grant a new trial on the issue of damages alone, it must appear that on the evidence adduced at the trial the liability of the defendant was unequivocally established without substantial dispute and the inadequacy of the verdict was induced by a misconception of the law or the failure of the jury to consider all of the elements of damages submitted, and not as a result of a compromise by the jury on the issue of liability.

1661 Corporation v. Snyder, 267 So.2d 362, 364 (Fla. 1st DCA 1972) (footnote omitted); accord Borges v. Jacobs, 483 So.2d 773, 775 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986); Timmy Woods Beverly Hills, Ltd. v. Greenwald, 475 So.2d 256, 257-58 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985).

In the present case liability was not unequivocally established. No eyewitnesses to the accident testified at trial. When the vehicles halted, Aldrich's car was located three feet behind Berrocal's car and was not damaged, while Berrocal's and Rivera's vehicles had extensive damage. The jury...