Sagely v. ABC RAIL PRODUCTS CORP.

Decision Date25 February 2000
Citation775 So.2d 230
PartiesRocky SAGELY v. ABC RAIL PRODUCTS CORPORATION.
CourtAlabama Court of Civil Appeals

David Madison Tidmore of Cory, Watson, Crowder & DeGaris, P.C., Birmingham, for appellant.

Sydney F. Frazier, Jr., and Michael E. Turner of Cabaniss, Johnston, Gardner, Dumas & O'Neal, Birmingham, for appellee.

Alabama Supreme Court 1991092.

On Application for Rehearing

YATES, Judge.

The opinion of December 17, 1999, is withdrawn, and the following is substituted therefor.

Rocky Sagely sued his employer, ABC Rail Products Corporation ("ABC"), on July 8, 1998, to recover workers' compensation benefits for injuries he had sustained to his shoulder and neck on October 17, 1995, during the course of his employment. ABC answered on August 17, 1998, admitting liability for the shoulder injury, but denying liability for the neck injury and raising the statute of limitations as a defense to the claim based on that injury. Following an ore tenus proceeding, the court, on February 17, 1999, entered the following order:

"In this case, the plaintiff claims workers' compensation benefits for separate injuries to his right shoulder and the cervical region of his neck, both of which the plaintiff relates to an October 17, 1995, accident which took place while he was working as a machine operator at the defendant's rail car wheel plant in Calera, Alabama. ABC Rail has paid compensation benefits and medical expenses for the injury to the plaintiff's shoulder, but denied from the outset any benefits for the neck-injury claim. In its answer to the complaint, the defendant denied a work-related injury involving the neck, and asserted the defense of the statute of limitations.
"This case was tried on February 3, 1999, and based on the stipulations of the parties, the medical records and other evidence presented at that time, the Court makes the following findings of fact:
"1. On October 17, 1995, the plaintiff suffered an injury to his shoulder while employed by ABC Rail when he slipped in some oil and fell on his side.
"2. The plaintiff's average weekly wage for the 52-week period prior to the October 17, 1995, injury was $1,048.03 per week.
"3. The plaintiff lost a total of 45 weeks of work because of his shoulder injury, for which he received temporary total-disability payments at the then maximum rate of $443 per week for a total of $19,935. The Court finds that none of this time off from work was necessitated by the claimed neck injury. Although the plaintiff occasionally complained of neck pain following his accident, it is clear from the evidence that he was taken off work because of problems with his shoulder, for which he underwent two surgical procedures in January and July of 1996. Medical records also indicate that the plaintiffs neck pain improved for months at a time, following which he would again complain of occasional pain in his neck.
"4. The plaintiff reached MMI [`maximum medical improvement'] from his shoulder injury and returned to work on November 13, 1996.
"5. On November 26, 1996, the plaintiff was assigned a six percent whole-body physical impairment based on limitations involving his shoulder.
"6. Based on an average weekly wage figure of $1,048.03 ..., a six percent whole-body impairment produces a weekly permanent-partial-disability benefit of $41.92.
"7. Plaintiff has received weekly workers' compensation benefit payments of $41.92 on his shoulder for a total of 67 weeks through January 7, 1999, and he continued to receive such payments up to the time of trial.
"8. The plaintiff voluntarily resigned his employment with ABC Rail on or about July 1, 1997, at which time he accepted employment at the Mercedes-Benz plant in Vance, Alabama. The plaintiff testified that between the time he returned to work for ABC Rail in November of 1996 until the date of his resignation in July of 1997 he lost no time from work as a result of the claimed injury to his neck or because of his shoulder, and, indeed, the plaintiff has admitted working as much as 25 to 30 hours of overtime per week during this period.
"9. After the plaintiff had been working for Mercedes-Benz for just over a year, he was diagnosed with two herniated discs in his neck at levels C4-5 and C5-6, and on August 3, 1998, the plaintiff had corrective disc surgery and fusions at those two levels. The substance of the plaintiff's claim in this case is that the 1998 disc herniations and surgery were caused by the injury which occurred during his employment at ABC Rail two years and 10 months before the operation, [even though the surgery came] a full year after he had started working for another employer.
"10. Two MRI's of the plaintiffs cervical spine were taken while he was still working for ABC Rail in 1996 and in 1997. Both contained findings of degenerative changes in his neck, but both were also negative for any finding of disc herniations at the C4-5, C5-6 levels.
"11. ABC Rail has not paid the plaintiff any workers' compensation benefits for the claimed neck injury, and in correspondence directly to the plaintiff and later to his attorney, the defendant has consistently taken the position that the neck injury was not covered under workers' compensation.
"12. The plaintiff lost approximately two months of work following his August 1998 surgery, and during that absence he received weekly benefit payments from Mercedes-Benz in the form of salary continuation. It is likewise undisputed that Mercedes-Benz paid all the medical expenses relating to the plaintiffs 1998 surgery.
"13. This action was filed on July 8, 1998, which was approximately nine moths beyond the 2-year statute of limitations which is applicable to the neck-injury claim in this case.
"Based on the foregoing findings of fact, the Court has reached the following conclusions:
"1. The plaintiff's shoulder injury is covered by the Workers' Compensation Act of Alabama.
"2. Plaintiff is not due any additional workers' compensation benefits for the injury to his shoulder beyond those which ABC Rail is already paying based on the six percent impairment. The Court notes that plaintiff has advanced no argument or evidence that additional benefits are due for the injury to his shoulder.
"3. The plaintiff's claim that his August 1998 disc herniations were sufficiently connected under the Workers' Compensation Act to his October 17, 1995, injury is not supported by substantial evidence.
"4. The ... neck-injury claim is barred by the 2-year statute of limitations.
"Based on the foregoing findings and conclusions, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, and DECREED that judgment be entered in favor of the defendant and that plaintiff is not entitled to recover workers' compensation benefits or medical expenses for his neck-injury claim based on the accident of October 17, 1995. ABC Rail is to continue weekly benefits for the shoulder injury until the required payments have been completed (300 weeks minus the number of weeks paid for TTD [temporary total disability]), and medical expenses for the shoulder injury will continue to be the responsibility of the defendant subject to the provisions of the Workers' Compensation Act. It is further ORDERED that each party bear its own costs."

Sagely appeals, following the denial of his postjudgment motion.

This case is governed by the new (1992) Workers' Compensation Act. This new Act provides that an appellate court's review of the proof and its consideration of other legal issues shall be without a presumption of correctness. § 25-5-81(e)(1), Ala.Code 1975. It further provides that when an appellate court reviews a trial court's findings of fact, those findings will not be reversed if they are supported by substantial evidence. § 25-5-81(e)(2). Our supreme court "has defined the term `substantial evidence,' as it is used in § 12-21-12(d), to mean `evidence of such weight and quality that fair-minded persons in the exercise of impartial judgment can reasonably infer the existence of the fact sought to be proved.'" Ex parte Trinity Industries, Inc., 680 So.2d 262, 268 (Ala.1996), quoting West v. Founders Life Assurance Co. of Florida, 547 So.2d 870, 871 (Ala. 1989). This court has also concluded: "The new Act did not alter the rule that this court does not weigh the evidence before the trial court." Edwards v. Jesse Stutts, Inc., 655 So.2d 1012, 1014 (Ala.Civ. App.1995).

Sagely contends on appeal that the court erred in holding that his workers' compensation claim for the alleged neck injury was barred by the applicable two-year statute of limitations. We disagree. Section 25-5-80, Ala.Code 1975, provides:

"In case of a personal injury not involving cumulative physical stress, all claims for compensation under this article shall be forever barred unless within two years after the accident the parties shall have agreed upon the compensation payable under this article or unless within two years after the accident one of the parties shall have filed a verified complaint as provided in Section 25-5-88. In cases involving personal injury due to cumulative physical stress, compensation under this article shall be forever barred unless within two years after the date of the injury one of the parties shall have filed a verified complaint as provided in Section 25-5-88. In cases involving claims for lost earning capacity under Section 25-5-57(a)(3)i.,... compensation under this article and Article 4 shall be forever barred unless brought within two years of the termination. In case of death, all claims for compensation shall be forever barred unless within two years after death ... the
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2 cases
  • Robert Burton & Associates, Ltd v. Morris
    • United States
    • Alabama Court of Civil Appeals
    • 30 d5 Novembro d5 2007
    ...accidental injury, an employee must file his or her claim within two years of the date of the accident. See Sagely v. ABC Rail Prods. Corp., 775 So.2d 230, 234 (Ala.Civ.App.2000). However, that section contains a tolling provision which provides: "Where, however, payments of compensation . ......
  • Ex Parte Morris
    • United States
    • Alabama Supreme Court
    • 20 d5 Junho d5 2008
    ...two-year statute of limitations for claims for compensation arising from work-related personal injuries. See Sagely v. ABC Rail Prods. Corp., 775 So.2d 230, 234 (Ala.Civ.App. 2000). However, § 25-5-80 also includes a tolling provision that states: "Where, however, payments of compensation, ......

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