Shaw v. Com.

• Citation: 238 N.E.2d 876,354 Mass. 583
• Parties: Peg D. SHAW v. COMMONWEALTH.
• Decision Date: 28 June 1968
• Court: United States State Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts

Page 876

238 N.E.2d 876

354 Mass. 583

Peg D. SHAW v. COMMONWEALTH.

Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Hampden.

Argued May 6, 1968.

Decided June 28, 1968.

David Burres, Springfield, for petitioner.

Willie J. Davis, Asst. Atty. Gen. (Manuel Morse, Asst. Dist. Atty., John M. Finn, Deputy Asst. Atty. Gen. & Evan T. Lawson, Legal Asst. to the Atty. Gen., with him), for the Commonwealth.

Before WILKINS, C.J., and SPALDING, WHITTEMORE, CUTTER, and SPIEGEL, JJ.

WILKINS, Chief Justice.

This petition for a writ of error to reverse a judgment for contempt is reserved and reported without decision by a single justice upon the petition, assignments of error, the return of the Superior Court, the respondent's answer, and a stipulation.

The citation for contempt gave notice that a hearing was to be held on November 4, 1966, in the Superior Court in Springfield 'in order to determine whether the order of this court; to wit, that no mention was to be made in the newspapers concerning a voir dire hearing on a motion to suppress evidence in the trial of Commonwealth vs. William Wooten and George Staley heard October 27, 1966, was violated by * * * respondent (the petitioner here).' At the conclusion of the hearing the petitioner, a newspaper reporter, was found guilty of contempt and fined $100.

The contempt hearing on November 4, 1966, consisted entirely of statements by the judge and by the counsel for the petitioner. The original order was not in writing, and for its substance we must look to the citation hereinbefore quoted and to the judge's statements at the contempt hearing, which we now summarize: On October 27 in the case of Commonwealth v. Wooten and Staley, which related to narcotic violations, a voir dire was held on a motion to suppress. Within ten minutes of the start of that hearing, the judge called the petitioner to the bench and told her not to mention in her newspaper account anything concerning the motion. Upon inquiry by her or some attorney she was further told that the ban included trial time, and that after the trial she was at liberty, or anybody was at liberty to publish anything he wanted concerning the motion to suppress. Within another half hour the judge again called her to the bench and repeated that she was not to mention anything with respect to the motion to suppress until the trial was over. The petitioner mentioned that she had talked about similar matters with another judge in the Superior Court in an earlier case.

On the following day, October 28, the judge denied the motion to suppress and stated his reasons. The trial on the merits then began, and the same evidence previously heard on voir dire was repeated almost word for word. The petitioner's article was published on Saturday, October 29, in the Springfield Union. It recited in part the evidence which was heard both at the voir dire and at the trial and concluded, 'Before the trial started, Judge Beaudreau denied a defense request to suppress evidence--in this case the bag of packets--on the grounds that the evidence was secured by unreasonable search and seizure. The denial followed a three-hour hearing on the motion Thursday, in the absence of the jury.' As a result of this article, on the motion of the defendant Staley, the judge declared a mistrial at 10:00 A.M. on October 31, 1966, and explained to the jury his reasons.

The counsel for the petitioner stated that the prohibition by the other judge in the earlier ease extended only to the substance of the voir dire, and that the petitioner thought that the prohibition by the trial judge was the same.

The judge again read the portion of the newspaper article above quoted and stated: 'Now, if a jury reads that, they are not versed in the technicalities of the law of illegal search and seizure, which is a field that was looked upon by our Supreme Court (of the United States) to be somewhat nebulous, and you can't expect the jury to understand those technicalities, when they read that the judge heard this evidence and he denied the motion to suppress, a jury would reasonably conclude that since the judge heard all this evidence, it must be good evidence and it must be believable evidence or he wouldn't have denied the motion. And as I read this thing, as I interpret it, you can understand how a jury would say that, well, the judge heard all that evidence and it must be good evidence. He believed it, so why shouldn't we believe it, and that is why I find the defendant has been harmed here and that is the part that I declared a mistrial on. * * * (T)hose are the reasons I believe that I gave to the jury on it.'

From what the judge said, it does not logically follow that he should have declared a mistrial. The question whether there was an illegal search was for the judge and not for the jury. Commonwealth v. LaBossiere, 347 Mass. 384, 387, 198 N.E.2d 405; Commonwealth v. Roy, 349 Mass. 224, 229, 207 N.E.2d 284; Commonwealth v. Rogers, 351 Mass. 522, 529--530, 222 N.E.2d 766; Steele v. United States, No. 2, 267 U.S. 505, 510--511, 45 S.Ct. 417, 69 L.Ed. 761; Ker v. State of California, 374 U.S. 23, 33, 83 S.Ct. 1623, 10 L.Ed.2d 726.

The effect of the judge's decision was that the bag of packets was to be admitted in evidence at the trial on the merits. It would not have been open to the jury to reach a contrary conclusion on that limited question of adjective law. The record contains no details of the hearing on voir dire or of the incomplete narcotics trial, that is, what there was of it before a mistrial was declared. There is nothing in the record to show...