State ex rel. Polk v. Johnson
Decision Date | 02 June 1970 |
Citation | 47 Wis.2d 207,177 N.W.2d 122 |
Parties | STATE ex rel. Betty POLK, Appellant, v. Charles JOHNSON, Respondent. |
Court | Wisconsin Supreme Court |
This paternity action was commenced on behalf of Betty Polk against the defendant-respondent Charles Johnson.
On June 16, 1969, a jury of twelve was empaneled to hear the action. At the close of plaintiff-appellant's case the defendant moved to dismiss the complaint. The court denied this motion without prejudice. On the following day the defendant, Johnson, had just started the presentation of his evidence when a juror volunteered that she knew the defendant by virtue of some limited business transactions and felt she should be excused. The juror was examined to some extent concerning her knowledge of the defendant and nature of the business transactions. The assistant corporation counsel, as counsel for plaintiff, moved that the juror be struck from the panel. This motion was granted, the juror's name stricken, and the juror withdrawn from the panel.
Counsel for plaintiff refused to stipulate that the case could be completed with eleven jurors. The trial court then reconsidered the defendant's motion to dismiss, sua sponte, and granted it; the court, also upon its own motion, granted a directed verdict for the defendant.
Subsequent motions after verdict challenging the dismissal of the complaint were heard. The court reaffirmed both the granting of the motion to dismiss and its own motion directing the verdict and entered judgment to that effect.
Plaintiff appeals.
Additional facts will be set forth in the opinion.
Robert W. Warren, Atty. Gen., Madison, Robert P. Russell, Corp. Counsel, Gerald C. Kops, Asst. Corp. Counsel, Milwaukee, for appellant.
Max E. Geline, Milwaukee, for respondent.
The issue is:
Did the trial court err in directing a verdict for the defendant after excusing a juror for cause?
A capsule resume of the evidence may be helpful in reviewing the trial court's orders and judgment.
The testimony of the complainant reveals she bore a child out of wedlock January 5, 1968. She testified the only person with whom she had sexual intercourse during the period of conception was the defendant, Charles Johnson. Johnson was married, the father of five children, but was separated from his wife. The complainant stated she had been seeing the defendant steadily since August, 1966, but not as what she considered 'socially going out.' Their relationship consisted of numerous visits to various motels and sexual relationships in cars or at her home over a period of several months.
The complainant further testified that another man had engaged in an abnormal sexual act with her during the period of conception. She stated, however, that no act of normal sexual intercourse was engaged in with him or any man except the defendant during that time period.
The plaintiff put in additional evidence to corroborate her testimony regarding the defendant's visit to her home during the period of conception and then rested. At the close of the plaintiff's case the defendant moved for the dismissal of the complaint on the grounds the evidence was of such an incredible character it would not permit a jury to find a clear and convincing preponderance of the evidence in support of the plaintiff's claims.
Without argument by plaintiff's counsel on the motion the trial court denied it, stating:
The defense then began the presentation of its case by calling the defendant Charles Johnson. His testimony was interrupted and one of the jurors struck as indicated in the statement of facts.
After plaintiff's counsel refused to stipulate to proceed with eleven jurors, the following colloquy took place:
The plaintiff was then afforded an opportunity to argue against the directed verdict motion, which the trial court thereafter granted sua sponte.
The Wisconsin rule respecting a mistrial when a juror has been disqualified appears to be clear. In Planer v. Smith (1876), 40 Wis. 31, 33, 34, this court said:
The procedural doctrine set forth in Planer was reaffirmed in Frion v. Craig (1957), 274 Wis. 550, 80 N.W.2d 808. That was a personal injury action and involved alleged misconduct by a juror during trial. The plaintiff had moved the juror be excused and the trial proceed with eleven jurors. The motion was denied and the trial proceeded to judgment. The decision on appeal was principally concerned with the propriety of the alleged misconduct, but the court said, by way of dicta in an opinion by Justice CURRIE, at pp. 554, 555, 80 N.W.2d at pp. 808, 810:
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