State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v. Price, 3-1276-A-291

• Decision Date: 02 July 1979
• Docket Number: No. 3-1276-A-291,3-1276-A-291
• Parties: STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant, v. John R. PRICE, Johnny Ray Price, and Albert Dobos, Appellees.
• Court: Indiana Appellate Court

Page 134

396 N.E.2d 134

181 Ind.App. 258

STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant, v. John R. PRICE, Johnny Ray Price, and Albert Dobos, Appellees.

No. 3-1276-A-291.

Court of Appeals of Indiana, Third District.

July 2, 1979.

John P. McQuillan, Robin D. Pierce, Spangler, Jennings, Spangler & Dougherty, Gary, for appellant.

Harlan M. Noel, Noel & Noel, Hammond, for appellees.

GARRARD, Presiding Judge.

MEMORANDUM DECISION

On September 4, 1973, John Price, Sr. applied for an automobile liability insurance policy from State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (hereinafter State Farm). The application contained the following question: "During the past five years has the applicant, any household member or any regular driver been convicted of or forfeited bail for any traffic violations?" Mr. Price responded in the negative. In fact, Mr. Price's son, John Ray Price, had been convicted of three traffic offenses: reckless driving on two occasions and speeding. At all relevant times John Ray was a member of the Price household and a regular driver. State Farm did not conduct any investigation of the driving records of the Price family but relied on the facts as stated in the application in issuing an insurance policy to Mr. Price. John Ray was involved in a traffic accident while driving the insured automobile, injuring appellee Albert Dobos. State Farm subsequently discovered the misrepresentation of the traffic offenses and filed this action to rescind the policy, alleging that the material misrepresentation of fact relied upon by State Farm in providing coverage rendered the policy void Ab initio.

The trial court, in its special findings of fact, stated:

"3. The defendant John R. Price and his wife materially misrepresented facts within their knowledge in procuring the insurance contract in question from plaintiff State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company.

4. These misrepresentations involved related to the primary driver of the automobiles and the driving records of defendant John R. Price and his son Johny Ray Price.

5. The plaintiff State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company relied upon these material misrepresentations of facts in issuing the insurance contract in question."

In its conclusions of law, the court held that:

"2. Plaintiff State Farm Mutual Insurance Company was not placed on inquiry notice of the misrepresentations of facts by defendant John R. Price and his wife in their applications for issuance of the insurance contract in question.

3. Plaintiff State Farm Mutual Insurance Company incurred a duty reasonably to investigate defendant's, John R. Price, and defendant's family members' insurability within a reasonable time after issuance of the insurance contract in question.

4. Plaintiff State Farm Mutual Insurance Company breached its duty reasonably to investigate defendant's, John R. Price, and defendant's family members' insurability within a reasonable time after issuance of the insurance contract in question and thereby waived its right to rescind the insurance contract in question."

Appellant State Farm assigns as error the trial court's holding that State Farm had a duty to investigate the facts stated in the policy application although the company had no notice that the applicant had misrepresented those facts. State Farm argues that an insurance company may rely upon the facts stated in an application for insurance and has no duty to investigate without some notice of the falsity of the representation made. ¹

It is well settled in Indiana that material misrepresentations of fact relied upon by an insurer in its decision to issue a policy will render an insurance policy void Ab initio. Brunnemer, Admx. v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. (1938), 213 Ind. 650, 14 N.E.2d 97; Metropolitan Life Ins. v. Becraft (1938), 213 Ind. 378, 12 N.E.2d 952; Automobile Underwriters, Inc. v. Stover (1971), 148 Ind.App. 555, 268 N.E.2d 114; Indiana Insurance Co. v. Knoll (1968), 142 Ind.App. 506, 236 N.E.2d 63. It is essential for recovery that the insurer must have been deceived by the misrepresentations and he must have acted in reliance upon them. Grissom v. Moran (1972), 154 Ind.App. 419, 290 N.E.2d 119, 292 N.E.2d 627; Automobile Underwriters, Inc. v. Smith (1960), 131 Ind.App. 454, 166 N.E.2d 341, 167 N.E.2d 882. An insurance company has no right to rescind a policy where it had knowledge of the facts or where it has sufficient information which would cause a reasonably prudent man to inquire further. Where an insurance company or its agent has knowledge which would be sufficient to lead a prudent man to inquire about the matter, when the truth could have been ascertained conveniently, such knowledge constitutes notice of whatever the inquiry would have discovered and will be regarded as knowledge of the facts. Union Insurance Exchange, Inc. v. Gaul (7th Cir. 1968), 393 F.2d 151; Columbian National Life Insurance Co. v. Rodgers (10th Cir. 1940), 116 F.2d 705, Cert. den. 313 U.S. 561, 61 S.Ct. 838, 85 L.Ed. 1521; Travelers Insurance Co. v. Eviston (1941), 110 Ind.App. 143, 37 N.E.2d 310.

Therefore, where an insurance company is placed on "inquiry notice," it has a duty to undertake reasonable investigation to ascertain...