State v. Allen
| Decision Date | 28 October 1987 |
| Docket Number | No. 11931,11931 |
| Parties | STATE of Hawaii, Respondent-Appellee, v. John Wesley ALLEN, Petitioner-Appellant. |
| Court | Hawaii Court of Appeals |
Syllabus by the Court
1. A rule providing for post-conviction relief requires proceedings to determine the facts underlying a defendant's claim for relief when such facts are not otherwise available.
2. A petition for post-conviction relief is addressed to the sound discretion of the court, and absent an affirmative showing of abuse the lower court's denial of such a petition will not be overturned on appeal.
3. As a general rule, a hearing should be held on a Rule 40 petition for post-conviction relief where the petition states a colorable claim. To establish a colorable claim, the allegations of the petition must show that if taken as true the facts alleged would change the verdict; however, a petitioner's conclusions need not be regarded as true.
4. Where examination of the record of the trial court proceedings indicate that the petitioner's allegations show no colorable claim, it is not error to deny the petition without a hearing.
5. The question on appeal from a denial of a petition for post-conviction relief without a hearing is whether the trial court record indicates that a petitioner's application for relief made such a showing of a colorable claim as to require a hearing before the lower court.
6. Where, in a Rule 40, HRPP, petition, petitioner fails to allege "specific errors or omissions of defense counsel reflecting counsel's lack of skill, judgment or diligence," and that such "errors or omissions resulted in either the withdrawal or substantial impairment of a potentially meritorious defense," and the trial court record fails to reveal that this counsel's assistance was not "within the range of competence demanded of attorneys in criminal cases," the trial court did not err in denying the petition without a hearing.
Christopher R. Evans, Honolulu, for petitioner-appellant.
Peter Van Name Esser (Willard J. Peterson, on the brief), Deputy Pros. Attys., City and County of Honolulu, for respondent-appellee.
Before BURNS, C.J., and HEEN and TANAKA, JJ.
Appellant John Wesley Allen (Petitioner) appeals from the January 2, 1987 Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Order (Order) denying without a hearing his Rule 40, Hawaii Rules of Penal Procedure (HRPP) (1985), petition for post-conviction relief. We affirm.
Petitioner, who is presently incarcerated on convictions for murder and rape, seeks confinement in safer quarters, and vacation of his convictions or a new trial. In a prior appeal by Petitioner, we remanded the matter by memorandum opinion to the lower court for further proceedings because the State had not been served with a copy of the petition and had not filed a response. The lack of a response and the lower court's terse denial of the petition did not provide us with a sufficient basis to determine if it was error not to afford Petitioner a hearing. On remand the State was served and responded. However, neither the response nor the State's answering brief was helpful to our review.
The petition alleges: 1
(1) During Petitioner's pretrial detention on the charges against him, other inmates beat him and threatened to kill him unless he pleaded guilty or refrained from putting up a strong defense. The fear instilled in him by the other inmates diminished his ability to assist in his defense. 2
(2) "Extensive inflammatory" news media coverage of the trial "probably influenced the jury."
(3) He was not afforded effective assistance of counsel because:
(a) During the course of the proceedings his case was assigned to three different deputy public defenders, which resulted in inadequate trial preparation.
(b) His trial counsel did not subpoena or present all "known" witnesses and evidence to the jury.
The lower court again denied the petition without a hearing.
In the Order the lower court found that Petitioner had not alleged facts to show how the assaults and threats "affected his physical and mental health at trial." The lower court also found that Petitioner's claims regarding inflammatory media coverage of the trial and ineffective assistance of counsel were "patently frivolous and ... without trace of support either in the record or from other evidence submitted by him." The lower court further found that except for the ineffective assistance of counsel claim, Petitioner had waived the issues he relied on by not raising them in his direct appeal from his convictions. 3
In this court Petitioner argues that the lower court's findings are clearly erroneous and that it abused its discretion in denying his petition without a hearing. We find no error.
Rule 40(f), HRPP, is applicable here and reads, in pertinent part, as follows:
(f) Hearings. If a petition alleges facts that if proven would entitle the petitioner to relief, the court shall grant a hearing which may extend only to the issues raised in the petition or answer. However, the court may deny a hearing if the petitioner's claim is patently frivolous and is without trace of support either in the record or from other evidence submitted by the petitioner. The court may also deny a hearing on a specific question of fact when a full and fair evidentiary hearing upon that question was held at the original trial or at any later proceeding.
A rule providing for post-conviction relief requires "proceedings to determine the facts underlying a defendant's claim for relief when such facts are not otherwise available." State v. Schrock, 149 Ariz. 433, 441, 719 P.2d 1049, 1057 (1986) (quoting State v. Bell, 23 Ariz.App. 169, 171, 531 P.2d 545, 547 (1975)). A petition for post-conviction relief is addressed to the sound discretion of the court, State v. Schrock, supra, and absent an affirmative showing of abuse the lower court's denial of such a petition will not be overturned on appeal. Id. As a general rule, a hearing should be held on a Rule 40 petition for post-conviction relief where the petition states a colorable claim. Schrock, supra. To establish a colorable claim, the allegations of the petition must show that if taken as true the facts alleged would change the verdict, State v. Lemieux, 137 Ariz. 143, 669 P.2d 121 (Ct.App.1983); however, a petitioner's conclusions need not be regarded as true. Phillips v. State, 108 Idaho 405, 700 P.2d 27 (1985). Where examination of the record of the trial court proceedings indicates that the petitioner's allegations show no colorable claim, it is not error to deny the petition without a hearing. Widermyre v. State, 452 P.2d 885 (Alaska 1969). The question on appeal of a denial of a Rule 40 petition without a hearing is whether the trial court record indicates that Petitioner's application for relief made such a showing of a colorable claim as to require a hearing before the lower court. Id.
Our examination of the records in this case indicates that even if we accept Petitioner's allegations as true, they would not change the verdict. Consequently, he is not entitled to Rule 40 relief, and no hearing on his petition was necessary.
The record shows that the victim had gone to her office to do some work on the day she was murdered, which was a Sunday, as she had done on a few Sundays prior to that. Sunday was not the victim's normal work day. Petitioner was on duty as a security guard at the victim's office building on the day of the event and everyone entering the office building that day was required to seek entry through him. Petitioner allowed the victim to enter the building that morning. At approximately 1:45 o'clock p.m., Petitioner called the police and reported that one or two unidentified males had attacked him within the building and that he had heard screams. Meanwhile, the victim's parents had reported to the police that their daughter had not returned home. The police conducted a search of the building and found the victim's body in the men's room on the seventeenth floor, which was not the floor on which the victim's office was located. After the body was found, Petitioner confessed to killing the victim by mistake.
At trial Petitioner's defense was that he and the victim had been lovers but had quarreled after making love, when she became upset when he told her he was also seeing another woman. In the course of the quarrel, according to Petitioner's testimony, she attacked him, and he accidentally struck her and she hit her head on the wall and died.
According to his testimony, Petitioner and the victim were the...
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