State v. McBride
| Citation | 120 N.C.App. 623,463 S.E.2d 403 |
| Decision Date | 07 November 1995 |
| Docket Number | No. COA94-1330,COA94-1330 |
| Court | North Carolina Court of Appeals |
| Parties | STATE of North Carolina v. Fred Douglas McBRIDE, Defendant. |
Attorney General Michael F. Easley by Special Deputy Attorney General Ellen B. Scouten and Simone E. Frier, for State.
Judith T. Naef, Wilmington, for defendant-appellant.
The appeal before this Court concerns the constitutional propriety of a search without a warrant by the Wilmington Police Department. Defendant Fred Douglas McBride alleges insufficient exigent circumstances were present to justify application of a warrantless search exception in this case. However, we do not reach the merits, because defendant failed to comply with established case law mandating that notice of intent to appeal be given the trial court and prosecution, prior to entry of a plea of guilty following denial of a motion to suppress. We reaffirm our precedent on this issue and dismiss defendant's appeal.
It is well-settled that no federal constitutional right exists obligating courts to hear appeals from criminal convictions. See Abney v. United States, 431 U.S. 651, 97 S.Ct. 2034, 52 L.Ed.2d 651 (1977). In North Carolina, a defendant's right to pursue an appeal from a criminal conviction is a creation of state statute. See N.C.Gen.Stat. § 15A-1444 (1988); State v. Blades, 209 N.C. 56, 57, 182 S.E. 714 (1935). This Court has an ever-standing obligation to apply the laws governing the right to appeal. Estrada v. Jaques, 70 N.C.App. 627, 640-41, 321 S.E.2d 240, 249 (1984). This obligation would be rendered illusory if we ignored the very processes which operate to make our system of justice fair as well as efficient.
N.C.Gen.Stat. § 15A-979(b) (1988) allows review of an order finally denying a motion to suppress evidence on appeal from a judgment of conviction, including a judgment entered on a guilty plea. This statutory right to appeal is conditional, not absolute.
Pursuant to this statute, a defendant bears the burden of notifying the state and the trial court during plea negotiations of the intention to appeal the denial of a motion to suppress, or the right to do so is waived after a plea of guilty. State v. Reynolds, 298 N.C. 380, 396-97, 259 S.E.2d 843, 853 (1979), cert. denied, 446 U.S. 941, 100 S.Ct. 2164, 64 L.Ed.2d 795 (1980). The rule in this state is that notice must be specifically given. State v. Tew, 326 N.C. 732, 735, 392 S.E.2d 603, 605 (1990); accord State v. Walden, 52 N.C.App. 125, 126-27, 278 S.E.2d 265, 266 (1981). After reviewing the entire record in Tew, we observe the defendant there repeatedly, and specifically, preserved the right to appeal the suppression motion, by giving notice of intent to appeal prior to entry of the plea.
In the instant case, defendant failed to preserve his right to appeal by not ensuring that his intent to do so was given to the trial court and prosecution, prior to finalization of his plea bargain. We have carefully reviewed the entire record and note the absence of any notice whatsoever by defendant of intent to appeal based on the trial court's denial of his motion to suppress.
We do observe that defendant has placed a one page document entitled "Notice of Appeal" in the Record on Appeal, dated 18 May 1994. The document does not certify service to the trial court or to the prosecution, though a stamp at the top of the page indicates it was filed with the clerk of court in New Hanover County. This document is not the type of notice required under Reynolds, wherein the burden is placed on the defendant to ensure proper and actual notice of intent to appeal. Reynolds, 298 N.C. at 397, 259 S.E.2d at 853.
A Notice of Appeal is distinct from giving notice of intent to appeal. Notice of intent to appeal prior to plea bargain finalization is a rule designed to promote a "fair posture for appeal from a guilty plea." Id. Notice of Appeal is a procedural appellate rule, required in order to give "this Court jurisdiction to hear and decide a case." State v. Morris, 41 N.C.App. 164, 166, 254 S.E.2d 241, 242 (1979), appeal dismissed and cert. denied, 297 N.C. 616, 267 S.E.2d 657 (1979); N.C.Gen.Stat. §§ 7A-26 (1989) and 15A-1448 (1988). The two forms of notice serve different functions, and performance of one does not substitute for completion of the other.
The United States Supreme Court addressed the propriety of an appeals process nearly identical to ours in ...
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...his intention to appeal during plea negotiations and (2) provide notice of appeal from the final judgment. State v. McBride , 120 N.C. App. 623, 625-26, 463 S.E.2d 403, 404-05 (1995), aff'd per curiam , 344 N.C. 623, 476 S.E.2d 106 (1996).¶ 56 Here, the Record, including discussion with the......
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...because the defendant did not notify the court of his intent to appeal at the time he entered a guilty plea); State v. McBride, 120 N.C.App. 623, 625, 463 S.E.2d 403, 404 (1995) (explaining that under N.C. Gen.Stat. § 15A-979(b), "a defendant bears the burden of notifying the state and the ......
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State v. Wolfe, No. COA08-38 (N.C. App. 4/7/2009)
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